Biography
Vladimir Borovikovsky - Artist, munyori wemifananidzo, miniature uye zvifananidzo. Iye anomiririra yekunzwa inomedza muRussia kutaridzika kwezana ramakore rechi 18. Chinhu chemaitiro okurapa chaive chiri chekurapa kwemanzwiro akasangana negamba remifananidzo, uye nemweya wakaverengera. Kupesana neyakajairwa tsika yeBirovikovsky era mumabasa haina kugadziriswa kune iyo yepamutemo mufananidzo uchitsanangura hunhu hunhu hwehunhu hwehunhu hwehunhu hwehunhu hwemunhu.
Anotaura nezvechisikigo, vanhu tsika nemanzwiro, zvinoratidza kuti kure nenharaunda, kazhinji kazhinji mune zvakasikwa. Mifananidzo yeiyo artist inoperekedza mwenje, translucent toni, lyrical Mood uye kurota. Iye ane triptidation anoreva nezve umwe neumwe, uchipukuta kuita kusuwa nyoro uye manyoro.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Vladimir Lukich Birovikovsky akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 24 (Nyamavhuvhu 4) ye 1757 muguta reUkraine reMirgorod. Mwanakomana wemunhu murombo anga ari vashandi vehondo uye akapedza basa rake munharaunda yemuchina wemiyepi, mushure mekugara kumusha kwake. Mubereki weBirovikovsky uye hama dzakasarudzika uye Ivan dzainakidzwa nehunyanzvi uye wakashanda pakugadzira zvifananidzo zvematembere emuno. Ichi chaive chinangwa uye vladimir. Asi mweya wemurume wechidiki unonyanya kuverengera kusikwa kwemiroto. Vakaratidza maitiro ekunakidzwa kwekunakidzwa, akakodzera kune hunyanzvi hweUkraine kwemakore iwayo.
Artist mukuru akabatsira tsaona. Muna 1787, kumusha kwake kwakashanyira Ekaterina II. Achienda kumaodzanyemba, akashanyira Mirgorod achipfuura. Mutungamiriri wezveprovince weVanokudzwa kweVasility Kasily Kepnisy akarayira Borovikovsky 2 mapaneru emuzinda wekufamba, uko hurumende yambomira kumira.
Paifananidzo iri pamusoro pezvifananidzo, magamba evaive ari kumashirira, achitaura nezvemibayiro yechiGiriki, uye Peter ini ndiri muchikamu chePahari, uye kuteedzana kweanodyarwa. Catherine akatambisa tarenda remunyori uye akarayira kuti aende kunodzidza muSt. Petersburg. Chikoro chehunyanzvi hwekudyidzana-kuzvidzora hazvina kutorwa nekuda kwezera. Ipapo akatanga kutora zvidzidzo kubva mudura reruvanze, Austrian Johann Lams, uye Dmitry Dmitry Levitsky.
Tarenda yeViye Vial Art uye Nyaya yeLucky kesi inobvumidza iyo Artist kuti izadziswe. Iyo Borovikovsky ine vatengesi. Munyori ane mwero akanyora akawanda emifananidzo pane chikumbiro chevatengi vakakwira. Akagara mumba maNikolai Lviv, akagadzira uye mudetembi, iyo yakachengetedzwa. LVIV yakava yeBirovik Guide paHupenyu hweMusika weKupa, achibatsira kukudziridza nzira yake yakasarudzika, mairi pakanga pasina nzvimbo yekutevedzera uye kutevedzera.
Muna 1798, murayiridzi wemhizha akamhanya akaenda kuAustria, achisiya mudzidzi musangano ari pamigwagwa yemauto. Mukati maro, iyo inyasha yakasikwa yakawanda yebasa.
Zvisikwa
Muna 1794, nekuda kwekuziva neanozivana nechivanze chevanoita, Borovikovsky akakudzwa kunyora mufananidzo weroto. Saka pikicha inonzi "Catherine II yekufamba muTsarskoye Park" yakaonekwa. Mufananidzo wakarondedzera Changamire mukamuri yemamambo uye mune inozvikudza chifananidzo. Iyo inoshamisa nhamba yaitaridzika nyore uye panguva imwe chete yakajeka. Kuti ushande muna 1795, muimbi akapihwa musoro weAcademican.
Runyerekupe pamusoro pake rwakatapukira mumuromo kusvika muromo, uye murwi wakakumbira. Munyori anoshanda nesimba akagamuchira madhiri mazhinji kubva pane zvakakwirira-zviyero. Akanyora mifananidzo yevakadzi nevarume, vachipa chisarudzo chetambo, asi kushanda zvakanaka pakutapurirana kwemavara emunhu. Kuve kuruboshwe-ruoko, borovikovsky akanyora nenzira dzakasiyana kupfuura kurudyi-kurudyi, asi tsananguro dzehunyanzvi hadzina kuenda.
Iye murume akakurumidza kuva akaziviswa uye na 1802 akatova zano kune iyo yekudzidza kwehunyanzvi. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti haana kuve tenzi wedare, munharaunda yekunyika, murapi wakanakidzwa nenzvimbo yevanhu vane mhosva. Pakanga paine chimiro chaicho munharaunda. Magamba emabasa akange ari kumralia Fedorovna, Paul ini naVana vavo, bhurukwa remunyori ndea "portrait of Maria Lopukhina", "Mufananidzo weElena Naryshkin". Muchifananidzo chevakadzi, muimbi akakwanisa kuendesa kugutsikana, nhetembo dzezvisikwa mutete uye kubata mufananidzo unobata.
Basa reBorovikovsky raive rima. Akanyora zvinyorwa zvemukati uye miniature, kuenda kupfuura pfungwa dzekunzwa uye kufungidzira maitiro kunoratidza shanduko yeiyo nguva muBisual Art. Mumabasa emakore ano kwaive nezvinhu zvekare zvemhando uye amp. Parade mifananidzo inokosheswa pakati pevakuru vezvikwiriso. Diplomat Alexander Kurakin akapa "mufananidzo wePrince Kurakina" 700 rubles. Hapana anodikosirwa chipangamazano kuDmitry trochinsky na muchinda Murtaz Kuri Khan.
Vladimir Borovikovsky akakokwa kuti vashande pane dhizaini yeKazan Cathedral, iyo yakagara kusvika 1811. Muimbi aive pakati penzvimbo inokatyamadza, saka kana ichipiwa basa, surname yake yakaonekwa isiri pamberi. Kuti ibwe kwenguva refu, akagamuchira rin'i yemadhaimani, vamwe vane rupo rakawanda. Saka zvakatanga zuva rokuvira kwekubwinya kwemurwi.
Mafashoni akachinja nekukurumidza, Velmazby akawana mazita matsva pachavo. Unyanzvi hweBirovikovsky akaramba asina kuchinjika, asi zvanga zvichisanyanyo kumuviri kwaari, uye munyori akarega kushanyira zviitiko zveDare. Haana kuzopedzisira kunyora mifananidzo. Iye zvino artist akabata pendi yechitendero uye nechido chekusanzwisisika.
Chinyorwa chinonakidza: Borovikovsky aive nhengo yemasonic lodge yeiyo yekufa sphinx pasi pehutungamiri hweAlexander Labzin. Zvaizivikanwa naye uye mubatiri wake Levitsky. Makore mashoma gare gare, muimbi akasiya denderedzwa, asi akazotaurwa nezve "yemweya Union" kambani Catherine Tatarinova.
Iko kugona kwemunyori kunyepa mutsara mutsika wenyaya yekutaura. Iyo lyricity uye yemanzwiro ezviratidzo zveMhizha chinhu chinosiyanisa nenzira yake yakatsunga nguva iri kupenda yezana ramakore re19. Mabasa ake aive akajeka kupfuura pendi revatangani. Mifananidzo inoratidzwa pamakumbo emasikirwo yakanyanya mukuenzanisa neakatsanangurwa kwakarondedzerwa nenyika.
Chiedza chiri mumapendendiri chakazoparadzirwa, uye halo yekushamisa uye riddles zvaive zvakakosha pamusoro pevatambi. Zvishongo zvevakadzi nezvishongo zvagara zvichipenya, iwo manyoro emachira akapfuudza hupfumi hweSatin uye velvet, asi mavara akange asingadzivisiki uye akaderera, ayo akaderera, ayo akaderera nguo. Uchishandisa kugamuchira tsika dzakajairwa nekuda kwetsika dzayo, nenguva borovikovsky yakatanga kunyora nenzira isingasviki yenhetembo. Mumabasa ake mumabasa ake pakanga pasina kumbofungidzira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vladimir Boroviikovsky's Biography yaive yakabatana zvakanyanya nechinhu chake chinodiwa chaasina kuisa pfungwa pahupenyu hwake. Iye murume aigara akasurukirwa, uye mushure mekufirwa kufarira kubva kune imwe nguva zvachose kusingagoneki. Kutsvaga kwako mukunyepedzera hakuna kuunza budiriro, uye Munyori, nekusiya mufananidzo wezvirongwa zvechitendero, ndakapedza nguva yese iri mumusangano.
Muimbi aive asina mukadzi nevana. Akanyorera kuUkraine kuUkraine kuti nzanga yayo inoita mubiki uye vadzidzi vake, vaakapa pekugara mumba make. Mumwe wejaya aive Alexey Venetsanov, akazotevera akazova muimbi ane mukurumbira.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, mumweya weBirovikovsky, akatyora kusagadzikana kupisa nekusurukwa uye kukanganwa kubva kuruzhinji. Akapindwa muropa nokunwa. Kuve munhu ane rupo, murapi haana kuve neakawanda, kunyangwe zvakadaro mumakore asina kutaurwa, akakwanisa kuwana zvakanaka. Kwakakomberedza zvakashamisika nerupo rwake. Mapasuru aigara achitumirwa kumusha kwavo, varombo varombo vakaungana imba yake nemugovera uye vaigara vachigamuchira alms.
Rufu
Chikonzero chekufa kwevaimbi ndiko kwaive kuongorora kweMyancardial infantion. Vladimir Boirovikovsky akafa muna Kubvumbi 1825 muSt. Petersburg.
Guva rakanga rakarongedzwa pamakuva eshumba, asi mu1931st rakabhurururwa. Vakaendeswa kuAlexander Nevy Lavra. Semumati, takashandisa guva, takashandisa guva riripo mushure mekufa: Sarcophagus yeGarasi yakashongedzwa nehuku yaShumba.
Pendi
- 1790 - "Kuzvarwa kwaKristu"
- 1794 - "Arkhangel Mikhail"
- 1797 - "Mufananidzo weM. I. Lipukhina"
- 1800 - "Mufananidzo waPauro ini"
- 1811 - "Mufananidzo weGavilli Romanovich Derzhavina"
- 1812 - "Germain de Stelle"
- 1814 - "Tsarina Alexander naArchikaCon Stefan"
- 1814 - "Mufananidzo wamapa Elizabheti Alekseevna"
- 1820 - "Mufananidzo weThe WeRussia Nhetembo Alexander Baratynsky"