Biography
Imwe yematare ekutanga edzimhosva dzematareji-avant-gardes yeSoviet Union, ayo akaisa mari yekushandisa nzira yekukwenenzvera uye akagadzira iyo yakasarudzika system, inonzi "Biomechanics". Vsevolod Meyer uye nhasi anoramba ari muenzaniso wefirimu neElite Elite, uyo asingade kuziva kugona kwavo mumujaho.
Maererano naEvgenia Vakhtangov, munyadzi "akapa midzi yemitambo yemberi." Muhupenyu hwake, akanzi Tenzi ne wizard yeimba yekutandarira. Asi kururamisira pasina chinofanira kukanganwika kuti Metra ane zvakaringana. Anodiwa muTheatre Nyika Nemarovich-Danchchenko akatarisa pakuedza uye kusika kuzvimba kwechidiki pamwe nehanya nekusagadzikana.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Karl Casimir Theodore Myergold akaberekerwa - uyu director chinonzwika senge nzvimbo yekuzvarwa, mumhuri yakakura yeWyemaker EmiergoldGoldGoldGool. Chirimwa chakaunza mhuri yerudzi rwevaGerman - hupfumi hweLutheani, asi kwete mufaro. Alvina Danilovna, maeerle mukadzi, anozvara mwana wechisere uye wekupedzisira, mwanakomana waCharles, akatambura nemurume wake, akatengesa, waasina kuvanza.
Huvedu uye vechidiki Meyers vakapfuura penza. Pano uye nhasi kuvakwa kweiyo 2nd Gymnasium kwakachengetedzwa, kwaakagamuchira Director Ruzivo. Akadzidza Karl zvakashata, aive achibva katatu kwegore repiri. Panzvimbo pemakore masere, mwanakomana wewaini-breader granite sainzi sainzi 11. Iyo chete mari yejaya iri rakanzi manheru aigutsa amai vaamai veguta rekugadzira. Iyo yekutanga mitambo yemitambo yeKarl yakawona pane imwe nzvimbo yekumba.
Kuwedzera Biography yeCharles Perling Inonakidza Chokwadi. Akaisa iyo yekutanga Amateur yekutamba na18. Zuva revagadzi raiita uye rinofara, uye rinochema: Musi waFebruary 14, 1892, nzvimbo yekugadzira yeMeyer Bvisa yekutanga nekuda kwemwanakomana wemwanakomana uye haana kufunga.
Pana 21, jaya rakazopera rakarambana nekare, rakagamuchirwa neOrthodoxy uye vakachinja zita rekuti mamirioni anomuziva nhasi. Mundavoti, akava, achipa mutero kune kuyemurwa kwemarara ake anodiwa.
Muna 1895, VSevolod Meyery Abhienda kuMoscow ndokupinda muYunivhesiti nekusarudza Jurispunience. Pashure pegore, akanzwisisa kuti mitemo inonyanya kuoma yakanga ineta nayo, uye yakakanda yunivhesiti.
Kuongorora mune Chikoro cheMimhanzi-Sramatic Chando, Vhura kuMetropolitan Philharmonic, Vselod vakapinda nekupenya: Vanoongorora vakanganiswa neine tarenda uye nekutsamwa kwePenza nugget, vakanyoresa pane iyo 2nd kosi.
Theatre
Vsevolod Meyiness "akarwara" iyo theatre kwete chete yekutenda kuna amai - kufungidzira kukuru pane jaya rakatamba "Othello", kununurwa na konstantin stanislavsky. Mutungamiriri akazova chifananidzo cheVselood yeHupenyu.
Mumakore evadzidzi, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko akapesvedzera tarenda penenenza, uyo akaisa mudzidzi wekunyora. Mudzidzisi akagovana nehurongwa hwezvevadzidzi nezvekugadzira mutoro mutsva muguta guru, pachikamu chacho chaizobvisa wadhi yake.
Mushure mekupedza chikoro, vvesvolod meyuto rakabatanidzwa muTaroupe yeMT. Director vakamupa basa reHamlet, Vasily Shuisky, Tsar John. Mashandiro akaiswa pamabasa aShakespeare neChkhovov. Nezuro, mudzidzi pakutanga airamba nemufaro, akanaka kwazvo muzvifananidzo zvemhare dzakasiyana-siyana, asi yakanga yakwana chete mwaka 4.
Chenjera kubva kuMhT Actor akatsanangurira kukurudzirwa kwekufeva, asi biographers Fonera chimwe chikonzero: Nemirovich - Danchachko haana kuunza murayiridzi weGare reMitambo Yechigovera. Uye kune iye chaiye, ndakapotsa, ndichiona nenzira yake yemutambo weSupbar naSinosatitsa.
Vesved Vsevolod akasiya MHT neAlexander Kosheverrov. Vatambi vakaenda kumabvure - Kherson, kwavakaronga yavo yemitambo.
Mundima, mabasa emunyori akatonhorera, asi mafeni akawanikwawo. Mwaka wemitambo unotanga munaSeptember 1902.
Pakutanga, zviitiko zvaiita kunge "zvakanyorerwa kure" kubva pane zvaitika zveMHT, asi munguva pfupi vaoneki vairangarira vakacherekedza "runyorwa" rwemutungamiriri. Vsevolod Meyiness, kusiyana neyadal yake stanislavsky, akasimbisa kwete pane psychologist uye kuzara kwemukati kwemutambo, asi nepurasitiki, varaidzo.
Stanislavsky, uyo akanzwa nezvebudiriro yeMuterani muKheron, akabayirwa nemumwe wechidiki kuti adzokere kuguta remugadziri wemitambo, akananga naye uye nemuroirovich-Danchchcheni. Vessosood akabva abvunza ndokumhanyisa kuMoscow.
Nekudaro, paDhropolitan Stage, VSevolod Meunters anoisa chete matatu ekuita. Uye kana Stanislavsky akagamuchira ruzivo rwevatinoshanda navo vachifunga, Nemirovich-Danchchuchko haina kudemba kusarongeka. Muna 1905, director aifanira kudzokera kuKheron.
Rombo rakanaka rakanyemwerera zvakare: gore gare gare akashanda muSt. Petersburg, kwandakadana Prima Vera Commissioner. Maererano neVashandi vanozivikanwa, mutariri wakananga kumitambo yemukuru pamukuru uye kwemwaka wakaratidza vateereri 13 zviitiko. Pano, avant-garde akabvuma kushanya.
Muzviitwa na1908 zveanorema vvesvest Meyer, kunyangwe padanho remitambo, kusvikira nguva pfupi yadarika vakatangazve zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa - Alexandrinsky.
Iyo yekutanga yeiyo yekupedzisira pre-shanduko yekuita yekuita yakapihwa munaFebruary yekushandura nzvimbo ye1917. Amai vakaisa lermontovsky masquerade.
Shanduko yemakore 43-yegore emagetsi emagetsi okunyora akabvuma kushingairira. "Baba vedanda idzva", sezvaakanzi, "Apo akadanwa, achida kugara nehurumende itsva uye pasina kunonoka akave nhengo yeWFB.
Padanho chaive chakavanzika-buff, vladimir mayoakovsky, iyo nzvimbo iyo yakadhonzwa neKazimir Malevich. Pamwechete naMayakovsky, Alexander Block, Nathan Alman uye vamwe vamiririri vetsika dzeganhuro, meyundo vakaona zvinangwa zvekuchinja pfungwa nevatungamiriri vatsva.
Muna 1920, iyo State State yakavhura gonhi muguta guru, uyo akagamuchira zita remudyire. Zvakapfupikiswa zvakadanwa vashanyi. Padanho rake, pakanga paine zviitwa pamabasa evaya vakatora marongero matsva evanyori - Yuri oleshi, Ilya Ehrenburg, Nikolai Erdman uye, chokwadi, Mayakovsky.
Shanyira Theatre yeZinayodha Reich, uyo akapedza nyeredzi Maria Bababov. Nekuda kwekukakavara kwemanzwiro neanofarira yemutungamiriri weBabanova, uye pamwe chete naye chetatu cheboka racho vakasiya Theatre. Mhosva iyi yaisamboparadzaniswa chete - iyo yakadzika uye yaidzvinyirira yaive yakasiyana uye ichindimiririra, yakamira pachikuva rusununguko uye rusina kutsungirira maonero emumwe munhu.
Pane fungidziro iyo Alexei tolstoy, ichigadzira nyaya yake yakakurumbira nezvePinocchio, akaona prototype yeKarabas-barabas chaiyo mechisimba, iyo maartist yaive mapepa. Rudzi rwepapa yakanaka carlo inoonekwa se stanislavsky.
Vsevolod Emilevich akaedza simba uye cinema. Paakaunti yake 3 yefirimu, maari akazviratidza semudiridzi uye mutambi. Mumabhibhi "mufananidzo weDorian grey" airidza Ishe Henry.
Kuvimbika kusimba hakuna kuita "diploma" yeMatra - pakati-1930s pamusoro wake makore akarwa makore. Akafungidzira kuti mugumo wake, asi haana kushandisa mukana wekutama, achiramba kugara muParis panguva yerwendo.
Munguva yechando ya1936, pepanhau "ichokwadi" yakaburitsa chinyorwa chinonzi "supbur panzvimbo yemimhanzi." Iyo Opera "Lady MacBett Mtsensky County" yakashoropodzwa, inopihwa neDisry SHOSSAKOVich, uye neAesthetics yake uye "Ruva Rinorambidzwa Kunyora uye Realism. Uye vese munyori anonzi "MeyerDesteschina".
Muzhizha regore rimwe chete, zita revagari venzvimbo dzeUSSR rakapihwa Stanislavsky, Nemirovich-Danchchenko, Kachazvo, Moskvin. Mune rondedzero yemubairo yakapihwa haina kuzobuda. Dheya rakamhanyira kuzoratidza kuti aive "wake", wanga achiri akatendeka kune simba. Padanho, pakanga paine zviitwa nezvemusha wePerima, magamba matsva akadzingirira.
Nekudaro, chishamiso hachina kuitika: Muna Ndira 1938, vashanyi vakavharwa. Kubva pamurayirwi akaora uye asina basa, vese vakambomurumbidza uye vaidada nezvake. Hukama naBoris Sarnak, akati wandei maartist uye vanyori vakaramba vakafanana.
Muna May, Stanislavsky akatambanudza ruoko rwebetsero yeVSevolod Meyeryhood, achigadza director yakananga neye opera imba.
Rufu rwemudzidzisi uye chidhori munguva yekutanga yemutambi akaziva semutambo wezvemunhu uye bheji rekutambudzika. Muna June 1939 akasungwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mumwe Wemumwe Woulta Wawakaroora rudo rwechikoro ndiVsvolod Epilevich, paakaroora zvisinei nekuda kwaamai veyunivhesiti - vakaunza murume wake kune vanasikana vatatu. Vakaroora vaigara muguta guru, vari mumba paNovinsky Boulevard.
NaAimbove mukadzi wekare sergei yesenina Zinaida the reich matt akasangana muNarkomprors, kwaakashanda semunyori. Akakoka kunaka kwerunako rwekuve mumutambo wemudzidzi, waitungamirwa.
Olga Gomo rakaita kuti mukadzi wechidiki aive nevana vaviri vaduku veEsenin mumaoko ake, nekunzwira tsitsi, nemufaro mumusha wavo. Muzhizha ra1922, mamirimita ane vana akaenderera zasi. Kana ndadzoka kubva pakuzorora, ndakaona kuti rive racho rikaramba rigere mumba. Olga aifanira kutsvaga pekugara kutsva.
Gare gare, mwanasikana waZinaida Reich - Tatiana Yesenin - Mune Memoirs yake akataura chokwadi akanyora kuti amai havana kunzwa rudo rwembeu. Vakanyura kuti kubatana neatirateni Madrah, vakatungamira yake yemitambo, yakavhura musuwo weBhohemia.
Makore 5-6 gare gare, Reime akazova mutariri wenguva pfupi yapfuura. Asi hupenyu hwevakaroorana hwacho hwakaoma kudaidza kuti rakabudirira: Vakatamba vanhu vaviri ava, asi zvido zveShakespeare zvakamutswa kuseri kwemasuo akavharwa.
Rufu
Zinaida Reime akauraya mazuva makumi maviri nemashanu mushure mekusungwa kwemunyori. Matsotsi akapinda mukati nepahwindo uye akakonzera mukadzi wemaronda gumi nematanhatu.
Zvinoenderana nefungidziro imwe, makororo akaendeswa kuimba, iyo ichiona mukadzi wacho akatanga kushevedzera. Mune vamwe, kuuraya kwakavhiringidzwa sekupamba. Zvinotenderwa, iyo NKVD yakaisa Paradhiso yenyaya yekuti panguva yekusungwa kwemumwe mukadzi iye akapomera zviremera mukupondwa kwaEsion.
VSevolod Mechitokosha Akapukunyuka Akapona: Mushure mekutambudzwa noutsinye, akapomerwa basa pajeri reJapan. MunaFebruary 1940 akapfurwa mune imwe yeasvikidzo yeLubyanka. Guruva rakapiswa mumukuru General pagono don monastery.
Maererano nerumwe ruzivo, chikonzero cherufu rwaDirector chakanyura mugomba nekusachena. Pamberi pemuchengeti uyu, akasiya nhandare pavana vake, vakatyora zvigunwe zvavo pamaoko avo. Mujeri yakachengetwa jasi rejeri, inogona kuonekwa kuti vverelod yepielvich sei uye yakaburitswa mutirongo.
Mujenya weMeyiness, Maria Valentine, pakati pa1950s akaiswa paguva reZinaida Reime Cemetery, chigaro chevatongi chakazadzwa zita rasekuru. Mukati me1956 akawana kugadzirwazve kwemutungamiriri. Nezve nzvimbo yekuvigwa kwake, valentine vakadzidza chete muna 1987.
Pakati pama1980s, amai vaamai vemunyika yaamai vakawana nzvimbo yemitambo yemitambo inonzi "MeayaTour House".
Theatre Inoshanda
- 1906 - "Balant"
- 1917 - "Masquerade"
- 1918 - "Chakavanzika-Buff"
- 1921 - "Kubatana kwehuduku"
- 1922 - "Gard Darridge"
- 1922 - "Rufu rweTarelkin"
- 1924 - "Mudzidzisi Babi"
- 1926 - "Roe, China"
- 1929 - "KLOP"
- 1930 - "HANYA"
- 1931 - "Kupedzisira Kuongorora"
- 1933 - "Nhanganyaya"
- 1934 "Mukadzi naKellassion"
- 1935 - "Bvisai"
- 1935 - "Muenzi Wemabwe"