Biography
Ndima yeChechen Republic yakaenda kumutungamiri wayo wekuzvizivisa ASLAN MASKHADOV RAZARDEN. Nyaya yacho inotaura kuti matambudziko akawira pasi kune chikamu chevanhu vechechi, kwete pasina kutora chikamu cheiyi mutemo. Kusuwa kukuru kweMaskhadov mune Duet naShamil Basuyev kwakonzera kuRussia: Zvinoonekwa sekuti zvinobatanidzwa muDubrovka magandanga kurwiswa uye muBeslan. Zvakangodaro, chiitiko chepamutemo hachina kuzivikanwa segandanga.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Aslan Aliyevich Maskhadov akaberekwa musi waSeptember 21, 1951 mumusha waShokai weKazakh Soviet Socievalist Recivist, mumhuri yevakadzoserwa chechens. Pamusoro peAsan, vabereki vakarera vana vashanu, ivo vanakomana vechando, aslambek naLema, vanasikana vakunda bhovazan.
Muna 1957, mushure mekudzoreredzwa kweChechen-Inguru Assr, MaskhaDov vakadzokera kunzvimbo yekuzvarwa uye vakagara mumusha weZubir-yt yeDunhu reNadtera. Pano muna 1968 Aslan akagamuchira diploma yedzidzo yechipiri.
Aslan Maskhadov aida kuve mauto kuti abatsire iyo sababa kutarisana nevapambi vekunze. Kune izvi muna 1969, mumwe murume wechidiki akapinda muTbilisi akakwira Artillery timu chikoro, muna 1972, mushure mekugamuchira diploma, akaenda kunoshanda mudunhu reMabvazuva ari kure. Kwemakore matanhatu, sevhisi yakakurumidza kufambiswa nemanera rebasa, asvika pamutevedzeri wemutungamiriri wezvipiriso zvezvipiriso.
Iyo yekuraira yakagashirwa muuto "yebasa revaAmazi mumauto eUSM. Mubvunzurudzo nepepanhau "Komsomoleskaya pravda", iyo Maskhadov vaunodzidza navo vakarondedzera seizvi:
"Kusvika kune vatungamiriri havana kurwira. Pakanga pasina kushingairira kweMuslim, Quran haana kuverenga. Aida kumwa. "Akapedza kudzidza kubva kuAsanlacademy nekukudzwa. Ndangariro dzevanoshanda navo uye vandaidzidza navo pamusoro peMaskhadav simudza bhuku rinonzi "rukudzo rwezvinopfuura hupenyu." Kuunganidzwa, kuwedzera kune zvinyorwa uye mavara, zvinosanganisira mafoto kubva kumhuri uye zvirongwa zvehondo.
Basa rehondo uye zviitiko zveNyika
Kunyangwe muhudiki hwaMaskhadavov akatsvaga kuhutungamiri. Iyo Artillery Regint, uyo aive ari pasi pechirevo chake muHungary, akadzokororwa kupiwa mureza mutsvuku wekanzuru yemauto ebasa rebasa. Unyanzvi hwekungwarira uye hwekurwisa hunobvumidzwa 1992 kusvika Colonel.
Nekudonha kweUSSR, mamiriro ari pakati peiyo idzo nyangwe fundo dzepublickets. Dzidziso dzakadzidziswa uye dzidzo, dzakatadza kuparadzana neRussia, dzairwira ndima yacho. Hondo dzechechi dzakava imwe yemakakatanwa makuru.
Muna 1992, Joar Dudaev, mutungamiri weChenk Recen Recuredz Republic (CRI), akagadzwa Maskhadov nemusoro weChikweya Civil Defense. Muhondo yekutanga chechen ya1994-19996, Maskhadov yakapinda mumusoro wemukuru wedzimba dzemahofisi emauto emauto. Imwi ndeayo yaive mirayiridzo yaakateererwa, ichipinda muhondo nehondo dzeRussia, kwaive kurwa kwe grozny muna1996 pamabhesi ayo.
Muna 1995, hofisi yemuchuchisi weRussia Federation akapomerwa Maskhadov mukushungurudzwa chinzvimbo chepamutemo, mukutengesa nyika uye banditism uye iyo yaive yakarangwa nemutano werufu. Mutungamiri wemauto akaziviswa.
Pasinei nekutyisidzirwa kweenzara kwekusungwa kana kana kufa, munaNovember 1996 Maskhadov vakazivisa chinangwa kuti vamirire muzvipfumbamwe zveRepublic. Mukwikwidzi wake mujaya esarudzo ndiye gamiland shamil basuv. MunaJanuary 1997, neiyo vhoti mizhinji (59.3%) yeMaskhadov yakaiswa musoro weCRIS. Mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, Shamil Basuyev akagadzwa kugadzwa Mutungamiriri wake.
MuMaskhadov, mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika emukati muChechnya akaomesesa zvakanyanya. Vanhu vaigara mumaguta akaparadza uye nemisha, isina mvura, magetsi uye kuwanikwa kwemvura. Pakanga pasina kurapwa. Nekuda kwezvinhu zvisina kunaka-zvemhando yepamusoro uye antisanitars, Republic yakarongwa mune zvirwere. Nzara inobudirira. MuChindergartens, zvikoro uye mayunivhesiti, mahwindo nemasuo zvakanakidzwa. Avo vakanga vaine nzira dzekutama, vakatiza kubva kuChechnya.
Kuganhurika kwakasvitswa kwasvika pamutsetse muRepublic. Vanhu vakabayiwa mwoyo zuva nezuva, kuputika kwakatyinhira, moto waenda. Zvinodhaka zvakange zvakatengeswa pachena, mabhiri ekunyepedzera aidzokorora, ChiIslam Chikuru chakakurudzirwa.
Chechen vane hutano vakazvipira zvombo pamusangano weRussia, inokwezva maMuslim mauto ari mumapoka avo. MuRepublic of the North Caucasus, semuenzaniso, Dagestan, Karachay-Charchssidaa, Balkaria-Balkaria yaive nzira yekuparadzaniswa uye anti-Semitism.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mutemo wemukati weMaskhadov akaumbirwa kuPastabillization yeiyo Chechen Sitay, kukurudzira kuvenga varwi vehurumende. Saka, pane caucasus TV chiteshi, Slogan yakaparadzirwa:
"Hatina kuenzana." Isu tese tiri fungidziro.Batisisa, Russia - tinoenda! ".
Pakazosvika 1998, mamiriro ezvinhu aive kunze kwekutonga kweMaskhaDav: Mauto anopikisa evilitants akaoneka muC. Mapoka makuru akakura aive akananga naSalman Raduyev, vamiriri vakakurumbira veChute magandanga, uye shamwari dzake Shamil Basuyev and Amir Ibn Al-Hattab.
Kuti ubatsirwe muhondo mhiri kwematsotsi maskhaDow kukwiridzira kuRussia. Iyo nyika inopindira kana muna Nyamavhuvhu 1999 Basiyev naHattab vakapinda mundima yeDangastan. Ministry of Yemukati yeMukati yeFederation yakatumira tsamba kuMutungamiri weCheni Republic nechikumbiro chekuvandudza nzira yekubviswa kwevaridzi vehondo, asi akaramba ari parutivi rwehondo.
Kana Republic yakarembera pamusoro peRepubigment mushandirapamwe wechipiri, Maskhadov akaita nenzira dzese dziripo. Aitsvaga rutsigiro rwevatungamiriri veIndia uye North Ossetia, akapomera Russia mukuwedzera mamiriro acho muChechnya uye panguva imwe chete yakataurwa.
Aslan akakumbira musangano wega neRussia Prime Prime Mutungamiriri Vladimir Putin, zvisinei kuti akafunga nekukurumidza kutumira kushanda kuti abvise malitants. Federal mauto akapinda mundima yeChechnya musi waGunyana 30, 1999. Mutungamiriri weRepublic, zvisati zvaitika, uchitsvaga rubatsiro mukurwira magandanga, vakabatana nevarume vehondo naHattab yehondo neRussia.
Padivi reMaskhadov, vanhu vanobva kuSaudi Arabia, Pakistan, Turkey naAl-Qaida vakarwa. Mauto Maskini Aslan Maskhadov akatungamira pachangu. Musi waGumiguru 23, 2002, 916 vanhu vakabatwa kuTheater Center yeMoscow. Nekuda kwekusungwa kwemazuva matatu nekushanda kweusununguko, vanhu zana nemakumi matatu vakafa. Mutoro wezvakaitika naShamil basuyev vakatora.
Mumwe wevarwi vakatora chikamu mukubata kwevashandi vanonzi MaskhaDov vakaisa ruoko rwake kugadzirira kurwiswa kwehugandanga. Mutungamiri weChechen Republic pachavo akaramba kubatikana kwake uye akatyisidzira kufambisa basiyev sechirango, asi haana kutora zviito zvepamwoyo.
Musi waSeptember 1, 2004, pakanga paine kurwiswa kwehugandanga kukuru munhoroondo yeRussia yemazuva ano: vanhu 1128, kunyanya vadzidzi vechikoro №1 Belan, vaive nehondo. 314 Vanhu, kusanganisira nevana 186 vakafa munhamo iyi. Mutoro wekurwiswa wakatorerwa Shamil Basuyev. Musi waSeptember 17 yegore rimwe chetero, Russia akataura kuti aive neuchapupu hwekubatanidzwa muAslan MaskhaDist kurwiswa. Muna 2006, North Ossetia yakamudaidza mumwe wevatengi vekurwiswa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kusiyana nebasa rezvematongerwo enyika, hupenyu hweAslan Maskhadov asiri kupokana. Muna 1972 akaroora Kusama Yazeduvna Semieva. Mushure memakore manomwe, vakazvarwa mutungamiriri - mwanakomana Anzor, muna 1981 - mwanasikana waFatima.
Iyo inofungidzirwa kuti muna 2002, Aslan akapinda mune yechipiri muchato ane chengetedzo yemusha wesaisha, asi hapana ruzivo rwakavimbika pamusoro pazvo.
Rufu
Mushure mekurwiswa kwehugandanga muBeslan, iyo FSB yeFederation Federation yemamiriyoni mazana matatu emamirioni emashoko anozobatsira kubvisa Basuev uye anozvizivisa mutungamiri weChechen Republic. MunaNovember 2004, zviremera zvakazivisa kutanga kwekushanda kwakakosha pakubata kwemagandanga. Aslan Maskhaadov akafa muna Kurume 8, 2005 mukamuri rechechi yeTolstoy-yt. Pane shanduro dzinoverengeka dzekufa kwemutungamiri wenyika isingazivikanwe Chers.
Maererano neruzivo rwepamutemo, musi waKurume 8, Maskhadov, pamwe chete nemuchina, wakarongwa kuputika muchivako chekutungamira kwekumaruwa. Pazuva rekurwisa kwehugandanga, nhamba yacho yakavanda mukamuri repasi pehama yake iri kure, kwaakawanikwa nemabasa akakosha. Kuputika kwaishandiswa kutora iyo nyika tsotsi. Inofungidzirwa kuti Maskhadov akafa kubva kune akawanikwa anodzvanya.
Gare gare mumuviri weAsan, ronda reronda raiwa rakawanikwa, rakazouyisa. Migumisiro yekuongorora kwebhola yakaratidza kuti bullet yakaburitswa kubva kuna Makarov pistol, yaive yemuzevera uye muchinda maskhadov Vuchan Hatzhimulatov.
Pakutongwa, muridzi wechitoro akavhiringidzwa muuchapupu. Akangoreurura pachezvake nezviito, achireva chikumbiro chababamunini kuti amuuraye
"Kana akakuvara uye akaedza kutora nhapwa. Akataura kuti kana achibata, ipapo pamusoro pake angasekwa seSaddam Hussein. "Maererano nezvimwe zviratidzo, Vuchan akarasikirwa akasikwa kubva mukuputika, uye paakamuka, Maskhada akatourayiwa. Musoro wazvino weChechnya Ramzan Kadyrov akataura kuti iyo Russian Special Services yaida kutora matsotsi emupenyu, asi
"Varindi, sezviri pachena, vachiita kufamba kwakapinza, kwakapfura zvoga."Mushure mekubviswa kweMaskhaDav FSB yakabhadhara madhora gumi emadhora emari isingazivikanwe, iyo yakataura nguva nenzvimbo yekugara Aslan. Nekudaro, mwanakomana wake Anzor akaudza Pressed Press kuti Baba vake vakazvimiriri vakaburitsa nzvimbo yayo nekukurukurirana kazhinji. Kufungidzira kumwechete kwakaratidza Shamil basuyev.
Shanduro dzose dzerufu rwezvemativi ezvematongerwo enyika, pamwe nezvinyorwa zveavo, padivi neyeMaskhadov, akagadzirisa chechen Republic, akafukidzwa mugwaro renzvimbo "(2017).