Biography
Ivan Pushchin - Mucheri uye shamwari yepedyo Alexander puskin. Akange ane rombo rakanaka kuve mudzidzi uyo anga achangovhura lycum mumusha weumambo, ayo akapesvedzera zvakakomba biography yejaya. Pushchin akatora chikamu mumhirizhonga paSeneti Square uye akaendeswa kunzvimbo dzegoridhe kuSiberia.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ivan Ivanovich Pushchin akaberekwa muna Chivabvu 15, 1798 muMoscow. Mukomana aive wemhuri inozivikanwa, achitaura kuti ndeipi mune zvakaitika kare ezana ramakore regumi nematanhatu. Sekuru vake vaipokana neSenator, baba vake vakatora chikamu muhondo yeTurkey-yeTurkey, vakapedza basa racho muzvimisikidzwa. Alexander Mikhailovna's Amai vaive venyuranga ranyura reRyabinin. Paive nevana gumi nevaviri mumhuri yepamusha. Zvimiro zvemari zvezvitsauko zvake zvakadonha na 1825.
Muna 1811, Ivan akapiwa kudzidziswa muTsarsko Seeli Lycen. Ikoko akaunza hushamwari naAlexander pushkin, Wilhelm Kuhelbecker, Anton Delvig nevamwe vadzidzi. Pushchin yaive jaya rinokweva uye rakapetwa-rakapetwa vasiri kunyimwa matarenda. Akawanikwa zviri nyore nedzidzo. Akadzidza nhoroondo nerudo, aifarira chimiro chehurumende yenyika dzakasiyana uye nehupfumi hwavo.
Unyanzvi hwekukurukurirana zvine hama zhinji nehanzvadzi dzakabatsira kukurumidza kuwana mutauro wakajairika wechikwata. MuRycum, akapotsa hanzvadzi dzekare dzakarererwa nekuda kwekurerwa kwake nekuda kwekuti amai vacho vakatambura nedambudziko repfungwa. Muboka revanhu vakomana, vachangobva kurudziro raikurwa vakakurumidza kugamuchira mazita mazita. Ivan akatanga kufonera Jeanno.
Pushchin aifarira shamwari dzinozvinyaradza, pfungwa dzekuseka uye hunhu hwakanaka. Haana kunyora nhetembo, asi akanzwa tarenda dzakatenderedza vamwe uye aive mumwe wevakatanga kutarisa tarenda re pushkin. Ivan akabatsira shamwari inosemesa kuti ishumire hukama nechikwata. Makore eLyceum kweanopedza kudzidza kweTsarskolsky vedzidzo institution yakazove achisarudzira muhupenyu. Pushchin yakanga isina kusarudzika.
Basa reMauto
Mugore rekupedza kudzidza, Pushchin akajekesa nemukuru weiyo lycum, iko kuvapo kwevadzidzi vakazivisa chishuvo chekuzviedza mubasa remauto. Izvi zvine vanhu vanenge gumi, uye Ivan akabatana navo. Vechidiki vaigara vachiita vamiriri muGusar manege uye vakagadzirira sevhisi.
Sezvo apedza kudzidza mune lycum, pushchin akafunga kuita basa rehondo uye akatsanangurwa muBhiza-mu-Guard Gunner yehupenyu hwehupenyu. Ivan akagamuchira chinzvimbo chevakuru nevarindi vunifomu. Musi waGumiguru 29, 1817, iyo yekugara yehusaiti yakatanga kushandira chinzvimbo chekunyika. Musi waApril 20, 1820, akasimudzirwa ku-subiler, uye muna 1821-1822 akatotora chikamu mumushandirapamwe muAltillery chikamu.
Chinangwa chechiitiko chaive chekubvisa "mweya wakasununguka", zvakatangira muvarindi. Ivo vagere vakasvika kuumambo hwePoland uye vakadzokera kuSt. Mushandirapamwe haana kuunza mhedzisiro, uye mweya weBunar mumakorari ehondo haiveresi.
Musi waDecember 21, 1822, Ivan Pushchin akava muridzo uye akasarudza kusiya basa remauto. Kwakakomberedza vaivimba kuti vakapedzisa basa rake nekuda kwekunetsana nehama yamambo, Mikhail Pavlovich, akatonga dhipatimendi reArtirelery. Pushchin akatambira chirevo nezve kusarudzika kudiki kwakaitwa muchimiro.
Asi kutarisira kubva pabasa kunoitwa naye nemaune. Akatoronga kushandura kunzvimbo yakaderera mumapurisa, achiva nekota yemaruwa. Asi iko kwekupedzisira kwakatanga neimwe nzira. Ivan akagamuchira chinzvimbo mune iyo St. Petersburg Crimy Karmy uye akashanda semutongi muDare reMoscow rekutakura. Iyi chinzvimbo yakafungidzirwawo isingakoshi pakati pevakuru, asi iyo Pushchina yakafarira basa rake.
Zvemagariro zviitiko uye kumuka kwevanorwiswa
Mukufananidza nebasa guru, jaya iri raifarira pfungwa dzevanorwadzi. Nepo Lycist, aive aine "Artled Tsvene", yakavakirwa muna 1814. Pamwe chete nedzimwe nhengo dzemahara, vakatora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwesangano rezvinyengero "mubatanidzwa woruponeso".
Yaisanganisirawo vavanodzidza navo Ivan: Anton Delvig, Wilhelm KüheHecker nevarindi vevatariri, pakati pavo Dhembe, neDeter Kolosos. Saka pushchin yaibatanidzwa mubasa rezvakavanzika munharaunda yevasina kurohwa. Iye aive nhengo ye "mubatanidzwa wavahedheni" uye "Norufu Nenharaunda".
Musi waDecember 14, 1825, Ivan pushchin aive pakati pedzimwe desembrists muSenate Square. Akaona zvaiitika uye pakati pevatori vechikamu vakaona mukuru mukuru. Achisarudza kuti aimbopenya, Ivan aive kure naye, asi mumwe munhu akakwanisa kurwadzisa murume. Izvo zvakakosha zvisingazivikanwe, kunyangwe iyo Pushchin yaibatanidzwa mukuyedza, uye basa re "zvinyorwa zve'unyengeri" hazvina kujekesa mubvunzo. Asi zvimwe zviitiko zvakatsamwiswa nemukana uyu.
Pushchina akasungwa, pamwe nedzimwe nhengo dzekuchamhembe nzanga, akagumisa muna Petro naPaul nhare. Pakubvunzurudza, akaramba achimanikidza, haana kuenda kunodyidzana nevanoongorora, saka dare raiziva mhosva yekuronga kuponda kwamambo. Sezvo takatemerwa nematsotsi munyika, iyo Pushkin yakatongerwa rufu kuburikidza nekuderera. Chirango chakanyoroveswa, chakashatisa chinhambwe chemahwendefa uye chete pakarepo muSiberia. Mushure menguva yekushandira mutsara yakaderedza kusvika makore makumi maviri.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vazhinji vakatenda kuti Ivan pushchin yaive yakagutsa bachelor. Maonero ake ehupenyu hwake hwemhuri yake aive akachengetedza, uye kusarura kwakasimba kwakaitika. Pushchin akatenda - Imba chete, yakavakirwa pamoyo, inogona kufara. Iye murume aifara nevakomana kana vakadzi. Hupenyu hwake hwga hwakagutsikana.
Chokwadi chinonakidza chekuti shamwari dzevanyengeri vakava nhau dzinopesana kuti, zvinopesana nemugari wenheveve, murombo, murombo Yakutka, akava mudiwa Ivan Ivanovich mune chinongedzo. Muna 1842, mwanasikana waAnna akaonekwa pasi. Baba pakuzvarwa vaisapo pakuzvarwa, kubva panguva iyoyo vaive muchikepe kuTobolsk pakurapwa.
Kuzvarwa kwemukunda kwaivanda munharaunda. Musikana akadana baba vaNiBabamunini, asi iyo Pushchin yaida kwazvo. Anna akakwiridzwa muYalutorovsk Nsenia. Pana13, achiri kuyaruka akaendeswa kuNizhny novgorodhi, kwaaive neyakajairwa, director weSangano. Musikana uyu akasiyaniswa nemamepu ekugadzira uye anogona kuzadzikiswa padanho, asi hazvina kufanira kuitika: Anna akafa aine makore makumi maviri, nguva yakaoma yekuroora.
Pushchin aisada kuwana mukadzi wake. Mitemo yakanyangarika, hukama nevanhu vanovambiriro zvaiita seanobatsira. Vakadzi vanoyemura Ivan Ivanovich uye haana kutya kupokana naye. Haana kuve mukadzi weDhemberi uye Droushid kyhehelbecker, iyo Pushchin yakatora hanya yake mushure mekufa kweshamwari. NOOLLE nemusikana wechiNondescript akapedzisira aine nhumbu uye kuberekwa kwemwanakomana waIvan.
Muchato Pushchina, akaitirwa muna 1858, akazarurirwa kuti vadiwa, nekuti kuzvidavirira kwake kwemuchato kwaive ngano. Mukadzi weDhambadzi akava Natalia Dmitrievna fonvin. Mukadzi uyu aive akaroora Mikhail fonvin, asi imba yakazova isingafare.
Mukadzi akamutevera muchiranidzo uye, achisangana nemanzwiro ePushchina, akazeza maitiro ekuita. Aifarira kuita bato kuIvan Ivanovich, uye hukama hwerudo hwakatanga pakati pavo. Kusiyana nevamwe vadikani, Fononvin's Paustushina yaFoinonino aisada kurarama muchivi. Musoro waNatalia Dmitrievna hauna kushushikana, uye iyo Pushchina yaifanira kuroora. Muchato wakaitika muchivande.
Rufu
Mazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu mushure mekureva iyo Pushchin muMaryino, munzvimbo yemumwe mukadzi. Akafa mwedzi mishoma mushure memuchato, Kubvumbi 15, 1859, ane makore makumi matanhatu. Chikonzero cherufu chaive chisikwa: chembere. Guva romuchina riri kuBronnits kuThe Cathedral Mikhail mumhuri Crypt yeFonVic.
Zviitiko zvekuverenga zvekushandisa Pushina hazvina kugutsa mukuenzanisa neshamwari dzake paLycum, uyo anga atove muNhetembo dzepedyo. Seyakawana nhaka, iyo yakasara mushure mekufa kweIvan Ivanovich, venhoroondo vanoti Ewenzvimbo yake Epitoralary, zvinyorwa nezve pushkin, maari akarondedzera hushamwari nehukama nehutembi. Iye, akazvitsaurira kuLyceum comrade "shamwari yangu yekutanga" nhetembo.
Nhasi, mufananidzo wePushchina unogona kuoneka mune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvemabhuku pakati pemifananidzo yemamwe anozivikanwa anozivikanwa anozivikanwa.
Shanda
- 1845 - "Tsamba Kubva kuYlutorovsk"
- 1859 - "Zvinyorwa nezve hushamwari nePushkin"
- 1863 - "Zvinyorwa zveMunun'una"