Biography
Mabasa ake anonyanya kujairika eSoviet, uyezve iyo yeRussia sculptor Ernst isingazivikanwe yakagadzirwa muUnited States. Tenzi aida nyika yeNyika, mushure mekushisa, iyo inzvimbo yekunamatira senge "Anopenga masks" muIkaterinburg, nyika chete haina kuikoshesa. Zita reErnst risingazivikanwe kwete kumunhu wese, asi basa rake rakajairika: Vanyoreri ve "Tefa" premium "vachiri kupa iyo stauto of the purousiti yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nemakedheni eiyo sculptor.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ernst iosieviviri munhu asingazivikanwe akaberekwa muna Kubvumbi 9, iye zvino Ekaterlevsk (iye zvino Ekaterlevsk (iye zvino Ekaterinburg Uchehu hwaErnttaifaovic hwakaitika zvakadzikama, pasina madhiri uye anodonha. Akadzidza kuchikoro Nhamba 16 yeSverdlovsk, haana kugamuchira fungidziro yakakwirira, zvakare yakaderera. Zvese nekuti mukomana akapa zvido kune art, uye kwete "kufinha" sainzi.
Muna 1939, munhu asingazivikanwe akatanga kuburitsa basa reruzhinji, achitora chikamu mumakwikwi ese emubatanidzwa wevana kugona kwevana. Akauya nechimwe chinhu chitsva chekuwisirwa gore rega rega kusvikira kubvumidzwa kwechipiri kwechikoro chegumi neyese-yeRussia nhoroondo yeumhizha muna 1942.
MunaAugust 1942, Erst asingazivikanwe akaendeswa kunodzidza pachikoro chepfuti chemauto eTurkmenistan. GORE Rakatora jaya racho kuti rikudziridze zivo nyowani, uye muna Gumiguru 1943 aive akatungamirwa nemudyarari anofamba-famba kune mauto eirborne achangoumba chidimbu chechina cheUkraine.
Muna Kurume 1944, munhu asingazivikanwe akazova mukuru wepfupi platoon yeAnosvika 86th varindi pfuti dzinopararira dzehondo yechi5 yakavhunduka. Sculptor yemberi yakanga isiri kugara mugedhi, yakaratidza ushingi uye ushingi panguva yekukuvara kweBudapest. Pakambonyudza tsamba kuti yagamuchira gwaro ravakaurawa kuti akauraya vanhu gumi nevatanhatu muhondo-ye-ruoko.
"Ndakatya, handirangariri izvi. Ini ndinorangarira, ini ndaibva ndafunga kuti: "Tinofanira kurwa, iwe unofanirwa kurwa. Iko hakuna imwe nzira kunze. Uye rufu kupi? ". Pamberi pemberi ndakanzwa kusafa, "ndakayeuka bepanhau risingazivikanwe Komersant mubvunzurudzo.Wakatofanira kurongeka kwehondo huru yehondo, munhu asingazivikanwe akawana kukuvara kwakaoma uye akapotsa akarambana nehupenyu. Musi waApril 22, 1945, mazuva 17 asati azvipira weNazi Germany, brewer yemangwana yaive patafura yekushandisa muAustria. Yaive ne3 Intervertebral discs, uye iyo yemhando yemhando yakazadzwa nemhepo.
Jaya racho rakapona pamakumbo e diaphragm, kutemwa kwakazara kwemapapu, asi semhedzisiro yacho yakaziviswa akafa. Zvekushinga zvinoratidzwa muhondo, zvisingazivikanwe "posthumusy" akapa kurongeka kweiyo nyeredzi tsvuku (Ndeupi murume akagamuchira makore makumi maviri neshanu) uye menduru "kushinga."
Hupenyu hwemusoja wechidiki hwakachengetedza chiremba wemunda uyo akacherekedza kuti Ernst Iosifich. Mushure menguva yakati wandei inoshanda, mamiriro emurwere akaomarara. Chokwadi, mamwe makore matatu mushure mehondo, zvisingazivikanwe akafamba pamakumbo, zvisingawanzo kufamba nemusango, marwadzo ane ruzivo akanyura morphine chete, akaumbwa. Nekudaro, kunyangwe izvi kukuvara kunotyisa hakuna kugona kuparadzaniswa neunzivikanwe nehunyanzvi.
Zvisikwa
Muna 1946-1947, zvirema zvisingazivikanwe zvakanyorwa nezivo yakarasikirwa nehondo kuAcademy yeActs muRiga, yakabva yapinda muMoscow art Institute. V. I. Surikova. Pano, munhu asingazivikanwe akagamuchira yekutanga kurongeka - iyo dhizaini yekufumurwa muChirangaridzo Museum ye ya. M. SVERDLOVA (IZVO - iyo Nyika Museum yeYekaterinburg). Zvekuratidzira, mudzidzi akaita kuti mugadzike "Yakov SVERDLOV kufona pane iyo Ural Vashandi kumhirizhonga" uye kuumbwa "Yakov Sverdlov anounza Lenin naStalin."
Mabasa anoitwa mune yerumwe rudzi akavezwa mukuratidzira, uye kuma1970s vakaedza kurasa. Kana vashandi vevashandi veMuseum vasina kuvanza mifananidzo yezvivakwa zvekunyepedzera, kutanga kusingazivikanwe kungarasika. Kubvira 2009, aya maviri mabasa anokwana kuratidzwa kweHurumende Museum of Yekaterinburg.
Tarenda remuti waimbove musoja muna 1950 akaonga iyo Treyakov Garari, uye prept yeKremlin Worth Bhiza Feor
Mukutanga kwa1950s, munhu asingazivikanwe, kukera zvinotyisa zvehondo huru yenyika, yakagadzira kutenderera kwekutenderera "iyi ...", Apogee akafa "(1957). Ichi chifananidzo chakadururwa kubva mu bronze ndeyechikamu chakarara chine benzi, chingangoita mapopoma muchipfuva, asi chibhakera chakakandwa chakakandwa chiratidzo chevasina kuswededzwa nemusoja weRussia.
"Murwi akafa" chifananidzo chidiki, asi mumakore iwayo zvisingazivikanwe akatanga kutanga kuwanda. Akabata pfungwa yeiyo albhamu, iyo yakanzi "Giantaaja, kana kurwa kwehowa".
Anorwara asingazivikanwe akafunga nezve "muti wehupenyu", iro basa rakatanga muna 1956 ndokuenderera mberi nekutama. Maererano nepfungwa yeiyo sculptor, chivakwa chine moyo-yemoyo chaive chaive chekuva ne7 JEBISUS inotendeuka, "mukati" chaizadzwa nehuwandu hwevana nevakuru, zvinhu zvemuviri, zviratidzo nezviratidzo.
Kubva kwa1998, munhu asingazivikanwe akaiswa mu "muti weupenyu" anenge zviuru mazana masere. Kubva muhomwe yako. Kuisa mayeresa weMosco, Yuri Luzhkov, akatarisana neyakaomarara yezvivakwa zveMunyandakadzi weCancil yekukurukurirana kwehupfumi pane itsva arbt. Nekuda kweizvozvo, muna 2004, "muti" wehupenyu "wakashongedza kutenga uye varaidzo Center" Bridge "Burnation". Muchifananidzo, Yuri Gagarin uye Buddha, tepi yeMöbius, Croctifix, mapepa ekudzingwa kubva kuParadhiso anofungidzirwa muzvikamu.
GORE gore rimwe nerimwe, munhu asingazivikanwe akaunzwa pabasa revaSoviet Masters: "Kuzviuraya" (1958), "Adhama"), "Kuedza" . Zvinosiririsa zviverengero zvakabatana zvichiratidzira kuratidzwa kwevanovavarira muMoscow, izvo zvakange zvazvipira kumakore makumi matatu ebazi reMocons reMubatanidzwa weUSSR. Pakati pevashanyi vanokudzwa vaiva nikita Khrushchev.
Mutungamiriri weSoviet Union kusikwa kweVashandi-Garders haina kukoshesa. Mukutaura kwakanyanyisa, iye orruga uye Ernst isingazivikanwe, achidana basa rake "degenerative".
Inofungidzirwa kuti nikita Khrushchev haina kushoropodza vatenzi zvakanyanya, kana aiziva kuti akakunda mumakwikwi ehondo yechikuru muhondo huru yehondo uye akagadzira mifananidzo yeRourtoevsky "mhosva uye chirango". Mune mamwe mazwi, chisingazivikanwe chakamirirwa kupesana nemashure evamwe vadhinda uye maartist. Nenzira, gare gare kunyora Ernst Joseffich Joseforvich akashora mabhuku eDante inobatanidzwa uye naSamueri beckett.
Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti nikita Khrushchev's Kravelev inotora gravestone yakagadzirwa uye yakavezwa neisina kuzivikanwa pachikumbiro chehama dzeMusoro wekare weUSSR.
Kubva pakutanga kwe1960 isati yatama muna 1976, munhu asingazivikanwe akasarudzika, "Kuzvarwa kwazvinoshamisa" Center "," Craufixi ", Cauk". Kwemakore gumi nemashanu, zvaigoneka kutengesa chete 4 basa kubva kune izvi zvakanangana.
Munhu asingazivikanwe aisada kusiya soviet Union, asi simba "rakamutsa". Muna June 1973, svutugadzike yakamonera magwaro ekutamira kuna Israeri, uye muna Kurume 1976, mushure megore rinotyisa mune zvikanganiso, ndokufamba neSwitzerland muUnited States. Muna 1977 akagara muNew York.
Iri ibasa rakakura kwazvo rezvisingazivikanwe mukukwira kwaive kuiswa kwemukati kune vanobatwa neStalinist kudzvinyirira. Sculptor yakanetseka kuti igadzire "makona eshungu" - Triptych kubva Mukurangarira Miradan, Yekaterinburg naVorkuta. Pfungwa iyi yaive yakazara muchikamu. Iyo 15-metro monument "mask kusuwa" yakaonekwa muMagadani muna1996. Wakatofa mushure mekufa kweanoshamisa, muna 2017, mita matatu "yeEurope -Euro- asia" yakavhura muYekaterinburg, yakashandurwa zvine musoro ichienzaniswa neiyo yekutanga sketch. Triptych haina kumbowedzera chifananidzo muVorkuta.
Hupenyu Hwako
Ernsta usingazivikanwe aive nemadzimai maviri. Yekutanga ndeye ceramist dina petrovna mukukhin. Mukunda waOlza akaberekerwa muwanano, wakazova muimbi.
Mugore rechimakumi manomwe nehupenyu, svutugadzike akaroora Anna Graham, mushanduri. Pamwe chete vakakurudzira mwanasikana Olivia. Zvinoenderana neisina kuzivikanwa:
"Anga akazarura rumwe rutivi rwehupenyu, rwandisina kuziva: kuva murume uye ndive nemutoro."Pakutanga, murume uyu haana kuwana hunhu hwezvakareva, sezvaakazvireva.
Rufu
Makore makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu Elknst zvisingazivikanwe akafa muna Nyamavhuvhu 9, 2016, mushure mekurwara kwenguva refu, muNew York. Kuziviswa kwechikonzero kwekufa kwemuvaki kwakakonzera kusanakisa Peresya nezveupenyu hwake: anonzi Ana Graham akauya kumurume wake nemakore apfuura.Guva reErnst risingazivikanwe riri pane Shelton Island muNew York. Mariro akaitika muOrthodox Niklesky Cathedral kuManhattan. Sekureva kwaFelix komarov's sculptor, murume "akabvunza kuti hapana midziyo yakaiswa paguva, uye chete yeRussia Orthodox muchinjiko." Pamwe kuda kwekupedzisira kweasina kuzadziswa kwakazadziswa, asi mufananidzo unosimbisa izvi hazvisi.
Shanda
- 1962 - "Centaur anoti"
- 1966 - "Prometheusho uye Vana Venyika"
- 1971 - "Ruva Ruva"
- 1988 - "Kuburikidza Nemadziro"
- 1993 - "Munhu achipopota"
- 1994 - Orphuus
- 1995 - "Mwana Egoridhe"
- 1996 - "Mask Kusuwa"
- 2000 - "Rumutsiriro"
- 2004 - "Muti weHupenyu"
- 2017 - "mask shungu: Europe-asia"