Biography
Augusto Pinochet - Chilean General, Politician, Commander-In-mukuru weuto, Pro-American Decator. Sezvo tasvika pasimba nekuda kweiyo nyika coup, mauto Tyran svarc democrcaly yakasarudzwa hurumende yevanhu uye yakagumisa simba revagari. Iye munyori wezvekuchinja ane hupfumi akasununguka, akapa "chishamiso" chilean ", nhaka yake ichiri kushoropodzwa uye inoramba ichikweretwa.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Augusto José Ramon Paze Palp akaberekwa munaNovember 25, 1915 muCharanistrative Center valparaiso. Vabereki vake veAugusto Pinochet Vera naAlelina, Vazukuru veFrench naBasque, vakatamira kuSouth America pakutanga kwezana reXix. Baba vaishanda muchiteshi, pabasa retsika, amai vakatungamira hupfumi uye vakarera vana vatanhatu.
Mujaya hwake, Augusto akadzidza kuSeminari yeSt. Rafael, akashanyira The Catholic Intitute yeMaristro neChikoro cheChechi muValparaiso, uyezve muna 1931 akapinda muchikoro chechiuto muSantiago. Mushure memakore mana ekufunda nzvimbo yekuraira, jaya rakapedza kudzidza kubva kuimba yevacheche, vakagamuchira chinzvimbo cheJunior uye chakagoverwa muchirevo chekudyidzana, uyezve chinoshandurirwa muboka racho, rakanga riri mutaundi reValparaiso.
Muna 1948, Augusto akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake kuhondo yemauto, aifanirawo chinzvimbo chevakuru-mukuru wemusoro wemusoro uye akatanga kudzidzisa geography neGeopolitcs magazini "cien áigulas".
Basa rehondo uye coup
Pasina nguva, Pinochet akagadzwa naPurofesa uye akatumira kuEcuador kuronga maitiro ehondo. Mukuita kwekuita iyi mishoni, mumwe mukuru wechidiki akaramba achima sainzi yemauto. Achipedza makore matatu munzvimbo dzehutungamiriri muuto reChilean uye kudzorera zita reGomenal Commander, Augusto akatora chinzvimbo chemutevedzeri wedare reSantiago.
Muna 1968, mudzvanyiriri wenguva yemberi akazova mukuru-mubatanidzwa weChipiriso wechi 6, akagamuchira chinzvimbo cheBrigade General uye achigadza post yerapa re trouser reruvhuru.
Mushure memakore mana, Pinochet akatotungamira boka remauto ehondo yeSantiago, uye mushure mekurega basa reCarlos Prats rakazova mukuru wemauto ehondo yeChiale. Panguva ino, nyika yacho yaizununguka, huwandu hwedzimba dzemukati akasvikirana. Mauto akatora nyaya mumaoko avo uye mukudonha kwa1973, mushure mekuzivisa kuti hurumende isingateereri bumbiro, mutungamiri weEl Salvador.
Basa rePinochet mune zviitiko zvakaitika harwunzwisiswe zvizere. Mubhuku raMemoov, akapokana kuti ndiye Mukuru weChinoridzira zvinokonzeresa zviito zvemauto nemauto, uye vakuru vehondo mauto vakataura kuti mukuru-mukuru akabatana nekono ndokutora chikamu. Kutevera muenzaniso wevazhinji. Vanyori veMafirimu "muSantiago" anoenda kunaya "uye" husiku pamusoro pechile "vari kuedza kunzwisisa.
Mushure mekupwanya kwehurumende uye kuzviuraya, vanorangana vakagadzira muto wemauto, Pinocet vakatumira mauto mauto
Mitezo ina yakamiswa mhedzisiro yebumbiro uye basa reCongress uye vakatanga kuita mabasa ehurumende uye emutemo ehurumende, kuunza kutambudzika kwakasimba uye nguva yekuzorora. Kusvika munaDecember 17, 1974, mauto akadziva nyika, akamisa mabasa ake ezvematongerwo enyika, uye ipapo bhodhi racho rakaendeswa kune maoko aPinochet, iro, richityora chibvumirano cheChia cheChile.
Dare Rinodzora
Pakutanga kwebhodhi, Pinochet akaedza kubvisa vezvematongerwo enyika zvisina kugadzikana uye generals. Mukusiya basa rekumanikidzwa, mutungamiriri weAviation Lee, José Tororio Madino Akarasikirwa Simba rezvematongerwo enyika, uye musoro weshumiro rezvemukati memukati Oscar Bonilla pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu asinganzwisisike mumhepo yekupaza kwendege.
Mutungamiriri akagamuchira kutonga kwakazara pamusoro pehukadzi yekuzivisa mamiriro enguva yekukurumidzira uye kugadzirisa mitemo yemitemo nevakuru. Paramende uye mapato akarasikirwa nekodzero yekuvhota, uye iyo nyika yeCongress yakanyungudika.
Chile chakatamiswa kuutongi hwemauto, muvengi mukuru wevakaziviswa nemaCommunist. Izvi zvakateverwa nekudzvinyirira kwehutsinye, mukati mei vanhu vanenge zviuru zvitatu vakaurayiwa, uye vanopfuura chiuru vachiri kurasikirwa nekushaikwa, kuurayiwa kwekutanga kwakaitika kuNational Stadium muSantiago. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza nyika, Pinochet yakagadzirwa control control (Dina), uyo anozivisa vapikisi ehurumende itsva. Vezvematongerwo enyika vazhinji vasina kutsigira Mutungamiriri akafa kubva mumaoko evamiriri vehungwaru.
Hupfumi hwenyika hwakarongwa hwakagadzirwazve uye hwakaiswa munzira yekuchinja kwemusika hukama. Ipapo makotesheni ane mukurumbira weudzvanyiriri akaonekwa mumuchina:
"Tiri kuedza kushandura chile kuenda kune nyika yevaridzi, kwete Proletarians" "tinofanira kutarisira vapfumi kuti tivape zvimwe."Shanduko dzakatungamira kuchinja muiyo pension system, iyo kubva mukugoverwa yakaiswa mukuwedzera, uye hutano nehutano uye dzidzo dzakachinjirwa kune maoko pamusoro pemaoko. Entersiting Binishing mumakore eAllenti akadzokera kune varidzi vekutanga, izvo zvakakonzera kuwedzera bhizinesi uye kukurukurirana kukuru kwekufungidzira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo nyika yakanganiswa muhurombo uye kusaenzana kwevanhu.
Muna 1978, iyo isina mhosva pfungwa uye udzvinyiriri yePinochet, kusunungura iyo yakakodzera resolution. Mutungamiri wechile vakapindura neferendamu pane iyo inonyanya kutsigirwa simba riripo. Mushure memakore maviri, mutongi weyekutonga General Herman Gusman akagadzira Bumbiro reChile, richaitwa nehofisi yebasa remusoro wenyika yaive yakatemwa, uye nedare rekutonga uye kanzuru yekuchengetedza nyika yakagadzwa .
Aya matanho akapa kusikwa kweanopikisa zvombo musoro nevatungamiriri vepati dzeCommunist. Nhengo dzayo dzakatora manhamba akati wandei, imwe yeiyo yaive isina kubudirira kuedza pahupenyu hwePinochet, zvakaitwa muna 1986.
Takatarisana nekukura kurwisa kubva mukushora uye nenharaunda yedzimwe nyika, muna 1987, mapato ezvematongerwo enyika, akagadza sarudzo dzevatungamiri. Chisarudzo chekudzvinyirira chakakurudzirwa pamwe nemusangano nenhare yekutenda kweKatorike naJohn Paul, uyo akadana kuAugusto kudzorera nyika munzira yedemocracy.
Patambarasikirwa nevhoti muna Gumiguru 1988, mutungamiri wechihechi akasara kwegore rimwe semusoro wenzvimbo panzvimbo yeiyo yakarongwa makore masere-gore. Musi waKurume 11, 1990, Pinochet akapfuura manejimendi enyika kuenda kune yake yekugamuchira Patrico Eylvia Asokari, akagamuchira mavhoti mazhinji pane imwe huru referendamu. Mudzvinyiriri akaramba ari mukuru wehondo kusvika muna1998, uye akabva aimbirwa senyeredzi yeupenyu hwese.
Mukudonha kwa1998, Pinochet akatanga kusungwa panguva yekugara kwavo mukiriniki yeLondon, uye gore rakatevera kunyimwa muridzi wemba uye akadanwa nemhosva dzehondo uye zvehupfumi. Pashure pemwedzi 16 yekusungwa kumba, mudzvanyiriri wakatumirwa kubva kuUK kuenda kumusha kwavo, uko kuongorora muzviitiko zvematsotsi izvo zvine nzvimbo muzvikamu zvepafuro zvakatanga.
Semhedzisiro yemutungamiri wenyika, Chile akapomerwa kuuraya, abudirira, kushatisa, kutengesa zvombo uye kutengeswa kwezvinodhaka. Dare risati ratanga, Pinochet harina kurarama.
Hupenyu Hwako
Musi waJanuary 30, 1943, Pinochet akaroora Lucia Lucart Rodriguez, aine vana vashanu: Ines Lucia, Maria Varonika, Jacguline Marie, Augusto Osveldo naMarco Antonio. Muroora weudzvinyiriri aive mumiriri wemhando yakapfuma, ichiridza yakatanhamara muhupenyu hwezvematongerwo enyika hwenyika. Pakutanga, baba vaLucia vakapokana nemwanasikana wavo muchato, asi vakasimbirira.
Hupenyu hwemunhu hwepacheki hwaive hwakaenderana nebasa rake rezvematongerwo enyika. Mukadzi wacho akazova zano rinokosha kune mukuru, uye mumwe wevanasikana akaedza kuenderera mberi nenyaya yaBaba, achiva nhengo yemubato wekuchengetedza.
Pashure porufu rwemuchengeti wekare weChile, mhuri yake yaidzokororwa yakasungwa nekuhwanda mari nemutero. Nekudaro, kuedza kwemagwegwe zvakarega kutambudzwa. Nhaka yekudzvinyirira yaive nemamirioni makumi masere nemashanu emadhora, mukuwedzera, iye aive muridzi weibhurari yakakura umo zviuru zvemakopi emakopi akakosha uye asingawanzo aunganidzwa.
Rufu
Kutonga nemapikicha kunoitwa mukupera kwa1990 - Pakutanga 2000s, Pinochet akasiyaniswa nehutano hwakasimba. Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvekurapa, akasunungurwa kubva mukusungwa uye kushandurwa kusungwa kwebasa.
Musi waDecember 3, 2006, mudzidzisi wokutanga aive nechirwere, uye akaendeswa kune hanya zvakanyanya. Vhiki yakatevera, muparadzi wekufa kwezviuru zvevagari veChilean vakafa mumakamuri echipatara vakakomberedzwa nenhengo dzemhuri. Chikonzero cherufu chaive chekuzvimba kwemapapu anokonzerwa nekukundikana kwemoyo.
Musi waDecember 10, 2006, mapoka avanhu akaenda kumigwagwa yeSantiago nedzimwe maguta. Rufu rwePinochet rwakakonzera kuratidzira kwakawanda uye marara pakati pevapikisi veiyo general mode.
Zuva rakatevera racho, mutumbi wewaimbove mutungamiri waimbove wakamiswa pakuvakwa kwechiuto chechiuto muLas cances, uko mhemberero yekufamba. Guruva raPinochet akapa mhuri kuti vadzivise kusvibiswa kweguva.