Biography
Mabasa eRaphael Sabatini achatungamira muverengi kupinda munyika yezvinoshamisa, varume vanokudzwa, hondo dzechisimba uye rudo rwekuda. Basa remunyori rakazvarwa semufaro unonakidza, uye kuzivikanwa kwakauya mukukura kwakatove kwakawana ruzivo muBritish Ungwaru. Iye munyori akanyora anopfuura makumi mashanu emachira akanaka uye nebhuku, asi ane mbiri "yemutungamiriri" akauya naye kumusoro kwekubwinya nepfuma.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Rafael Sabatini akazvarwa musi waApril 29, 1875 muguta reZezi, Italy. Baba - Italian vincenzo Sabatini, Amai - Anna Traford Chirungu. Vabereki vese vari vaviri vane mukurumbira opera soloists (Tenor naSoprano), uye vakawasha zvakanyanya. Panguva ino, mukomana akawedzera kumusha kwaamai - pana vanasekuru, mumusha madiki pasi peRiverpool.
Mutungamiriri webato wechirungu weiyo musha wechiRungu akanyatsoita kuti uzvikudzi, uye mukomana akanyura mukuverenga mabhuku, achivandudza ruzivo rwemutauro wechirungu kuwedzera kune wechiuto wechiItaly. Vabereki veRafael vakapedza basa rekuimba uye vakagara muchiteshi nekuvhura chikoro chavo, akaenda kuPortugal. Apa ndakadzidza muchikoro chechiKatorike, ndichiuya kuzeruzivo rwePutukezi. Vabereki vedzidzo yakazara vakatumira mwanakomana wavo kuSwitzerland, uko French neGerman vakawedzerwa kune ruzivo rwepolyglot.
Kuverengera kuziva mitauro 5 yeEurope, Sabatini yakadzokera kuEngland (Liverpool) uye akatanga basa rake mutengesi. Akapinda mushandi kune kambani hombe yekutengesa, kwaakakurira tsamba dzekunze nevabati. Asi iri basa rine jaya. Kubva pasirese inoshoreka mavara ebhizinesi uye kuzivisa, iye akakweverwa kune chokwadi chezvinyorwa zvake uye nezverudo.
Mabhuku
Rafael Sabatini anotanga kunyora mukupera kwa 1890s. Uye yatova muna 1902, nove yekutanga "maTans yeIvonna" inoonekwa. Mushure memakore maviri, kubva pasi pepeni yemunyori, iyo nhoroondo yeTavern "inobuda, ichitaura nezvekurwira simba reOliver Cromll, kuchizadzisa kumashure kweEngland yeEngland yeiyo Xvii Century. Iri basa rinounza sabatini kubudirira kwekutanga. Iye munyori anogumisa chibvumirano nemuparidzi uye anosiya basa risingadi basa mukutengesa.
Muna 1905, Sabatini akaroora, akatamira kuLondon uye pedyo nekunyora zviitiko. Muma1910, anonyora mabasa akati wandei akazvipira kune biography of wake waanoda wezvematongerwo enyika akangosvika Middle Ages - Cesare Bordjia. Uyu hunhu hwezvakaitika munhoroondo inoonekwa mune zvinyorwa zve "Dare reCuke" uye "hupenyu hweKesare Bordjia", "Banner Bull" (1912).
Munguva yehondo yekutanga yenyika, Sabatini akadzoka kushandura zviitiko pasi pesimba reBritish hungwaru. Asi haikakanda munda wekuverenga. Pamusoro peiyo dingindira reMuzinda Inyamisa, Munyori akanyudzwa mumisangano yemitambo. Iyi ndiyo gamba reNove yake "Marine hawk" (1915) - Cornish Gryo, ndiani achange achipukunyuka pakutengesa - grozny gortary pane rakabiwa Sacre Al Bar (gungwa hawk).
Ipo vaverengi vainakidzwa neyenyama nyowani yemunyori anodiwa, Sabatini akatora basa rinotevera. Pfungwa yekunyora "husiku hweNhau" (1917) yakauya ichiri kushanda pane zvinyorwa zvechitoro. Kuongorora zviitiko zvemakore apfuura, munyori akaramba achigumburwa pane chena mavara, chokwadi chinoshamisa uye chakafunga kuunganidza nyaya dzisinganzwisisike uye kupara kwemazana emakore kududzirwa kudiki kwekududzira kwevanyori. Nekuda kweizvozvo, 2-vhoriyamu basa rakawanikwa mumhando yeiyo nhoroondo prose.
Mumakore gumi ekutanga ezana ramakore idzva, zita reSabatini rakanga ratozivikanwa nevechidiki veBritish. Asi Apogee yemunyori yemunyori akasvikwa muna20. Icho chikonzero chaive chakabuda chevaviri vevabati - nomans "Scaulush" (1921) uye "Odyssey Capden Blade" (1922).
Basa rekutanga rinosuma muverengi nezvakaitika pakuchinja kukuru kwechiFrench, kupesana nehupenyu hwegweta wechidiki, Andre-Louis Moro, anomanikidzwa kurwisa vavengi vake pasi pemaskariki yekaskariki.
Mubasa pane "Odyssey ..." Sabatini akadzokera kumutambo waanofarira marine. Panguva ino protagonist wake ndiPeter Blad, Bachelor yemushonga uye aimbova mauto. Kufungidzirwa kwePfuma yeNyika, ropa rakatongerwa kurembera, asi panzvimbo pekuurayiwa kwekutengeswa kuuranda kuWest India, kubva kwaakatanga kuputika kwake pamafungu eCaribbean.
Zvinotendwa kuti chimwe chezvipangamabwe chevakuru vevatakuri ndiyo legendary english pirate yeiyo Xvii Century Henry Henry Morgar. Nekudaro, zviri pachena kuti Munyori akatora hwaro hwekukura kukuru kwemunhu uyu, kukwana kwaro muhunyanzvi hwekutungamira maneja, asi kwete hutsinye hwakanyanya uye husina moyo. Gamba reSabatini munhu wokuremekedza uye akatendeka kuzvibvumirano zvake, uye mumwoyo make anorarama rudo chairwo, ruri pakupedzisira uye rinotungamira kune hupenyu hune rugare.
"Odyssey Kapteni" aive pakureba kwekuverenga. Vaparidzi vanokumbirwawo kugumisa chibvumirano chekudzokorora. Basa racho rakatanga kududzira mune mimwe mitauro. Kufara kwakadaro kwakafadza munyori kuti aenderere mberi. Saka zvakanyorwa mamwe mabhuku maviri aisanganisirwa mu trilogy: "Chinyorwa cheKaputeni Blad" (1931) uye "rombo rakanaka blad" (1936).
Bhuku rechitatu rakabuda mushure mekutarisa kwebhuku raCovel muna 1935. Vakuru veAmerican Director Michael Cartizz, iyo mikuru mikuru mufirimu akatamba nyeredzi dzeHollywood errol flynn uye olivia de Haviand yakatamba mufirimu.
Zvakare paMafungu ebudiriro "Pirated theme", Sabatini anonyora zita rekuti "dema Swan", anozvidza zvakananga Henry morgan uye mutambo wake. Pakupera kwemakumi matatu, munyori anonyora zvinyorwa "Venetian venetian" (1934) uye "pfumo reIslam" (1939). Pakazosvika 1940, chirwere ichi chakaitwa naSabatini chinonamira maitiro ekugadzira, kunyangwe akanyora basa akati wandei panguva ino. Imwe yacho ndeyechokwadi "Columbus" (1941) nezve hupenyu hwehukuru hwakazadzikiswa. Nyaya yekupedzisira iri muThe Master Bibliography, "mutambi," akaona mwenje muna 1949.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 1905, Rafael Sabatini akaroora mwanasikana weMutengesi weLoverpool mukuru - Ruth Dickson. Mwanakomana akaberekwa mwanakomana waRafaeri Angel Allo pamabhakekisiti ane zita. Muna 1927, murume anorwadza akafira mutsaona: Vakaenda kumota nyowani naamai, iyo jaya rakagamuchira chipo kubva kuvabereki vake kubva pakupera kwechikoro. Ruth, uyo akakanda mumota, akapona, uye murume uyu akafa nekukuvara kwakakuvara.
Rufu rwemwanakomana wega rwakanyudza munyori mukuora mwoyo zvakanyanya, kubva kumashure kweiyo kurambana kwaRute kwakateverwa muna 1931. Munyori asina kusurukirwa anosiya London uye anogadzirisa muClifford, akatenga imba diki inotonhorera nedziva. Pano, shure kwebasa uye bachelanyarara muBachel mugove wekubata hove, anotendeuka nguva, achipora zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kusuwa.
Kufunga kutsva kweakakosha emunyori anonzwa mushure mekuchinja muhupenyu hwake: Muna 1935 anoroora wekare sachet, sculptor christine Dixon Diacalota samambo.
Zvisinei, dombo rinoshamisa raiita sekutambudza munyori. Muna 1940, Lancelot, uyo anga achangowana kuimba yemhepo yeBritain, aive akapatsanurwa kuva kuparara kwendege pamberi peSabatini nemukadzi wake, vachiita kuti maneja ari mumba mavo muClifford. Zvakaitika zvakare, pamwe chete nenhau inoshamisa, pazuva rekufa kwemabhinki. Zvikonzero zvekusimudzira kwendege hazvizombojekeswa.
Rufu
Kuroora Christine, Munyori wese chando chakatanga kukwira Swiss Resort Adelboden - Skiing. MunaJanuary 1950, ivo nemudzimai wavo, semazuva ese, vakaenda kurwendo rwakamirirwa kwenguva refu, kunyangwe Sabatini aive atove asina kusimba. Kurasikirwa kwacho kwevana hakuna kukwanisa kukanganisa hutano hwake. Inenge nguva yese iyo munyori anoshandiswa mumubhedha, uye musi waFebruary 13, 1950, Sabatini akafa.
Anoshamisa anonyorwa munyori wenhoroondo akavigwa muAyelBoden mudiwa. Guva rake rakashongedzwa kwete pikicha, asi chinhu chakanakisa chirahwe, chakaitwa neruoko rwemumwe waChristina waChristina. Sabatini anoratidza kuwa, akasangana pasi, ruoko rwake runotsvedza mubato wake, chishandiso chakatendeka chekusika kwake.
BHAIBHERI
- 1902 - "Ivonna Fans"
- 1904 - "Knight Teverns"
- 1906 - "Bardellis yakakura"
- 1911 - "Derzga Court"
- 1912 - "Hupenyu hweKesare Bordjia"
- 1915 - "Gungwa Hawk"
- 1917 - "Husiku hweNhoroondo"
- 1921 - Skaramuh
- 1922 - "Odyssey Captin Black"
- 1931 - "Chinyorwa cheKaputeni Blad"
- 1932 - "Nhema Swan"
- 1934 - "Venetian Mask"
- 1936 - "Luck Captain Blad"
- 1939 - "Bakatwa Islam"
- 1941 - "Columbus"
- 1949 - "Mutambi"