Biography
Heinrich Heine mudetembi yeGerman, ane basa remuenzaniso wezuva rekudanana mumabhuku. Vatsigiri uye vanotsoropodza, akafukidza matambudziko ezvino mujekisiti uye akareba fomu. Mushure memakore, nyanzvi dzakanakisa dzepasi rese dzakagadzira mimhanzi yenhetembo nhetembo uye kujairana nebasa reHeine nekubatsira nziyo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Izita rakazara remunyori maKristu Johann Heinrich Heine. Mukomana akaberekwa musi waDecember 13, 1797 muDusseldorf mumhuri yevaJudha uye aive wedangwe pavana vana 4. Ari baba vaSamsoni, Samusoni, kutengeserana kwemaindasitiri munzvimbo yeRhine. Amai vaBetty vakaunza vana, asi vaifarira mabasa aJean-Jacques Rousseau uye airatidza kuumbwa kukuru. Aida mwanakomana wake uye akatarisira ramangwana remukomana. Betty akaona Gweta Rake, mari kana kuwanda, asi mhedzisiro yaHeine Junior yaive yakasiyana.
Makore evana emukomana akawira panguva yekugara kwechiFrench. Panguva ino, rusununguko rwakasununguka muEurope, uye maitiro mafashama akawana mhinduro muWorldview yemunhu akasika. Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, Heinrich akapinda muCatholic Lyceum. Muna 16, akazova mubatsiri muhofisi yemhanza reFranky, asi akapukunyuka, sezvo munda uyu webasa hauna kufarira iye. Ipapo vabereki vakatumira Mwanakomana kuHamburg, uko mukomana wacho akazonzwisisa iyo Aza yeMutengesi pasi peVaruchitendero Vachengeti veVaruchirinda Wokurinda kweVarucharwi.
Muna 1818, Henry akapa manejimendi eboka diki. Akatadza kukundikana, kwete pfungwa muakaundi account. Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, iye akatanga kutaura nehama dzamai vake. Babamunini Simon Geldn akaziva kuti vabati vanga vasingazununguswi kubva kumuzongodzi, uye vakamutsigira muchishuvo chekupinda muBonn University. Heinrich akakandira kune vane hunyanzvi hwevanhu, verenga kunze kwemabasa evarwi uye vanokurumidza uye havana kufungidzira hupenyu husina mabhuku. Aifarirawo kufarirwa nevanhu, ayo airatidzwa mune zvakanyorwa zvakasikwa.
Heine vakapinda muFaculty yeFaculty yeYunivhesiti yeBonn, uye pasina nguva akaendeswa kuYunivhesiti yeGöttingen. Kwapera gore, pamwe chete nekuda kwechokwadi, Henry akasiyiwa kunze. Makore ake emudzidzi akaiswa nemakitsi uye adventures, asi jaya harina kukanganwa nezvekuda kuSainzi. Muna 1821, akazova mudzidzi weYunivhesiti yeBerlin.
Iye murume akapindawo macash uye anoziva nharaunda yeVashandi yeGermany. MuYunivhesiti yaHeine, akateerera nzira yeuzivi kwechitendero kubva kuna George Hegel, nyaya kubva Nyamanda yeSchlegel. Vatenzi ava vakaumba maonero ake. Kudzivirirwa kwekubvunzana kwemudzidzi kwakaitwa kuGöttingen.
Muna 1825, akagamuchira zita rachiremba. Kuti uwane diploma, Heine akamanikidzwa kugamuchira Luthereism, sezvo maJuda vaisakwanisa kuve negwaro rinoenderana. Asi zvaisareva kuti mudetembi akasiyiwa nemaonero ake.
Mavambo eHeine akakonzera zviitiko zvakawanda mumweya wake. Akatarisa, apo maJuda akagamuchira kodzero huru panguva yekugara kweFrance, pane kumbobvira zvaitika. Ipapo, mushure mekuonekwa kwemauto ePrussia mudunhu renzvimbo, zvese zvakadzokera kumatenderedzwa, uye mirairo yechikepe yakaramba nzvimbo yacho. Kuenzana kwevaJudha, izvo zvatanga panguva yaNapoleon, vakaparadzwa, uye zvakaratidzirwa munhetembo dzaHeine.
Zvisikwa
Mabasa ekutanga aHeine, akaburitswa panguva yekudzidziswa kuYunivhesiti yeBerlin, akazova "maur" Ballad, Minnezinger, "Husiku Hunotyisa". Asi kunyange zvisati zvaitika, munyori akatanga kugadzira mazwi erudo. Mavhesi ake aive akazvipira kune iyo hama yeAmalia, iyo Henry Putal haana kusimba manzwiro. Muna 1817, magazini "Hamburg Guard" yakadhindwa vamwe vavo, uye muna 1820 kutambudzika kwemabasa e "kutambudzika kweudhuma" kwakabuda.
Muna 1821, Henrich Heine akatanga kupa nhetembo kuti vabudise mupepanhau, asi ivo vakaramba vasina kucherechedzwa nevateereri uye vatsoropodzi. Heinrich yaive mudetembi yakaoma uye akashanda nesimba. Nenguva isipi njodzi "ratcliffe" uye "Almanzor" yakabudiswa. Unganidzo yenhetembo "lyrical intermezo" yakakwezva kufarira kwenharaunda yemanyorero kuti vaone. Nhetembo yake yakarondedzera matambudziko emagariro. Kuratidzira pamusoro pehutongi uye kudzvinyirira kwevaJudha kwakaratidzwa mubasa racho.
Vatsoropodzi vakamanikidza Henrich, saka akafunga kusiya guta uye akaenda kuArabhia, asi pachokwadi ndakaenda kuCuxwagen. Akabva ashanyira Hambourg, Luneburg, Berlin neGöttingen. Pfungwa yekupedzisira yerwendo yaive Harz. Pakati peino nguva, Heine akasangana naJohann Goethe. Muna 1825th, mudetembi akapedza kudzidza naye kuyunivhesiti, achipfuura bvunzo dzekupedzisira, uye akazova chiremba wemasayenzi epamutemo emugodhi wechitatu. Akasiya Hamburg, kwaakaenderera mberi nemabasa ake ekuverenga.
Zvakanyorwa nemunyori mudiki kwenguva yakareba zvakasara pasina hanya. Kubudirira kukuru kukuru kwakauya kuzoratidzira muna 1826, apo iwo mwenje waona zvinyorwa zvake zvekufamba "kuenda kuGraz". Ipapo iyo "nzira yemifananidzo" uye kutenderera "kudzokera kuAmaziland" yakabuda, uye muna 1827 - iro "bhuku renziyo", iro rakabatana nemabasa ekutanga. Romantic Fleur, tsananguro isinganzwisisike yemanzwiro uye manzwiro akatakurwa nevateereri. Mhosva iyo iyo nhetembo yakarondedzera izvo zvaiitika zvakatenderedza, vaverengi vakakunda.
Muna 1827, Heine vakagamuchira kokero kuMupepeti wePepanhau "ezvematongerwo enyika" muManich. Hafu yegore, mudetembi anoshandiswa muguta rino uye akafamba rwendo kuenda kuItari, kwaakakwira meseji nezverufu rwaBaba vake. Heinrich akamanikidzwa kudzokera kuHamburg, kwaakaburitsa vhoriyamu yechitatu ye "nguva yekufamba" kutenderera uye akafunga kutamira kuParis. Muna 1830s, kwaive nemhirizhonga muguta guru reFrance. Pano, shanduko yaive mukutsvaira kuzere, iyo yainzwa sheine yefungwa yake.
Yakatumirwa muna 1831 bhuku rinonzi "Chitubu chitsva" pane mafungu eFashoni, kutama, mudetembi anoruramisa muParis. MuFrance, akaunza waunozivana naHector Berliz uye Fedric Chopin, Ferrenerian Shepyl Gauter, Alexander Duma-Senior uye imwe tsika dzetsika. Kudzvinyirira kwevatsoropodzi uye kudzvanywa, zvakasikwa kuGermany, yakanga isina simba pano. Mudetembi akaburitswa muchiFrench neGerman. Rakabudiswa "Nighentine Nights", "Chikoro cheRomantic" nemamwe mabasa emunyori.
Mushure mekushandura nzvimbo yekugara, mudetembi akagadzira zvinyorwa zvakateedzana akabatanidzwa mu "kesi dzeFrance", uye muna 1834 rakabudiswa rakabudiswa "nhoroondo, huni uye huzivi hweGerman", zvichibva pamitauro yayo. Nekuda kwekufunga kwemunyori nezveyero yerusununguko rwechitendero cheNazaryan uye Ellinov, basa rakakonzera kusatenderwa kweveruzhinji.
Pakati peino nguva, gane yakatanga matambudziko emari. Akamanikidzwa kushandisa mvumo inogara. Mamiriro ezvinhu anowedzera aipfuura yaive chibvumirano nemuparidzi Julius musasa musasa, ndezvipi kodzero dzemabasa enhetembo dzakapihwa mutengi. Rubatsiro kubva kuna sekuru Soromoni rwakagadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu, asi Heine akatungamira hutano hwake. Mudetembi nekuomerwa kwekutama, kunyangwe asina kusiya basa.
Kugara munyika yemumwe munhu kwakapihwa panguva ino nekunetseka. Nerudo rwakakosha rweMamboland, nhetembo yakanyora nhetembo "Germany. Nguva yechando Fairy Tale. " Tosca mumarara akaita kuti zviitike kuti udzorere bhaibheri yeechenline nhetembo "Selesian masuru", izvo zvakava mhinduro kumurume kupandukira kwevashandi. Maonero ezvematongerwo enyika haana kumutendera kuti adzokere kumba.
MuFrance, kuunganidza nhetembo kunonzi "kwakasiyana" kwakaburitswa, uye 1840 Munyori akaburitsa bhuku racho "paBern". Muna 1842, akaburitsa nhetembo "Kurwisa Trol", muna 1844 - muunganidzwa "nhetembo nyowani". Pakati peino nguva, sekuru Sekuru Soromoni vakafa, vakagarwa nhaka nemucheche wevane zviuru zvisere zvitatu. Muna 1851, vakaburitsa bhuku rekupedzisira rePychs geene - "Romsvo". Pakazosvika nguva iyo munyori akatungamira kushanda ndeyake "memoirs" ayo akatanga kunyora muma 1840s.
Hupenyu Hwako
Biography yeHeinrich Heine yakabatana nemabhuku, uye kukurudzira, semunyori, vakauya nerudo nemanzwiro anosvika pane zvaiitika zvakamukomberedza. Kuti vagadzire rudo mazwi mumakore mazhinji aakanga akasundidzirwa nemwanasikana waSekuru vaSekuru Sabamu, Amalia. Manzwiro ekubatana kwaive asiri mutungamiriri, musikana akaroora mutengesi pane moyo waHennich watsemuka.
Muna 1835, Henya akaziva mukadzi wemberi weEnzheni rugare rwevaNeanka, ndeupi Matilda. Nyika yakanga yabuda mumaoko, aisaziva kuverenga nekunyora izvo zvisina musoro kupesana nemamiriro ezvinhu eMuistorator aHeine. Vanoda vaigara mumuchato wakasununguka. Heine akaonga zvisina musoro uye nekufara kwaMatilda, akamuronga mumusha webhodhi wevasikana vakanaka kuti vadzidziswe uye vafembera.
Kuroora pakati peHere uye nyika yakaitwa muna 1941. Shamwari dzaisanzwisisa kuti Heinrich angazvisunga sei nemukadzi anoonekera, asi munyori akatendeka kumukadzi wake, saiye. Mudetembi akafara muhupenyu hwake kubva munyika, asi vana vari muwanano yavo hazvina kuoneka.
Rimwe gore risati rauraya risati rabuda kwaari, Camilla Siner asvika kwaari, fan yechigaro chechidetembi, chakavakira mazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake. Heinrich akawira murudo, asi haana kupatsanura nemukadzi wake.
Rufu
Muna 1846, Henry Heine akarova mbiya tambo mitezo. Mudeteti 1848 kekupedzisira akaenda pamiromo mitsva, uye akabva angove mubhedha, wainzi "denress guva". Munguva yechirwere, shamwari dzake dzakamushanyira: Oror de Balzac, Georges jecha, Richard Wagner. Hama yemutauro wamai yaive mumba make uye muzivi Karl Marx, nezvehukama hwaive husina kufungidzira nguva yakareba. Iyo fungidziro yeCommunism, iyo mifananidzo yake uye makotesheni anoshongedza zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, akashanyira Heinrich kusvika kumazuva ekupedzisira.
Heine akachengeta pfungwa panguva yekuiswa mutorongo reimba uye akaramba achishanda. Wawakaroora akamutarisira kusvika muna Kukadzi 17, 1856. Chikonzero chekufa kwenhetembo chaive chirwere chakareba. Akavigwa mumakuva emonmartra. Matilda akafa mumakore 27. Kusiyana nemurume / kufa kwake kwairwadza, nyika yakafa nekurova hupenyu ipapo.
Quotes
"Chii chinonzi rudo?" Ichi chizoro mumwoyo. "Pasinei nehondo inotyisa, zvakadaro anowana ukuru hwemweya hwemunhu hunopinetsa muvengi wake akasimba wenhaka - rufu." "Rudo!" "Rudo! Uku ndiko kukwidziridzwa uye kukunda kwezvido zvese! Asi simba rake rose rakaverengera rerupo risingaperi, mukusava nehanya nekuzvidzikisira. "" Chinhu chinoshamisa! Nguva dzose, villains vakaedza kudzora zviito zvavo zvakaipa nekuzvipira kwavo kwechitendero, tsika uye rudo rwevashu. "BHAIBHERI
- 1820 - "VAKUTI VAKAWANDA"
- 1824 - "Loreley"
- 1826 - "Enda kuHarz"
- 1827 - "Bhuku Renziyo"
- 1827 - "North Sea"
- 1834 - "Nenhoroondo, Chitendero neRuzivi cheGerman"
- 1841 - "Kurwisa Trol"
- 1844 - "Germany. Chando chando "
- 1844 - "Nhetembo nyowani"
- 1851 - "Romservo"