Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Hunhu hukuru hwe autobiographical tungamira kuMaxim Gorky "hudiki ". Mukomana ane nguva yakaoma, ayo aive nezvakashata zvakawanda, urombo uye chisimba mushure mekufa kwaBaba.Nhoroondo Yezvisikwa
Nyaya yacho, iyo nyaya inoti "Upwere" yakazokura, ambuya yeAkulin "uye akaburitswa muSamara Gazeta muna 1895. Shanda nenyaya, zvakadaro, akanonoka, uye akapedza kudzidza kubva muzvinyorwa zvinorwadza muna Zvita 1913 muItari.
Nyaya yacho "Mudiki" muna 1938 yaive yakavakirwa paBiographical Firimu "yehudiki yeGorky", iyo yakaburitswa ku studio "Soya film". Iye mukuru weTepi aive mucherechedzo Donskoy, uye basa reAsheri Peshkov akaitwa naVactor Alexey murevi wenhema.
Vatsoropodzi vatsoropodzi vanotenda kuti "autobographical" vechidiki veGorky "vechidiki", "muvanhu" uye "maSunivhesiti angu" vanofunga kutsanangurwa kwakavimbika kwehupenyu hwemakore mumakore ekutanga hazvigoneke. Aya haasi zvinyorwa zvemazhizha, uye zviitiko chaizvo zvinokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekufungidzira kweGorky. Mataurirwo acho akanganisa nyaya idzi, chokwadi chekuti zvinyorwa zvakasikwa muRevolution nguva, tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu matsva uye zvikumbiro zveruzhinji.
Gorky mythologization nhoroondo yemhuri ye pussy uye cascore, uye iyo huru hunhu - Alyosha Peshkov - haiwanzo kuzivikanwa chaizvo neinovava. Pamusoro pevazhinji uye zviitiko zvine hwaro chaihwo uye hwakavakirwa pane ndangariro dzeGorky nezvehudiki, mune zvinyorwa mune zviitiko zvakawanda zvekunyepedzera uye magamba. Hazvigoneke kufunga nezvenyaya yacho mune chaiyo chaiyo yeiyo yemunyori biography.
MuNizhny Novgorod muyadhi yeMuseum yeMusinate yeMarky Gorky muna 1957, chigadziko kuAleche Peshkov zvakanunurwa, izvo zvinoratidza zvemunyori iye semwana aine bhuku mumaoko mumaoko mumaoko.
Tale "
Iro zita rehunhu hombe yeiyo nyaya "vechidiki" vanozvinyudza neZita razvino reMaxim Gorky - Alexey MaksHkov Peshkov. Alyosha ane chitarisiko chisina kusimba - kureba kureba pamufananidzo akaonda uye akajeka, mhino yemhino, inoonekwa cheki. Panguva imwe chete, iyo gamba re deta uye yakasimba kwemakore ake.
Alyosha Peshkov ari nyore kudzidza, nekukurumidza anokudziridza kuverenga uye arithmetic, asi haigoni kushivirira tsamba uye anonzwisisa zvakashata girama. Iyo gamba ine ane musoro memory uye hunhu hwakasindimara.
Vabereki veAlyosha vanotanga kugara muNizhy Novgorod, muFlegene, vakakomberedzwa nebindu. Gamba rakazvarwa imomo. Ipapo Alyosha nemhuri yake anoenda kuAstrakhan. Hupenyu hwekutanga hwegamba hunozadzwa nekusateedzera uye mufaro. Iye mukomana haawanzo kuitika kuchema, zvirango zvepanyama hazvishande kuna Alyasha. Hupenyu nevabereki hunoramba riripo renzvimbo yakajeka mukuyeuka kwegamba.
Baba verombo ndeimwe yemifananidzo mishoma yakanaka mune nyaya, mufaro uye murume ane mutsa. Nekudaro, anofa mangwanani, achirwara Khollera. Kutevera baba, hama yaAlyosa iri kufa. Mushure meizvozvo, amai nevambuya vegamba pamwe chete nemukomana vanodzokera kuNizhy Novgorodhi.
Ikoko, Alesha Peshkov anogara mumhuri yaamai - mumba maKashirini, uko kunobata mamiriro ekunze, uye vanhu vanovenga mumwe nemumwe. Hama dzinogara dzichipopotedzana uye kunyange kurwa. Alesha akatambura zvisina kujairika kune mamiriro akadaro anotambura, asi achiedza kuvanza mamiriro aya, achipinda mukurwa nevakomana mumugwagwa uye zvakashata. Iyo gamba inowanzo kudzoka kumba nemhino yemavara.
Sekuru Alyoshi murume wekare wekare, murume ane hutsinye, anowanzoita mhirizhonga mudzimba, muridzi wemusangano wakanaka. Nasekuru vanorova magamba ekudzika uye akambotarisa mukomana kusvika kuHurumende isingazive, saka anoshandisa gamba kwemamwe mazuva, kurwadziwa. Mhirizhonga yakaitwa Alyosha isina kujairika kubata uye inonzwisa tsitsi kurwadziwa. Sezvo magamba anokura uye anova akasimba, sekuru vanotonyanya kusimudza ruoko paari, zvavasiya kupika. Iyo gamba pachezvake inotanga kutyora mabumbiro asekuru kazhinji.
Amai vaAlyosha vanokanda mwanakomana wavo kuna iye anofara vasekuru vake uye havanyatsofarira kurerwa kwegamba. Imba inorarama zvakare babamunini Alyosha - Varume vakuru vane mhuri. Avo havana kuwandisa kuoneka hanzvadzi nemwana. Sekuru Aleshi - Nikudushny host, uye panguva imwe chete yave nguva yakareba yanga ichirota yekupatsanura imba yemhuri nekupararira. Nekudaro, sekuru, vachipa kuti hazvizopera pasina chinhu chakanaka, hachipe nhaka yenyaya. "Mumwe chete" munhu akanaka mumba mambuya, ayo anodzivirira alyosha.
Imba iyi inogarawo mwanakomana wokurera waIvan Gyps, anonyanya kutyisidzira sekuru kunyora hupfumi pane zvinogumbura vana. Gypsies - mushandi wechidiki akavimbika ane hunhu hwakazvimirira, tenzi mubhizinesi rake, uye izvi sebhizinesi rake rasekuru. Alyosha anosangana ne gypsy uye nekukurumidza nekuwedzera kusvika, asi munguva pfupi misodzi inofa, yaitaura muchinjiko wakakura, uyo akatsungirira gamba nababamunini. Babamunini verufu urwu vakanga vasingaenzaniswi.
Hupenyu mumhuri yasekuru, mumba maKashirini, kusuruvara, kurota uye kurota, nekuda kwei gamba nguva nenguva kutambudza kurwiswa kwekurwadzisa, paAlyosha "pagomba rakadzika ... muganho. " Mufambiro nemamiriro ekunze egamba anobatsira kuratidzwa kuna Mwari. Manzwiro echitendero aive chete mwenje uye uchikurudzira kunzwa muhupenyu hwegamba, nepo hupenyu chaihwo nehutsinye nemadhaka chete achifara muAleach Aleach uye kutuka.
Nezera reAlyoshaa, sekuru vakanyarara chose kutya uye "kurwa kure nemaoko." Amai vacho vanopa gamba kuchikoro, kwaanonzwa kupfekwa, asi zvichiri kutyisidzira kuve kutyisidzira kwekubvisirwa nekuda kweHoligen maitiro. Pasinei nekusakendenga kwekudzidza, gamba rinoda bhuku racho. Rimwe zuva, Alyoshen anotenga amai vaamai Alessen, vanoverenga ngano dzeAnderen, vanoverengera nemufaro. Nekudaro, Amai vanorova gamba ndokutora mabhuku.
Mukupedzisira, musangano waSanta waSanta uchiri kufambisa babamunini, uye Alyosha naambuya vake naambuya vake vachienda kumba nyowani. Munzvimbo itsva iri kugamba, mavadheni matsva anoonekwa, pakati pavo - mukomana akaoma mutezo Lenka. Ivo vakomana vanobvisa kunze kweimba pane trolley, iyo yaive yakavakirwa izvi.
Amai, vachiri, vakaroora kechipiri, uye Alyosha anova chapupu kune mashandisiro anoita baba vemwana. Gare gare, gamba, pamwe chete naambuya vake, juts mukicheni, vamwe amai vacho vagara mumakamuri maviri.
Hupenyu hwaAlyoshi nasekuru vane mari vanopa zvatekuru sekuru, asi zvinhu zviri kuenda zvakashata. Mushure mechikamu chemusangano uye kudzikira kwebhangi, murume wekare anotoreredzwa mari. Sekuru vanotengesa zvakanaka, vakavhenganiswa kwemakore mazhinji, asi mari iyi iri kushaya hupenyu. Mukupedzisira, sekuru Alyosha inoyerera ichida uye inoshanduka kuita mupemhi, iyo inokanganiswa neyakajairika alms.
Pashure pokunge vanasikana vaparadzwa, vese gamba iye amene, uye ambuya vanofanirwa kutsvaga basa kuti rirarame. Mangwanani, mukomana ane bhegi rinopfuudza chivanze, kuunganidza mapepa, zvipikiri nemapfupa emombe, uye tobva tatengesa mapepa akaunganidzwa nemarara aine dummy pane dummy. Iri "basa renguva" rakauya mudiki, saka Alyosha akatanga kuba huni dzemoto mumadondo warehouse.
Gamba rinova mukomana wemumugwagwa uye anotendeuka shamwari pakati pevamwe vakadaro vakadaro. Hupenyu hwakadaro hwakawanda sekuda kwechiedza pane hupenyu mumhuri. Mumugwagwa, gamba rakazvinzwa rakazvimiririra uye rakaedzwa kunzwira tsitsi kuti vagare vachida kuti "vaite chimwe chinhu chakanaka." Vakomana vaigara pamwe chete uye vasina kupika nemumwe. Mumhuri, gamba rinonzwa kusurukirwa, kusagutsikana, kutsamwa uye kunodaidza zviri kuitika kumba "kusava noupenyu."
Sezvo apedza kirasi yechipiri, gamba rinokanda chikoro uye rinodzokera kuhupenyu hwemumugwagwa uye basa. Zvichakadaro, amai vaAhidhi vakafa nekuda kwevatengi, uye mushure memazuva mashoma mushure memariro, sekuru vakatyaira gamba kubva pamba. Saka Alyosha akaenda kuvanhu - akatanga kurarama akazvimirira.
Iye oga munhu akakosha mumhuri yaAlyosha Peshkova vakava vambuya uye mukadzi ane mutsa uye asina zororo anonzi Apulin, uyo akasara shamwari yepamoyo yegamba muhupenyu hwese. Semwana, gamba raiziva gomo, asi mukuremekedza kuzhinji nekutenda kwaasekuru vakakwanisa kuchengetedza mwoyo wakanaka.