Biography
Love Arkady Averchenko inova nyore, semunyori ane hasha dzinofara, dzakavhurika nemoyo uye zvishoma syllable. Akazvidaidza kuti 'akatarisa achifara Mwari wakapoteredzwa naMwari,' uye munyori akazova zvimwe chete: Srotic, anoteerera uye ane rupo nedzinza raishamwaridzana. Achigara hupenyu hupfupi, Averchenko akakwanisa kutora imwe yenzvimbo dzekutanga muhuwandu hwevanyori veRussia vanosekesa vanyori.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Arkady TimofEvich Averchenko tsvimbo kubva Sevastopol. Mukomana akaberekwa muna 1881 mumhuri yemutengesi. Timfey Frrovich naSusanna Pavlovna vakazvarwa vana gumi, vanakomana vatatu vakafa vachidzokera mukucheya. Arkady yakaramba iri chete hama yehanzvadzi nhanhatu.
Mwana akasiyaniswa nehutano husina kunaka, asi zvakare izvi chokwadi chinoshungurudza, nehunhu hwake hwekuzvishungurudza hunoita kuti chinhu chive chinhu chemajee mu autobiography, yakanyorwa muna 1903. Chiono chisina kusimba hachina kumutendera kushanyira kujaya, saka mukomana haana kugamuchira dzidzo yekutanga. Se, zvisinei, hapana mumwe, kunze kwemakirasi maviri echikoro chaicho.
Averchenko iine ane tarenda anodzidziswa neye rakakura kuverenga kuverenga. Masisita aiverengerwa muzvidzidzo zvake kumba. Bhizinesi raBaba mumwe akapiswa zvakanaka, uye mhuri iyi yakawira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emari.
Kunyangwe iye munyori akazvishingisa iye kune lobotrys nevezvengarava, akatanga kushandira kubva pamakore gumi nemashanu. Pakutanga, jaya racho rine munyori mune imwe ngoro yengoro yezvinhu, uye gore gare gare akaenda kumigodhi yemahongwe, kwaakanoshanda vashandi vehofisi anenge makore mana.
Nguva yemari yaive mumigozi yaive nechuru uye inosuruvarisa, uye iyo chetevara chete ne "Rutivi rwekunakidzwa rwehupenyu" pakati peakasvibiswa nekarenda yakaitwa kudhakwa. Munyori wechidiki uye gadziriro iyi yakakwanisa kurova nyaya dzake, asi yaifara kwazvo kana hofisi yakatamira kuKharkov muna 1900. Pano, maererano nemashoko ake, jaya rakasvika kuupenyu uye rakamanikidzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuedza kwekutanga kwekuverenga kwakatora.
Mabhuku
Ramangwana "Mambo wekuseka" kupokana pamapeji ePepanhau reKarkiv "South" nenyaya yekuti ndaifanira kundisunga hupenyu "muna 1903. Anonyora nyaya shoma dzine simba, uye tobva tatora kusunungurwa kwemagazini "Shtyk", kwaanoita panguva imwe chete nemunyori, mupepeti uye humbowo. Anosika nyaya dzeSatirical, dzinodhonza makatuni nemakirabhu uye anowana mukurumbira pakati peveruzhinji. Zvinotevera izvi, chinyorwa che "magazini emagazita akateverwa, chaivapo kwenguva refu.
Satira Averchenko akakonzera kusagutsikana nevarume, uye aifanira kubva muguta muna 1907. Kubva kuKharkov, murume wechidiki anofunga kuenda kuSt. Petersburg, kwaanoenderera mberi nekuita marudzi enzara.
Muguta rekumusoro, munyori anova nhamba inoonekwa, nekuti inogara niche yeiyo iyo inoita kunge yakagadzirwa. Iye anoziva kuona kuseka uye kuseka, anonyora Echko uye akapinza. Iyo magazini "dhiragoni", kwaaigara nemunyori weSatiirikon vhiki nevhiki, iyo yakava yakasarudzika tribune yemagariro uye chiitiko chakakosha mutsika. Averchenko kubva kumunyori wechigarire akakurumidza kutamira kune chinzvimbo chemugadziro mukuru webhuku racho.
Muzera regoridhe remagazini, nyaya dzeTariro LOHwitsky (Tefa), Sasha dema, Osip, Smymova, Leonid Andreva, akaratidzira maartist ake ane hunyanzvi hwesirivheri. Vaverengi vaidiwa naSatiirikon, nekuti haana kuenda kuhunhu, achinyatsoita vanhu, asi akaunza rudzi rwe "lyrical satire", azere rekucherekedza uye zvisinganzwisisike uye zvisinganzwisisike nekuda kwechimiro chevanhu. Chinyorwa chinonakidza - magazini kuverenga mambo Nicholas II, kuunganidza binder yake.
Budiriro ye "nhoroondo yepasirese yakarapwa naSatirikon" yave ichirova chaizvo, kune shanduro dzinofadza dzezviitiko zvepasi rose kubva kuToffi, Osiya utsi naJoseph Other. Averchenko akatora rondedzero yenguva itsva, uko nyaya "kuvhurwa kweAmerica" yakaiswa.
Muna 1910, mabhuku matatu aArkady Averchenko anobudiswa uye amuunze iye mukurumbira wembiru dzemuviri uye o'henry. Nhau dzemunyori dzakakurumbira uye dzakatokurudzirwa mukutamba kwemitambo. Muna 1912, 2 mitauro yakawanda inobudiswa - "denderedzwa pamvura" uye "nyaya dzekupora". Satir - Kufamba, anonyora mabasa matsva, ongorora zvigadzirwa zvemitambo.
Pashure pokunge Gumiguru erwiyo, hutano hwakanaka hwakaputswa, Bolshevek rinovhara magazini yeAverchenko, achimudaidza kuti Bourgeois uye asina kuvimbika. Chikamu chinotevera chiri muBiography yemunyori zvinodhura muutapwa. Pakutanga anosiya guta guru uye anotasva zasi, kwaanogara mumagariro ake emakore maviri. Uye muna 1920, murume anosiya nyika yake zvachose.
Mukutama, Arkady Timofeevich iri kuita mutoro wezvemitambo ichiri kugadzirwa muSevastopol uye inoenderera mberi kunyora. Europe yakafashukira nevapoteri yerudzi rweRussia, saka munyori akakwanisa kunzwa wake kunyange kune imwe nyika. Panguva imwecheteyo, kusiyana nevamiriri vazhinji vemuRussia Njere, aisaziva mitauro yeEurope, inoenderana yakaoma kufambisa muWestern Society.
Pakati peino nguva, basa remunyori riri kusangana nekuchinja kwakakosha, nyaya dzitsva dzakatarwa dzinoonekwa uye iyo yekunaka tonality inoshanduka. Zvinonzwika zvakajeka nekushuvira kwenguva isiriyo nguva yekushandisa yekare yekare Russia. Muna 1921, mukuburitsa kweparishi, kune mapepa "gumi nemaviri emashure ekuchinja".
Nhau dze1920 dzakazvipira nekunzwisisa kwekuchinja uye nemhedzisiro yayo inoparadza, pamwe nemhedzisiro yevatorwa vachiedza kurarama muhutapwa uye nekutsvaga zvitsva uye kutsigirwa muhupenyu. Iye munyori akapedza makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake muCzech Republic. Pano vakanyora mabhuku e "nyaya dzeCynic", "Cherekedza izvo zvakafanana", "kuseka kwenyama".
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwaSatirik hwaro hwakaoma kupokana, nekuti hazvidikanwe kutaura nezvehukama hwakashambadzirwa zvakajeka. Munyori haana kumbove nemukadzi, izvo zvisingagone kutaura nekurongeka pamusoro pevana. Zvinoenderana nerunyerekupe, mwanakomana waArkady muKarkov, Avechchenko akaberekwa.
Iye murume akawedzera akakomberedzwa nemusikana uye akaunza chimiro chechisimba kune iyo floor. Naizvozvo, zvinokwezva neruzivo, iye haana kufunga nezvewanano uye akaderedza hukama hwehukama kana kuongorora mwenje. Kuti ave nechokwadi chekuzvichengetedza kubva mukuvhima kwe "Occoltz ye" Occoltz yake ", Avechenko kazhinji akamisa sarudzo yake pane vakadzi vakaroora kana kukurumidza kubatanidza zvishuvo zvavaimboita shamwari dzake.
Iye munyori anochengetedzwa nesofia metter, achitonga izvo vaviri ava vaine hukama hwerudo apo Arkady Timofeevich akagara mu St. Petersburg. NOLELE LOULEDED YAKAITWA 2 Makore. Gare gare, mukadzi uyu akazova mukadzi wechiArtist Nikolai Remiv, Advenchenko's Associate muSatiirikon.
Kubva 1912, Actress Alexander Sadovskaya akaoneka muhupenyu hwemunyori. Mukadzi akajeka uye ane simba uye aine vana vatatu, mumwe wavo akazvara panguva yekwaanotherko. Ukama uhwu hwaive muchivande kubva kumaziso ekunze, zvisinei, vigraphers vanoona brunette yakaisvonaka yemukadzi mukuru muSatirik hupenyu hwaSatiriko. Akazvitsaurira kumunyori webhuku "denderedzwa pamvura".
Mumakore ekufambisa, Arkady Timofevich akaramba achipinda muhutachiona. Kugara muConstantinople muna 1920-1922, Akamutungamira "dendere reshiri dzinofamba" dzakagadzirwa naye. Julia Gorskaya ari weTroupe uye akazova museum yemunyori.
Nesimba "dendere" Raisa Raich Averchenko akataurwa zvakasimba muna 192-1924, uye aive shamwari nemurume wake aishanda mune imwe chete yemitambo. Utatu hunogona kuwanzoonekwa pane zvakajairika mafoto. Satiri kusvika pakupera kwemazuva haana kumisa sarudzo pane imwe chete.
Rufu
Semwana, Averchenko akakuvara nekukuvara neziso, uye hosha dzemaonero aiperekedza kurufu. Pakutanga kwa 1925, munyori aifanira kusarudza kubvisa maziso anorwadza, uye kushanda kwacho kwaipokana. Kubva munaJanuary, murume aive muPrague chipatara muchipatara zvakakomba, aine matambudziko akafanana nemwoyo, midziyo neitsvo uye zvisisiri kuuya ivo pachavo.
Kurwara kwenguva refu ndiko kwakakonzera rufu kwakauya munaKurume 12, 1925. Akavigwa muchikamu cheOrthodox cheOlshanshansky makuva, uko manhamba akakurumbira ekutanga kwekutanga kwekutama kweRussia kuzorora.
Kwenguva yakareba, Averchenko yakaramba ichirambidzwa nemunyori, uye muverengi weRussia akawana zvechokwadi basa raSatiri muna 1980s. "Taura", "murume weShirma", "mukadzi" uye dzimwe nyaya dzakapinda muchivigiro chemabhuku epasi rose zvinosetsa, uye mishonga yemabasa emunyori ichichinja kunyemwerera uye kusuruvara kwechiedza.
BHAIBHERI
- 1910 - "Merry Oysters"
- 1910 - "Nhau. Bhuku Rokutanga "
- 1910 - "Bunnies pamadziro"
- 1912 - "Matenderedzwa pamusoro pemvura"
- 1912 - "Nhau dzekupora"
- 1914 - "Vana"
- 1915 - "Cherekedza zvemitambo yemitambo"
- 1917 - "SOWSZ nevamwe vaviri"
- 1923 - "Ziva nezvakafanana"
- 1925 - "Metnate Joke"