Biography
MSTISLAV ROSTROPOVIP - Russian conductor uye commoser, ruzhinji nhamba uye kiyi nhamba mune yemimhanzi hunyanzvi hwezana ramakumi maviri. Laureate yemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekurima, vanhu veUSSR uye mukwikwa waGalina vishnevskaya.Hudu uye Vechidiki
MSTISLAV Rostropevich - Native Baku. Muimbi akazvarwa muna Kurume 27, 1927. Vabereki vake vaive nehukama neART: Baba vaigona kuita Rostropopopovich, uye amai sophia rostropopopopopopopopopopopopovich - pianist. Pakazosvika makore mana, mukomana airidza piyano, akazvimiririra kunyora nziyo uye kutora maumbirwo. Muna 8, akadzidza kutamba cello. Mudzidzisi wekutanga wekufambidzana mudiki aive Baba.
Muna 1932, mhuri iyi yakatama kubva kuBaku kuenda kuMoscow. Pakazosvika makore manomwe, MSTISLAV akazova mudzidzi wechikoro chemimhanzi. Gnesins, maari akadzidzisa baba vake. Semwana, mukomana akatevera baba vake, kutsiva masangano ezvedzidzo, saka muna 1937 Vaimbi vakatamira kuchikoro chemimhanzi cheSverdlovsky Dunhu. Iyo cinut kiromita yakaitika munguva imwe chete. MSTISLAV yakaitwa pane nhanho inoperekedzwa ne symphony orchestra, nekuita iyo huru batch kubva kubasa re camille Saint-Sanssa.
Achigamuchira yechipiri dzidzo, rostropovich yakapinda muchikoro panguva yekuchengetedza. TCHAIKIVSky. Iko kurota kwejaya kwaive kugadzira mimhanzi. Asi hondo yaive chipingamupinyi pakuita. Mhuri yacho yakadzingwa kuOrenburg, ndokuzopfeka zita reChklov. Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, jaya rakava mudzidzi wechikoro chechitima uye chikoro chemumhanzi, kwaakadzidzisa Baba vake. Apa rostropovich yakava nemakonzati ekutanga.
Gare gare, murume wechidiki akagara mumba opera, kwaakatanga kunyora zvirevo piyano uye cello nerutsigiro uye kuitisa mikhail stuilki. Muna 1942, muimbi wechidiki akazova nhengo yekonsati yekubika, kwaakange anomiririrwa semunyori uye mutambi. Kutaura kwakabudiswa furore. Kufambidzana kwakarasira vateereri, vatsoropodzi uye vatori venhau vakaratidza kunzwa kwekuwirirana, kuravira kwemimhanzi uye tarenda re rostropovich
Muna 1943, mhuri 'yemimhanzi yakadzokera kuMoscow, uye mstrisav yakatangazve kudzidziswa muchikoro kuchengetedzwa. Kushanda nesimba uye kuedza kucherechedza vadzidzisi vakachera jaya rine tarenda kubva kune 2nd kosi pa5.
Muna 1946, rostrovich madhiri akagamuchira diploma ine kukudzwa mune mbiri nyanzvi: composer uye cellist. MSTISLAV akanyoreswa chikoro chedzidzo, uye kupedzisa zvidzidzo zvake, akava mudzidzisi wevanochengetedza muMoscow naSt. Petersburg. Kwemakore 26, akagadzira zviitiko zvePedagogarical, ravy monigretti, NAVERIA SHAKHOVSKAYA, Natalia Gutman, David Geringas nevamwe vaimbi.
Mumhanzi
Hafu yechipiri ye1940s yakaiswa chiratidzo cheRostropovich Concert muKiev, Minsk naMoscow. Kukunda mumakwikwi epasi rese kwakabudirira uye mukurumbira. Vakachengetedzwa nekushanya vashanyi mumaguta eEurope uye nyika dzakasiyana siyana dzenyika. Kuzivikanwa kwenyika dzese kumimhanzi yechidiki yakauya nekukurumidza.
Rostropovich inogara ichitsvaga kuzvivandudza. Mubvunzurudzo, muimbi anowanzozivikanwa nenguva iyi mune imwe nguva yebasa apo "achinyatsoda kutamba zvakanaka." Semudzidzisi uye muimbi, MSTISLAV Leopoldovich vafundisi, kududzira kwemasero eCellular batiro nevanyori uye kuita kwavo nevaimbi.
Mutambo "Prague Sprame 1955 yakaunza rostropovich yekuziva neye Opera Singer Galina vishnevskaya. Vaviri vacho vaiwanzoita pamwe: Gallina vakaimba pasi pekutaurirana kweMSTISLAV. Muimbi akaitwawo mukamuri posple naDavid Justocha uye Svyatoslav Richter. Muna 1957, Rostrovich Contact Semitakuri, akabata preemiere ye "Eugene imwe" muBolshoi Theatre. Kuita kwacho kwakaitwa nemuchato uye kwakaunza kubudirira kunonzwika.
MSTISLAV LeoPololdiv yaive yakanyanyisa mukuda. Simba rakawandisa uye chishuwo chekushandisa zvese zvemukati zvakamanikidzwa kusanganisa zviitiko zve pedegogical nemabhuruku, makomisheni uye kunyora makomendi matsva. MaTestro aive nemaonero ake pane zvese zvakaitika mumumhanzi, uye aive nemaonero ake nezve mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika munyika. Haana kusiya mukana wekutaura kunze nezve nguva dzakamutsaira.
Muna 1989, MSTISLAV Leopoldolvich akataura neiyo sutu Bhaha, achizadzisa pachiridzwa chake kubva kumadziro eBerlin. Mutauriri akatanhamara achitambudzika nechitambudzo cheAnna Akhmatova, Joseph Brodsky, Alexander Solzhenz Pakupedzisira akatopa pekugara pane yake Dacha. Zviitiko zveRostrovich zvinokonzera kusagutsikana uye kumanikidzwa kubva kuhurumende.
Kusaina chikumbiro kuDare Remusoteni weUSSR maererano nehanya kwevasungwa uye kubviswa kwechibereko cheMufudzi muna 1972 vakanyima muimbi webasa muBolshoi theatre. Akarambidzwa nenzendo dzekunze. Rostropovich uye vishnevskaya hadzina kukoka iyo metropolitan orchestras kuenda kuFordates.
MSTISLAV LeoPoldovich yakawana kutenderwa kwevisa uye nemhuri yake yakasiya iyo USSR, yabva kuUnited States. Mushure memakore mana, wake uye mukadzi wake akabvarura kodzero dzeUSSR yeAntipatriotism. Iyi nguva yaive yakaoma yemunyori. Pakanga pasina kuita pakutanga. Zvishoma nezvishoma, akatanga kupa makomisheni uye akagamuchira chinzvimbo chemutungamiriri wehunyanzvi muWashington Symphony Orchestra.
Mushure memakore gumi nematanhatu ehupenyu kunze kwenyika, rostropovich yaive mutungamiriri, conductor uye constist, inozivikanwa pasi rese. Hurumende yeUSSR yakanonoka kugoverwa kwaari uye kudzoka kweVishnevian yevagari, asi vagari venyika "vaive" chiratidzo chenyika ", uye chiratidzo ichi chaive chekufananidzira.
Kune rostropovchich uye vishnevskaya, magonhi akavhurwa mune chero nyika. Vakaita muMoscow vari pamamwe maguta. Putch 1991 kumanikidza murume kutora chikamu mune zvevanoitika munyika. Akarere akatsigira shanduko dzakarongwa. Muna 1993, muimbi nemhuri yake vakatamira kuSt. Petersburg.
RefertOire yeMSTISLAV Rostropopopovich. Akaita solong uye ari munhare, akashanda nemishonga yeSporthy orchestra uye yaive mutungamiriri wezve opera. Yakanga yakatarisana nenyika yose yemimhanzi. Vanopfuura makumi matanhatu vanonyorera vanomubatira, vachiramba kuti maestro aizadzisa zvavaumbwa zvavo. Rostropovich ndiyo yekutanga yakaita anopfuura zana cello inoshanda uye akabata makumi manomwe ekutangira ne orchestra. Chiridzwa chemuimbi chakanzwika pane yakanakisa nyika.
Rostropovich se "Mukadzi wePeak" akagadzirwa muUnited States, "Mwenga weStarist" muMonaco, "mukadzi Macbeth" kuGermany, Hovanshchina muMoscow. Muimbi akanyorwawo machinda eRadio. Zvekukodzera kwaMaestro, iyo Stalinist uye LenIn awards yakaunzwa. Muna 1966, rostropovich yakava muimbi wevanhu veUSSR. MSTISLAV LeoPololdovich - Muridzi we5 mubayiro "Grammy". Muna 2003, mubairo wakapihwa "nekuda kwebasa rinoshamisa."
Hupenyu Hwako
Muzivikanwe pamwe neGalina Vishnevskaya yakachinja hupenyu hweMSSISLAV Rostropoposvich. Vakasangana pane imwe yehunyanzvi umo muimbi, semazuva ese, akaomeswa mudenderedzwa revashanyi uye vakarovererwa vakadzi. Kuona Galina, MSTISLAV haana kubva paari manheru ese, zvichikonzera. Akazoperekedzwa nekushanya muPrague, achiedza nesimba kukunda runako rwehembe. Iye murume aive nemakore makumi masere nemasere, asi zvisinga zive zvemakore, magirazi makuru uye anoonekwa muhudiki hweLysin akamanikidza kuoma.
Vishnevskaya panguva iyoyo yakafukidzwa pese pese uye yaive pamisangano yekubwinya. Rostropovich yakakunda moyo wake nemaitiro aristocratic, kutariswa nehungwaru. Muumbi akabvunza muimbi kuti ave mukadzi wake mazuva mana mushure mekufambidzana. Vishnevskaya akarambana nemukadzi wake Mako Ruby kuti ave naye.
Kuroora, vaviri vacho vaigara vaviri kwenguva yakati neyeMstislava mhuri, asi munguva pfupi vakawana imba yake. Hupenyu hwega hweRostropopovich hwakave nekufara: Muna 1956, murume womurume wake akabereka Olga mwanasikana. Muimbi aive akagadzirira kuisa nyika yose kumakumbo eGalina, achipa machena, mweya uye zvimwe zvinoshamisa.
Zvipo Zvinounzwa Mutambi Nenhamo muEngland, kwaakachengeta mari yekufadza wake, nekuti chikamu chemari chinofanira kupihwa kumumiriri weSoviet. Mweya wemugadziri wakapikisa mitemo yakacheneswa nehurumende. Pane imwe nguva aimutenga chekare cheChinese vate uye akamupembera mumiriri, aipiriso zvekugovana zvidimbu ku "yangu" uye "yako."
Muna 1958, mwanasikana wechipiri Elena akazviratidza pachiedza. Baba vari kurinda vakadzi vake. Akange achibatwa vana nemimhanzi uye akapedza nguva yake yese yemahara kuzvida. Mhuri Idyll inotyora kutama muUnited States. Mhuri yakatarisana nekushaikwa kwemari, kusika uye zvezvematongerwo enyika opsional opsal.
Nekudaro, hupenyu hutsva hwakakurumidza kuita vakaroora uye vakasununguka. Rostropovich yakave knight yekuraira kweBritish Humambo, yakagamuchira kurongeka kweiyo kusarongeka kweguva kubva kuFrance uye muchinjiko wemubatanidzwa wekuGermany kubva kuGermany. Sangano reJapan rehunyanzvi hwakatora conductor kuenda kuPerial Prize, USA - Mutungamiri weMenduru, uye Sweden - Iyo Kurongeka kweNyeredzi yePolar.
Kudzokera kuRussia, rostrovvich, atova mutungamiriri, anenge arongerwo kodzero yemunhuko uye nhamba yeruzhinji, haina kuratidza nzvimbo uye snobs. Kukumbira kwekutenderera kunoda kuteerera vana mune zvakajairika zvikoro, nguva dzose vakabvumirana papikicha nevateveri, havana kuramba chero zvikumbiro. Kuti uwane muimbi, pakanga pasina mutsauko mumarudzi anodzora chokwadi che biography - akabata zvese nekunzwisisa uye nekuremekedza.
Rufu
Muna 2007, hutano hweMestro yaishatirisa. Ainge akapatidzirwa kakawanda. Vanachiremba vakawana bundu rakaipa muchiropa. Kuvhiya kwacho kwakaitwa, iyo yakavimbiswa kuvandudzwa, asi zvipfuyo zvisina simba zvisina kugadzikana hazvikurumidzi kupora.
Musi waApril 27, 2007, muimbi ane hunyanzvi haana. Chikonzero cherufu chaive chirwere chinotyisa uye mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa. Kusvikira maminiti ekupedzisira, hama uye vanhu vepedyo vaive naye.
Ndangariro
Rufu rweMSTISLAV Rostropopopopopopopich harina kumisa kuvandudza kwemapurojekiti aakabata mimba. Shamwari dzakakwirira-dzinoshamisa uye vaanozivana vanotsigira nyaya dzakatanga naye mukati mehupenyu. Saka, chikoro muna 2004 muValencia inoshanda uye ikozvino. Mukurangarira mumugadziri, mutambo wegore negore remuedzo wechidiki unoitwa, unotumidzwa mukukudzwa kwake.
Muitiki akateedzera homwe inotsigira vadzidzi vane zvipo nezvakanyorwa uye kudzidza. Nhasi, Mutungamiriri wake mwanasikana wake Olga. "Vishnevsaya rostropovich inochengetwa nheyo ndiyo mupiro wevaridzi vechiimbi kusvika pakuvandudzwa kwemishonga yemimba, inotsigira mwanasikana waElena.
MuMoscow, muBryusiv Lane, chifananidzo kumunyori chinosimbiswa. Mukuremekedza muimbi wemumhanzi anozivikanwa wandei dzedzidzo yeRussia zita.
Awards uye mazita
- 1951 - Stalinsky degree II Mubairo
- 1955 - Honore Artist yeRSFSR
- 1964 - LenIn Mubairo
- 1964 - Ruzivo rwevanhu yeRsfr
- 1966 - Verence's Artist yeUSSR
- 1991 - Ruzivo rweHurumende rweRssr zvinonzi M. I. Glinka
- 1995 - State Mubairo weRussia Federation