Biography
Iyo Soviet Chemist inororgised Valery Legasov yaive chikamu cheSoviet Academy yeStagement. Kusvika mune zviitiko, zita remurume aiziva vanhu vashoma, asi mushure metsaona iri kuChernobyl NPP, haina kusiya misoro yemapepanhau nemagazini kwenguva yakareba. Akaita mupiro wakakura pakuferefetwa kwedambudziko iri, asi nekuda kwekufa kusingatarisirwi uye asingatarisirwi, yakanga isina nguva yekuzwi kuti chokwadi chinowanikwa.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Biography of the Ramangwana reAcdemician yakatanga muTula, kwaakazvarwa musi waSeptember 1, 1936. Nguva pfupi achangozvarwa neMwanakomana, mhuri iyi yakatamira kuMosco, kune mukomana uye akaenda kunodzidza kuchikoro. Vabereki vake vaive vashandi vakareruka, uye valery kubva pamakore ekutanga ekudzidza vakatanga tarisiro huru, pamwe chete nechitupa chekukura, akagamuchira menduru yegoridhe.
Pashure pechikoro cheGondeSov, Akapinda Moscow Chemical Technology Institute anonzi After D. I. Mendeleev (manje PCTU), pane firsicochemical faculty, akabudirira akapedza chikoro muna 1961. Panguva imwecheteyo, akashanda muyunivhesiti imwe chete nemunyori weDare reSBCM, muchimiro ichi chaakatora chikamu chemubatanidzwa wechiCommunist, achifunga nezvezvakashata zvacho zvisina kunaka. Basa rakadaro rakapihwa mubayiro uye rakarayirwa murume wechidiki Muchitsauko chechidiki. Mune ino post, akaronga mhemberero dzevadiki nevadzidzi, vakasangana nevamiriri kubva kunyika dzakasiyana.
Sainzi
Legashaov akadzidza chaizvo zvekuti kusunungurwa kubva kuyunivhesiti kwakafunga kupinda muchikoro chetsoka, nekuda kweizvozvi akasarudza Institute for I. V. Kurchati. Ikoko, basa rake nekukurumidza rakakwira kukwira. Pakutanga, jaya rakange rashanda semuongorori weJunior, mushure mechinguva iye akasvitswa kumukuru, uye munguva pfupi akatanga kuva musoro wemubarabhorosi. Pa 31, valery Alekseevich anova mumiriri, mushure memakore mashanu, Dr. makemikari sainzi. Panguva iyoyo, matambudziko emagasi akanaka akadzidza, uye mushure memamwe makore mana akagamuchira mibairo yehurumende yekuvandudza mumunda wekudzidza kwemakemikari emakemikari.Imwe nzvimbo yekuti musayendisiti akaongorora kwazvo - simba rehunyanzvi. Mubasa, murume akabatana ekugadzira maitiro, tekinoroji uye sainzi uye nevamwe vezvemakemikari vakagadzira rudzi rutsva rwemafuta, iyo yakava nhanho yakakosha yekubva kune nyukireya nhamburiko. Nguva refu tsaona isati yatanga muChernobyl, musayendisiti aive nehanya nezvenyaya dzekuchengetedza muindasitiri. Naizvozvo, kunzwisisa kwenharaunda yesainzi kwakasangana uye kwakagadzirwa neiyo pfungwa yeZero uye ngozi inogamuchirika.
At 45, kmiti dzisarudzwa nhengo dzeyaidziya yemasainzi yeUSSR, iyo yaiita kuti ive diki yeSoviet yekudzidza. Uye kunyange pakutanga, kushanda kuInstitute of Atomi simba rakatumidzwa zita revaitumidza I. V. Vachathatev, muna 1984 akawana kuwedzera pamberi pesimba rekutanga. Kubva 1983 kuenda uye kusvika pakupera kwemazuva, musayendisiti akananga kuDhipatimendi reMakemikiti Tekinoroji uye radiochemistry paMakemikari Faculy yeMoscow State University.
Tsaona yeChernobyl
Pakupera kwaApril 1986, nyika yakadzidza nezve chiitiko chinotyisa - tsaona iri kuChernobyl Simba Simba. Vanhu havana kufungidzira huwandu chaihwo hwechiitiko ichi, kunyangwe hushumiri hwesimba hwakawana nzvimbo dzakakosha dzinoratidza kuputika, moto, radiation uye ngozi uye ngozi.
Kuronga kubviswa kwetsaona, komisheni yakakurumidza kugadzirwa pasi peBoris Shcherbin, uye Legasov Valery akaenda ikoko. Kunyangwe aive aive nyanzvi yenyukireya, murume aive aine chekuita nenyaya dzekuchengetedza, uye saka aigona kubatsira chaizvo. Nezve chokwadi chekuti njodzi chaiyo yakaitika, vekudzidza vakanzwisisa pamusuwo wenzvimbo yengozi, vachiona iyo cryson denga.
Kuita mhedzisiro chaiyo nezve chiyero chetsaona, maherikoputa akatangwa mudenga, izvo zvakatenderera mutengesi wekuputika. Kubva kuongororo, zvakava pachena - pane kutyisidzira kwekuputika. Usambofa wakamboita wechipiri, wezvedzidzo pavashandi vepamhepo vakatakura mauto emakemikari akaenda kune epicenter yezviitiko - kufungidzira njodzi yekubuda neutron.
Zvichida, akabva agamuchira iyo yekutanga radiation dosi ye100 X-ray. Mushure mekuongorora anoongorora anokoshesa uye anokoshesa mamiriro acho ezvinhu, valeres anosimbirira pakubuda kwakazara kwehisheni, kudzamara masevhisi akakosha akasvika munzvimbo, akamirira timu yakakosha kubva kuMoscow. Vagari vacho vakasiya guta, legashaov akaronga iyo yekunetseka inokanda musanganiswa wakakosha kuti udzambe nhepinoni remagetsi.
Vazhinji, kusanganisira vezvematongerwo enyika, vakarerutsa kukuvara kunokonzerwa nengozi yengozi. Musi waMay 5 wegore rimwe chetero, musayendisiti akataura pamusangano wezvematongerwo enyika uye akazivisa mufananidzo chaiwo wedambudziko, ndokuisawo zvirevo zvekubvisa zvakaipa. Akanzwisisa kuti zvakakuvara zvakadii zvinounza miniti yega yekugara mumhepo yepamusoro, asi akapedza mwedzi mina paChernobyl, akaviga uchapupu hwe dosimi.
Vafundisi vakatadza kutenda kusavapo kwehutungamiriri hwenyika yemhinduro yekupindura kuti vaite zvinodiwa nekuchengetedza emazwi enyukireya. Uyezve, kufunga kwakavaratidza mumatongerwo enyika kwakakonzeresa kushatirisa kwaMikhail gorbachev. Pasinei neizvi, leyes aifanira kuoneka paIaea muVienna, zvese zviitiko zvese zvakamirira kuti zvenjere, uchitya zvirevo zvekuranga kweUSSR yegore rehupfu rakatanga kuEurope. Iyo sayenzi maawa mashanu yakaitwa nemushumo uye haina kutevedzera iyo chaiyo yechokwadi uye chiyero chedambudziko. Kuzivikanwa kwenyika kwakanunurwa, asi nekuti maNPS akasara akatanga kugadzira mapurojekiti matsva ekudzivirira. MuUSA, Valeri akaziva murume wegore.
Kuita kweLesuz Kukunda hakuna kufanana nemunhu wese, nekuda kwekuvhurika uye kutendeseka kune dzimwe nyika, vazhinji vaishanda navo vakamira kutsigira musayendisiti, uye vamwe vamiririri vane simba vakamutarisira. Uyezve, murume haana kubvumira kuburitsa zvinyorwa zvinofungidzira chokwadi chedzinza.
Mune zvikaita musainzi denderedzwa, iyeyo wekutanga pane zvakasikwa zvekusikwa kwechengetedzo yeNyukireya haana kutsigirwa. Kupesana nemhedzisiro yezviitiko zvezviitiko uye kumwe kudhinda, maLemoce aive nekuora mwoyo, maererano nemamwe mishumo, muna 1987, akatoyedza kuzviuraya nekumwa nhamba yakakura yemapiritsi ekurara. Ipapo akaponeswa, uye nyaya yacho haina kubudiswa pachena.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hazvina zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa nezve hupenyu hwomunhu weSoviet Scientist. Margarita Mikhalovna's Mukadzi kubva pazuva rekutanga remuchato akatsigira mukadzi womurume kubasa. Kuona basa rake risingaperi uye kuziva, pamusha wakamupa zvinodziya uye rudo, akatarisira murume wake kusvikira mazuva mashoma apfuura. Mumuchato unofara, vaviri vakazvarwa vana vaviri - mwanakomana nemwanasikana.Panguva iyoyo, murume paakanyangarika padhiramu renyukireya, mushure mekurasikirwa noutano nekukurumidza, mushure mekurara kwevhiki, mushure mekurara kwevhiki, vaidzidza vakarasikirwa nevhudzi rakawanda, akataridzika zvikuru, airatidzika kuneta uye akaneta. Akadzidza kubva kuhama dzehutano hwavo, mushure mekuona maawa mashoma nemukadzi wake nevana (mwanasikana nemurume wake, panguva iyoyo, achangoshanda mumumiriri weSoviet uye achangobva kudzoka kubva kune dzimwe nguva), akaenda kuPripyat zvakare.
Saka misangano yavo yakapfuura mwedzi mina inotevera, uyezve mamwe makore 1.5, musayendisiti akashanda nesimba pamishumo nekutsvagisa. Musara wacho kusvikira pakupedzisira akaramba ari pedyo, achiona mamiriro ekunamata uye mumuviri wemurume wake, sezvaaigona kubatsira. Rufu rwake rwakava shungu huru dzaMargarita Mikhailovna.
Rufu
Pakupera kwaApril 1988, nyika yakadzidza nezverufu rwevapuremhama. Nhamo yacho yakaitika musi wezuva repiri yetsaona yeChernobyl. Zuva risati ramboitika, murume akadzoka kumba achibva kubasa, mumwe wako akaona kuti haana kupindura kune vamwe vake, asi haana kupa hanya iyi. Panguva iyoyo, mwanakomana nemhuri yake aigara mumba navo. Zuva rakatevera racho, munhu wese akaenda kubasa, uye akatanga kudzokera kumasikati uye akawana baba vake vakasungirirwa. Pakutanga, shanduro mbiri dzakaiswa mberi - umhondi uye uuye kuzviuraya.
Hapana mubairo wekuzviuraya akawanikwa, asi vaongorori vakawanikwa vane makore mashanu ekuteerera nezvinyorwa zveMasainzi nezve mhedziso pamusoro petsaona, asi hadzina kuziviswa, asi vamwe vacho vakadzimwa. Vanachiremba vakasarudza kuti murwere mumuviri uye ane tsika murume akaora mwoyo, uye saka haana kuuya neimwe nzira kuti abve mudunhu rake. Maererano nekuferefeta, iyofort yakakonzera rufu inonzi kuzviuraya.
Legasova inovigwa muMoscow paCometevichy Cemetery. Panzvimbo pemagariro akajairwa, guva rake rakashongedzwa nechiratidzo chakamira pane rimwe bengo romurume rakakoromorwa mune imwe nyaya.
Ndangariro
Mukurangarirai musayendisiti mukuru, mafirimu aive akamiswa uye kunyora mabhuku, zvinyorwa zvakaburitswa mumapepanhau.
Muna 2017, chinyorwa pane imwe sainzi inonzi "Maperembudzi anourayiwa sei, uyo akaongorora zvake zvechernobyl njodzi, akaonekwa paMoscow Komsomol Center webhusaiti. Kune biography, shanda pane zvidyarwa zvine simba uye nyaya dzevanhu vepedyo nezvekuti vaivapo sei dambudziko iri pamwe chete. Vazhinji uye zvimwe zvinyorwa zvakauya mukukudza kwezvinhu.
Mukuremekedza Valery Alekseevach, iyo Chikoro cheMoscow Kwete. 56 yakatumidzwa zita, maakadzidza.
Muna 2019, yakazozivikanwa kuti American channel Hbo anobvisa nhevedzano "Chernobyl" nezve tsaona kuNPPS muPRipyat. Chero bedzi mashanu episode akarongwa, chiito chinoitika mushure mekutambudzika, iro basa chairo ralery, mutambi Jaredhi Harris akaridza basa guru.
Awards uye mazita
- Kudzidza kweUssr Academy yesainzi
- Leninsky Mubayiro
- Nyika mubairo weUSSR
- Kurongeka kweiyo Gumiguru Revolution
- Kurongeka kwebasa red red
- Mugari wekurumbidza wedunhu reTula
- Gamba reRussia (rakapihwa posthumusy)