Biography
Mufananidzo unopenya uye wakanaka kwazvo mune gallery yedhebrumrists - Maria nikolaevna volkonskaya. SaProscess Trubetskaya, akazviratidza muenzaniso wekuzvipira kusingaperi uye pfungwa yebasa, yabuda muSiberia yemurume, Prince Serkonsky mushure mezviitiko zvegumi naMac Zvita 1825. Akasiya mucherechedzo munhoroondo nemabhuku, achiva munyori we "zvinyorwa zve" zvinyorwa zve "Zvinyorwa zveMaria Volkonskaya", iyo yakafemera nhetembo Nikolai Nekrasov kuti ugadzire chikamu chechipiri chenhetembo "vakadzi veRussia".Hudu uye Vechidiki
Princess Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya (Nee Raevonskaya (Nee Raevonskaya Asi pane zvimwe data pazuva rekuzvarwa kwake - Ndira 6, 1806.
Iyo biography yemuchinda yakarongedzwa neine mupfumi uye inokudzwa pedigree. Baba Nikolai Nikolayevich Raevsky - Russian Communlion, General, Hondo Gamba 1812. Sophia Alekseevna Konstantinova's Amai - muzukuru weiyo Great Russian Scientist Mikhail Lomonosov. Mhuri iyi yakazvarwa vana 7 - 2 vanakomana nevanasikana vashanu. Vazhinji vavo vakaona mwenje mumakwikwi ehondo asingaperi emusoro wemhuri, umo akaperekedzwa nemurume wakatendeka.
Kubva kudivi raBaba, vana vakagara nhaka yekubva kuPoland (REVSKY BATERI (ROPA REMAHARA REMAKARA, VADZIDZISI VAKAWANDA), Junekuru Alxey Konstantinov , yaive chiGiriki neNyika).
Ropa rechiGreek raive rakaratidzwa pakuonekwa kwaMariya, mwanasikana wepengutimate weRaevsky. Dema uye yakasviba-ine dema, ine nyoro nyoro ganda, iye aive baba vaunoda baba. Masikirwo akamupa kune inzwi rakanakisa, uye mukuru akanyora mudzidzisi kubva kuItari kuti agare mwanasikana wake. Masha akawana dzidzo yekumba, ane zvakakwana neFrench neChirungu, akashora kuverenga, aifarira nhoroondo nemabhuku.
Mamiriro ekunze ari mumba meRaevsky, kunyangwe iyo yakasimba patrarchal chimiro, yaive inodziya uye ine hushamwari. Masisita akatarisa hama dzevakuru uye Baba. Manheru emanheru mushure mekudya kwemanheru, vaive muMusitis mukamuri rekugara. Uye kudzoka kubva kumabhora ane ruzha, akavharirwa mumabhawa ake, akanyora mumahara avo kana mwenje wechigadziro.
Muzhizha reNikolai Nikolayevich Raevaribly Ingariably vakatumira kunze kwenyika kumhuri yese muCrimea neCaucasus. Zvakaitika kuti vakaperekedzwa neArexander Sergeevich puskin, uyo akava shamwari naNikolai Nikolayevich panguva yekumaodzanyemba. Wakatove nezera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, Maria Nikolaevna akafadza, uye nhau pamusoro pekunaka kwake yakapararira muStrersburg Society.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kekutanga, moyo wokunaka wakapunzika paakabata maonero akanaka ehuputi mudiki murudo. Kufamba naRaevski muCaucasus muna 1820, Pushkin akatanga kufarira musikana wemakore gumi nemashanu uye haana kuvanza manzwiro ake. Zvinotariswa kuti Mary Revskaya zvakatsaurirwa munhetembo dzake dzeLyricaly yakanyorwa muLourn Links (pakati pavo - hamuimbe, akanaka, neni, "" pazvikomo zveGeorgia). Nekudaro, iyi vhezheni inodzoreredza vamwe vaongorori vekwavo uye biography yedetembi.
Zvisinei, chifananidzo cheMambokadzi volkonsky havazomukazve sepundu rekufungidzira kwedetembi. Iye achamutevera mugumo wake uye, achiyemura kwake chiitiko chemukadzi wake weDhamba, achapa mitsara mitsva kumukadzi wechidiki.
"Semudetembi, aifunga nezvebasa rake kuti ave murudo nevakadzi vese vakanaka nevasikana vadiki, vaakasangana navo. Mukukosha, akaona chete museum yake, "mafungiro ake anonyora gare gare mumamoirs ake.Mumwe Zadychal Maria Nikolaevna akave kuverenga Gustav Oolizar, nhetembo yePolish, iyo yaive panguva iyoyo mutungamiri wehukama hweboka reKiev. Kunofadza nezvinofadza zvemachinda madiki, girafu yakava muenzi wenguva dzose mune yeKiev House Raevsky uye muna 1823 vakatanga musikana. Nekudaro, akagamuchira kuna baba vake kuramba. Olizar akaonekwa zvakanyanya muhupenyu hwake, uye chifananidzo chemudiwa wake chakashambidza kwenguva yakareba pabasa rake.
Pashure pegore, Baba Maria vakagamuchira zvakare imba. Ino nguva, Prince Sergey grigorievich volkonsky, mumiriri wezita rekupedzisira uye rondedzero yekare yerudzi rwekare. Akashanyira nguva refu imba yeRevsky uye kuti yakadzvanywa sei nekuimba kunoshamisa kwaMariya, kuomesa musoro nhema.
Aive akura masha kwemakore makumi maviri uye mune yake 37 akashanda munharaunda yezvakakura zvikuru, iyo heroic akazviratidza muhondo dzehondo dzaJobho 1812. Panguva ino chikumbiro chakaitwa, uye muna Ndira 11, 1825, muchato wakaridzwa muKiev. Zvinotendwa kuti Maria Raevsky akaroora chishuwo chake, asi pakuomerera kwababa vake, avo panguva yemamiriro ezvinhu ezvinyorwa zvekushayara aida kuti mugumo waanoda mwanasikana wake waaida.
Honeymoon yakaitwa muGurzuf, saka nhevedzano dzisingaperi dzekuparadzaniswa dzakatanga: Volkonsky yasara dzidziso, Maria, atove nhumbu, akaenda kuOdessa kuti afeme mweya wekudaidzira. MunaDecember 1825, volkonsky zvakapa mukati mavo muUmani, vakatora mukadzi wake, ndokuenda nazvo kumba kwababa vake muKiev, akabva ipapo.
Kuchiva kweDenga kwakaitika musi waDecember 14, 1825 pane Senate Square ye St. Petersburg, Maria hapana chaaiziva. Haana kushivirira nhumbu yake. Musi waJanuary 2, 1826, mwanakomana waNicholas akabereka mubhedha wechipatara kwenguva yakareba.
Akadzidza nezvekusungwa kwemurume wake pedyo neuchirimo uye akabva atumira tsamba kune iyo petropavlovsk nhare ine chinangwa chekuparadzanisa chidimbu chake, kunyangwe kana jeri rinotyora. Volkonsky vakapindura kuti
"Haatomboda kutarisira kuti zvichawana mufaro wakadai."Katorga muSiberia
Mutsara wekunyepedzwa wakaitwa musi waChikunguru 12, 1826, maererano naye, Muchinda weVolkonsky akabatwa nemhosva yemakore makumi maviri emaSiberia cortics. Akadzidza nezvazvo, Maria akataura zvishoma nezvishoma. Mushure mezvose, mwedzi iyi yese aifanira kutsungirira kushungurudzwa nemhuri yake - Baba, Amai naHama Alexander, avo vaida kuti mukadzi abve mumuchato unonyadzisa, uchisimbirira kurambana.
Vanotera vakahwanda kubva kumambokadzi, mavara akanganisa, anorambidza murume wake nehama dzake. Asi Maria, akaramba achirarama zvipingamupinyi zvese, anonyora Changamire kuna Nikolai ini, chikumbiro chekubvumidza kutevera Sergey uye kugamuchira mhinduro yakanaka. Kusiya gore rimwe chete-gore rekutarisira vamwene, Maria Volkonskaya anoenda kuSiberia. Baba vaishuvira vakavimbisa kutuka mwanasikana wake anodiwa, kana asingakwanise kudzoka gore gare gare.
Mukadzi akauya kuzororo, uyo wakatora deptrists, February 11, 1827. Kusangana nemurume wake kwaive kwakamirirwa kwenguva refu uye kwakaoma panguva imwe chete. Maria akaona Sergeoriyel grigorievich, akasungwa mumasango, uye mukukurudzirwa kwemanzwiro akatanga kutsvoda zvigunwe, uyezve zvake. Muchinda panguva iyoyo akawira zvizere muMweya uye akarwara zvakanyanya. Kusvika kwemukadzi wake kwakavandudza kugara kwake zvakanaka.
Volkonskaya vakagara mumba imwe chete nemukadzi weumwe waDhembrist Catherine Trubetskoy. Svondo revhiki dzakayerera, vakadzi vakatungamira purazi, kudzidza kuponesa pazvinhu zvese. Maria Nikolaavena akatora chisungo chekunyora tsamba dzevatariri vavo.
Pakupera kwegore, machinda maviri aya akatamira kune chekubiridzira. Munyama yehupamhi hwenyu hwakakurumidza kuendesa varume vavo. MuChita, Maria Nikolayevna anotarisira kuti akati wandei kuputika kwekutora kamwechete. Pakutanga, muna Kurume 1828, vamwe vanomiririra vamwene vakamuudza nezverufu rwemabvi ake. Iyo yakapwanywa mare maria kuitira kuti usaenda kunopenga, inokumbira mambo kuti amubvumidze kugara muakakomberedzwa kusvika kumurume wake uye anogashira mvumo.
Muna 1829, kurova kutsva - kufa kwaBaba. Hutano hwake hwakadzedzereka zvakanyanya nekuda kwezviitiko zvine chekuita naMaria, asi pamberi pekufa kwake paakakanganwira mwanasikana wavo. Uye kufa, kutarisa mufananidzo waifarira, akabvuma kuti "Maria ndiye mukadzi anoshamisa kwazvo aiziva." Amai, vane hunhu hwakaoma, havana kukanganwira mwanasikana wake, pamwe nehama nehama dzechidiki Sophia. Vadiwaya vakanyora chete vakakura hanzvadzi Catherine naElena.
Musi waChikunguru 10, 1830, Maria akazvara mwanasikana Sophia, akafa pazuva iro. Kubva pane imwe nzvimbo isina kuzadzikiswa, mukadzi wacho akabuda akatenda nekufamba kutsva - mune petrovsky chirimwa. Pano, vanenge vashatiridzo vakabvumidzwa kurarama pakugara kwemahara pamwe chete nemadzimai avo mudzimba dzemapuranga. Ipapo dangwe reVolokonsky Mikhail (1832) rakazvarwa, uye mwanasikana waNelli (1834).
Muna 1835, Sergei Grigorivich kubva kuKarenda pabasa rehutano, uye mumwe wake akawana kutamira kwavo kumusha weUrik kugara pedyo neDr. Wolf, ane masevhisi avo. Vakaroorana vakavaka imba yezhizha "Kamachnik" muUST-Kudow, kwavakatora vaenzi vasingawanzo.
Mukati meurika, vanokuvadza A. SODAHIo, M. Lunin akararama. Ivo vaviri vaive shamwari hombe dzemhuri yeVolkonsky uye, inotendwa kuti yakanzwa manzwiro aMariya. Uye kana yekutanga yaive murudo nemuchinda akanyatsojeka, ipapo pakati penzira uye volkonskaya, maererano nevamwe vanyori venhoroondo, pakanga paine hukama hwerudo. Nekudaro, Maria Nikolaevna's Biographers inoramba chokwadi ichi.
Achigara muUrick 8 makore, Maria Volkonskaya muna 1845 akagamuchira mvumo yekutamira kuIrkutsk. Pano akatsanangura vana munharaunda yejymnasium uye akabatana nehupenyu hwenyika, akatanga kushanyira vafundisi, uye pasina nguva, akatanga kuvhura salon yake, pamwe chete nemuchinda trubetska.
Kamwe padyo nevasikana vasikana vava nengozi uye vabvisa mumwe nemumwe. Pakupedzisira, vakadzi vakakwira, vasina kugovana imba yekubatira, pane iyo maziso ese ari maviri.
Panguva ino, hutano hwaMaria Nikolaavena Woresens. Hazvina kuzobuda mumba nekuda kwekurwiswa kunoitika kwairi kuchitonhora. Kurumidza kuona kuti kuguma kwevana uye muna 1850 akaroora mwanasikana waElena (Beclly) kune iyo yepamutemo Dmitry Molchanova, kunyangwe mukurumbira wake wakashata munharaunda.
Muna 1855, Alexander II anodzokera kuchigaro cheRussia. Amnesty yava kusvika 1856, apo vanenge vakasunungurwa vanonyengera vachibva Siberia. Iyo princess Maria inosiya zvishoma zvisati zvaitika nekuda kwehutano husina simba uye inogara kuMoscow kumwanasikana wake, uye volkonsky vanosvika ipapo.
Rufu
Mumakore achangopfuura, mukadzi akafamba zvakanyanya. Mwanasikana akamiswa sekondari, chirikadzi muna 1857, for the diplomat Nicholas Kochuy. Akaroora mwanakomana wake pamuchuchinja Erizabheti volkonskaya, muchato wakaitika muGeneva. Sezvo ashanyira Roma paguva raamai nehanzvadzi eElena.
Maria Nikolaevna zvizere zvishoma nezvishoma mushure mekufa kwemuzita aAlexander ndokufa muna 1861, munzvimbo yemukwasha mune funcels (Chrnihv Province). Sergey volkonsky yaive panguva ino yekuenda kunze kwenyika, akafa, akaputswa nemucheka, muna 1865.