Biography
Nyaya yeiyo knights yemufananidzo weiyo Don quixote Lamani uye squire yake yakatendeka Sancho Press yakazvarwa kumunyori Miguel de cervanes. Zvino parody knowly romance ndeyekutongwa kwemabhuku epasi rese, asi pane imwe nguva bhuku rakakwana kumunyori Wake - DE Curprants dzakateverera kuchera uye kunyange kutotyisidzira rufu.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Miguel de mushandi akazvarwa musi waSeptember 29, 1547 muguta reSpanish reAlcala de magumo. Chidzidzo, musi waOctober 9, muna Santa Maria La Major of Parish Church Register Santa Maria La Major.
"Miguel, mwanakomana weDorrigo de mukadzi wake pa Leonor, akabhabhatidzwa; Madzitateguru ake ainzi Juan Pardo; Iyo rite yakaitwa neiyo Rev. Bartolome Serrano.
Iko kukanganisa kufunga kuti zita rakakurumbira Miguel de Cervants Saoveeven mukomana akagamuchira pakuzvarwa. Kutaura zvazviri, 1nteverov akaoneka aine zera rekuziva, sezvazviri, sekureva nezvezita reChilean Commune, kubva kupi madhimoni enziyo.
Baba vaRodrigo, muGalicia, akashanda sechigadzirwa, "brace ropa". Achienda kune rimwe pfupa, raive rakakomberedza uye riine "zvidiki zvekurapa." Amai vaMiguel, Leonor de cortinas - mwanasikana wevakabvaruka, uyo akatengeswa muwanano muna 1543.
Pamusoro pemunyori wenguva yemberi "Don quixote", vana 6 vakarererwa mumhuri: Andrea (1544 R.), Louise (1546 R.), Rodrigo (1550 g.), Magdalena (1554 g.) uye Juan. Pane yekupedzisira inozivikanwa nekuda kwekuda kwaBaba.
Inofungidzirwa kuti muhuduku, Miguel akagara achitakurwa kutenderera nyika, uye akabva aipa chikoro cheMadrid - Sangano reKeshuita revakomana. Muchiratidzo chechokwadi ichi, kuchave nekuongorora kwekunyararira nezvechechi yeChechi yeRoma Katurike mu "nolla ye" neuto pamusoro pekukurukurirana pakati peimbwa "kubva" kuzivisa bhuku ". Imwe pfungwa yekuona - Miguel akadzidza kuYunivhesiti yeSalamane. Uye iyo, uye dzimwe shanduro dzinobvunzwa.
At 22, DE Curevants yakaitika chikamu chekurwira mumugwagwa, uye paruoko rwake rwakabva kuna Antonio de Sagura. Zvinonzi kutya kusungwa kwakaita kuti Miguel kusiya Spain yake. Italy yakava imba nyowani - nyika, ine hushamwari zvine chekuita nevechidiki vane hunyanzvi hwekuda.
Rome de cervants akawana vial arts, kuvaka, kubhejera era. Mumabasa ake ekunyora, nyanzvi dzakazotevera kuona mareferensi kuItaly Folklore, parody yevanyori venyika zhinji.
Basa reMauto
Muna 1570, de Cervanders akanyoreswa muSpain's Marine regineg, Infantía de Marina, iyo yakamiswa muNaples (ipapo guta raive ndima yeSpanish). Mombe iri gore jaya risati rarira pakurwa. MunaSeptember 1571, Miguel akafamba nechikepe kuBay's Bay, uko kurwa kwakaitwa muhondo yechiGumiguru 7 kuDradano pakati peiyo Fradano Ligie neEttoman Humambo.
Kana paine kurwa, Miguel de curervanes akarara mufivha. Pasinei nematambudziko ehutano, murume wechidiki uyu akabvuma kumutendera kurwa, achiti aida kufira Mwari wake uye mambo kupfuura zvaaizotariswa nemakambani. Mumwe munyori wenguva yemberi akagamuchira maronda matatu emapfuti - maviri muchipfuva uye mumwe muruboshwe, bugo rekupedzisira rakagadzirwa naCervanes rimwe chete. Mubasa rake rekutanga "Galatia", zvichireva kuti budiriro inokurumidza "Don quixote", akanyora kuti:
"Ndakarasikirwa nekufamba kweruoko rweruboshwe mukubwinya kwerudyi."Kwehafu yegore yakatora de cervanes yekupora, muna 1572 akadzokera kumutsara. Kwemakore matatu akatevera, murume wacho ainyanya kuitawo naples, dzimwe nguva achiita shanduko kuzvitsuwa zveCorfu naNavarino. Miguel akaona kurwa kweLa Gulelet, iyo yaimbove guta guru reTunisia, uye kudonha kwenyika ino.
Mukuwa kwa1575, DE CervicNices yakafamba kubva kuNaples kuenda kuBarcelona ine kurudziro tsamba dzamambo Spain. Mazviri, mutungamiriri wejeri akarumbidza zvakanakira musoja uye akatizira kuwedzera basa. Fate akaraira neimwe nzira: Mangwanani aSeptember 26, zvinosimbisa muranda wechikepe kuenda kune boarding.
Munyori wenguva yemberi uye, maererano nerimwe humbowo, mukoma wake Rodrigo akaendeswa kuAlgeria (ipapo pakati pehushe hweOttoman) ndokutapwa. Mumwe murume akagara muuranda kusvika 1580, kanomwe nguva dzisina kubudirira kutiza. Pakupedzisira, vabereki vakatenga rusununguko rwevanakomana mari yakakura kubva kuOttomans - vanokurudzira tsamba kuna mambo vakasimudza zvinodiwa mumusoro waDe carervanes.
Iyi biogrags chidimbu chinodzokororwa zvinotaurwa mubasa re de cervanters. Zvinotendwa kuti munhau yemusungwa kubva kuna Don Quixote, hupenyu huri muAlgeria "uye" magaro aAlgeria "zviitiko zvechisikigo izvo zvisingagoni kutsanangura munhu aive asiri muuranda.
Basa
Kusunungurwa kubva kuutapwa, de cervants vaigara nevabereki vake kuMadrid. Panguva iyoyo, akatotanga kunyora, asi, sevanyori vazhinji venguva iyoyo, vakatadza kudya mari. Kusikwa kwaifanira kusanganiswa pamwe chete nebasa rakajairika.
MuAndaydia, Miguel akashanda semumiriri wekutakura ngarava: Ndakanga ndichitsvaga mitengo yezviyo, butter, zvimwe zvigadzirwa, uye ndobva ndatenga zvikepe. Akangosiya mari yakagadzirirwa kupedzwa kwemudziyo unotevera, mubhengi. Iye, ave asina kuchena kuna ruoko rwake, akapedza zvese. Nekuti uyu munyori aipedza mwedzi yakati wandei mutorongo. Zvichida, mukupedzisa uye pfungwa ye "Don quixote" yakatanga.
Gare gare, de cervants vakashanda semuteresi uye accountant. Mumakore achangopfuura ehupenyu, kubva kuna 1616 kusvika muna 1616th, murume aigara pamudyandigere, izvo zvakaita kuti vape mabhuku akatenderedza wachi.
Mabhuku
De varwere vakapinda munzira yekunyora paakanga aine makore makumi matatu nemasere. Dhebheti "Galatea" (1585) yakanyorwa mumhando yekirasi yenguva yake - chinyorwa chechifundisi. Basa racho rakaramba risina hanya nenharaunda yakanyanya, uye munyori iye amene haana kufadzwa ne "isina" pfungwa yeiyo yekutanga sampuli yepeni.
Mumutongo wejeri kune de carervanes, ayo kubva kune zvakasikwa aive nekuseka, zano rakauya kuzonyora parody of rights dzevhu, dzakakurumbira muCentury yezana reXI. Iyo Arstanta yakagadzira mufananidzo wevakuru Solombrode, uyo, achiverenga nyaya dzezvombo mumidziyo, akasarudza kuenda kunyika yekutsvaga zviitiko.
Iyo Noble Don Quixote kubva kumusha kweLa Mancho inoperekedza Antipode yake Sancho Psa - murombo akareruka anoshandiswa kune praimic atarise zvinhu. Izvo zvakakosha kuti Iye atore dock uye chitsuwa, kudzima muridzi kubva panjodzi uye kutsanangura nenzira yakakodzera nzira iyo mhepo mhepo haisi mamaira.
Iyo prototype yeRomance inoshandurwa inopenga inoshanda lope de vega, iyo yekutamba, mabasa avo aive mukuru kune mukurumbira webhuku rebhuku. Pane imwe nguva, mudetembi, chirairo chekunyora outobiographiographiographiographiogranoa rerudo, akaenda akaenda ku rwendo rweNyika muchikepe, achikanda mudzimai nevana. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti Miguel haana kungogadzira basa rakakura kwazvo rezororo regoridhe, asi akagadzirawo chirikadzi nemuvengi.
Nyowani pamusoro pemakona emufananidzo wakasuruvara wakabuda mumavhoriyamu maviri: "Chit Roma Hidalgo Don Quixote Laman" muna 1605 Kuenderera mberi kwacho kwaive, pane kudaro, muna 1614, mumwe munhu ane humwe hazvo, ane hunhu hwake hahubudiswe, rakaburitswa chikamu cheiyo novel "Don quixote aleeledy". Basa racho rakatungamirwa kubva kuna Dervanes.
"Don quixote" mupiro wakakura kune tsika yepasirese. Feor Dostoevsky akadanidzirwa kuRoma de Cervantes "iyo yakakosha kwazvo basa rekufunga kwevanhu." Yakanga iri muDon Quixote iyo yakazvarwa chirevo "kuti utonge pudding, zvakafanira kuravira," zvichireva kuti zvese zvinotariswa mukuita.
De curanties vakatenda kuti zvipenga zvawo zvive zvevanopasiera kupfuura zvevaItaly, Giovanni Bocicccio. Nekuda kweizvi, munyori akagadzirwa "anoburitsa zvinyorwa" (1613) - muunganidzwa unosanganisira nyaya gumi nembiri. MuRondedzero, munyori anoita semunhu, anopa magamba kune rusununguko uye mufaro. Mavara anouya kune anodiwa kuburikidza nekutambudzwa, asi mufaro wokukunda unonyevedza chete.
Pamambakwedza ehupenyu hwaDet, ndakanyora bhuku revaSherilas neSikimunda rwendo, iro rakabudiswa kare mushure mekufa kwemunyori, muna 1617. Pamwe, mune iri basa, Spaniard akaedza kutevedzera heliodhi yekare eGreek.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nezve hupenyu hwomunhu oga hwaMiguel de cervanes anoziva zvishoma. Musi waDecember 12, 1584, mukadzi ane makore 19 catalina Palalina paLalasar akava mukadzi wake wemakore makumi matatu nematatu. Dowry vasikana vakabatsira imwe nguva yekuvapo pasina iyo. Panguva imwecheteyo, DE Cervanter yaive nemwanasikana wekuwedzera isabel kubva kune aya de a Rojas. Kana ari kubatana newaanoshanda naye, aive akapfugama uye akawira pasi kusvika kuma150s.Rufu
68 mapoka ane makore 68 akasimba akafa muMadrid musi waApril 22, 1616. Maererano nezvipupuriro zvevanachiremba vemazuva ano, chirwere cheshuga chemuenzaniso II chinokonzerwa nedenderedzwa rechiropa chave chakonzera rufu. Aya marimu anotsanangudza nyota yakasimba iyo iyo munyori akanyunyuta mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu.
Maererano neTestamente Of Kubvumbi 23, DE CVVANTES yakavigwa mumamongi eBosnutogii trinitarians pakati peMadrid. Muna 1673 panguva yekuvakazve kwenzvimbo inosara yemunyori, pamwe nevamwe vanhu, vakamiswa kunzvimbo yakachengeteka, uyezve vaisagona kuwana - guva raisave nezviratidzo.
Muna 2014, vanochera matongo vakawana kuchema muvanhu vakazorora vanhu gumi. Mukati meiyo chifukidziro cheimwe yemabhokisi, ms pakutanga akagogodzwa kunze. Pahwaro hweMunyori wemunyori, maronda matatu anowanikwa muhondo kuDongato, uye chokwadi chekuti chete mazino chete aingoiswa nemunyori ", masayendisiti akagumisa kuti kwaive kwakaita zvisikwa zvevakamboita . Pana June 11, 2015, akavigwa mumamongi ari pasi peTombstone Miguel de Cervants Saoveovoror.
BHAIBHERI
- 1585 - "Galatia"
- 1605 - "Bvisa Hadilgo Don quixote Laman"
- 1613 - "Yakagadzirirwa Vols"
- 1614 - "Rwendo rwekupararira"
- 1615 - "Chikamu chechipiri chebrilliant knight Don quixote kubva kuLamanchi"
- 1615 - "Sere comedies uye nhengo sere, nyowani, nyowani, isina kumbobvira yaendesa pachikuva"
- 1617 - "Zvishongo zvePeryl uye SikHismunday"