Biography
Karl orf muimbi wechiGerman uye mutambi, ndeapi anonzi vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanodaidza kuti Bavaria muyedzo. Mabasa emunyori akasiyanisa uye akapusa, asi panguva imwe chete iyo inoshamisa uye inonakidza. Cantata "Carmina Burana" inoonekwa seyakakurumbira chisikwa che orf. Mubasa rake, kunyorwa kunosimudzira symbiosis yemimhanzi uye yemitambo. Haana kuda kuti mimhanzi yake iwirirane neiyo yakachena opera genre.
Mupiro mukuru wemimhanzi hausi mugove wevanyori wake chete, iwo ane maitiro akagadzirwa pepagegical. Orc akafunga nezvekurera vechidiki uye vakaita kubheja pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwesimba rekugadzira remunhu.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Munich akave nyika yaMary orfa yaKarl. Mukomana akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 10, 1895. Aive wedzinza redzinza revaJudha. Mamiriro ekunze aakasika agara achitonga mu lephic imba. Baba vakanyatsove neyakawana zviridzwa, saka mwanakomana anokurudzira akanzwa kubva kumakore madiki. Iko kuvandudzwa kwekusika kugona kwakabatsira kuna amai, vaichengeta kurerwa kweMwanakomana.
Mumhanzi waifarira Karl kubvira ndichiri mudiki. Aida kuteerera vabereki vairidza, uye zvishoma nezvishoma vakatanga kudzidza zvinhu zvekushandisa. Kana orfacis paive nemakore mana, akatanga kuona mashandiro emukuru wechiPuppet. Mwana akafadzwa kwazvo uye kubva ipapo aigaro airidzwa mumadhora.
Pazera ramakore mashanu, akatanga kugona kugona mutambo wepiyano. Aifarira kugadziridza, uye mimhanzi gramu yakapihwa isina kuoma. Mukomana ane makore 6 akapa kuchikoro. Kuziva kare kuverenga uye kunyora kuti kuna amai, Karl zvakarasikirwa nezvidzidzo, asi zvine zvirevo zvakanyorwa uye nyaya dzimba dzekumba. Mabasa maviri emunyori wechidiki akatodhindwa mumagazini yevana.
Kuda kune iyo puppet theatre yakawedzera. Karl akatanga kuisa zviitwa zvomumba, achikwezva hanzvadzi mudiki. Akataura nemunyori wemimhanzi, zvinyorwa uye zvirongwa. Pa14, jaya rakashanyira imba ye opera kekutanga. Achijairana ne "Hondo yeDutch" Richard Wagner, akafadzwa, akakanda chikoro uye akapedza nguva yese yepiyano. Pa 16 Karl akakanda kuimba yekurovedza muviri uye akatanga kugadzirira vabereki vake kuti vadzidze kuMimhanzi Academy. Jaya racho rakauya muna 1912.
Chirongwa cheChikoro chakasashanda kune imwe nherera kuravira. Akapinda pakatarisana nebasa reClaude dobussy uye aida kuenda kuParis kudzidza kubva kuchidhori, asi vabereki vaivepo. Mushure mekupedza kudzidziswa muna 1914, Karl akazova musangano paOpera imba ndokuenderera mberi nekutora zvidzidzo kubva kuna Herman tslera.
Muna 1916 akawana chinzvimbo cheKammerser pa "Kammershpil" Theatre. Mufaro weiyo novice yemucheto yaive pfupi: Akapindira hondo. Jaya rakakwira kumabvazuva kumberi, akakuvara uye akashandiswa uye akadzokera kumashure. Akaenderera mberi nebasa rake mumitambo yeMannheim, ndokuenda kuMunich.
Mumhanzi
Kuda kupinza kukosha kwezvinhu, iyo orf yakafarira pedagogy. Aiita mudzidzisi, achitaura nevaimbi vanoronga kupinda mumumhanzi waacademy, asi pfungwa iripo yedzidziso haina kugutsikana. Muna 1923, pamwe chete newaunozivana, Gymnast, Günth, Karl akavhura chikoro cheGunderterhule kutamba uye mimhanzi, kwaakava mudzidzisi. Yakaratidza kutanga kwekusikwa kwenzira yake yedzidzo yemumhanzi. Iye munyori akarondedzera chiono chake mubhuku rainzi "Schververk". Akabuda muna 1932.
Iyo synthesis yekufamba, mimhanzi uye mazwi akarara pamoyo wenyaya yeiyo orph. Nzira dze "mimhanzi yevana" inosanganisira kuburitswa kweiyo kugona kwekusika kwemwana kuburikidza nekuvandudza mune imwe kana imwe nzvimbo.
Mugadziri akapa dzidzo nekudzidza mutambo pazviridzwa zvemimhanzi. Akavandudza "musi wemhizha wekutanga", kusanganisa maitiro ese nezwi rakawanda. Muimbi wechigadziri chaakagadzira, pasi pekuchinja, kuramba wakakodzera kuvandudza pamwe nevana.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, muumbi akachinja zvinhu zvekutanga uye zvakanyimwa mukugadzira mimhanzi zvakare. Chisikwa chake chakakurumbira chinozivikanwa chinofungidzirwa kuti "Carmina Burana" ("Carmina Burana"). Basa raive rakavakirwa pane nyaya ye "nziyo dza" Vakomana ", inowanikwa muna 1802 muBenedictine Monastery. Manyoro akarara nhetembo yaGeliradov, uyo akanyora mimhanzi pasi peiyo Karl yakanyorwa naKarl. Misoro yakamutswa nevanyori vezana ramakore rechigumi nematatu rakashandurwa kuve rakakodzera kuzana ramakore rechi20.
Manyoro aive pikicha yeiyo vhiri reruvara, iyo yaishanda senheyo yekuumbwa kwemidziyo. Vhiri rinotenderera, uye mamiriro acho anotsiviwa pachiitiko, mamiriro epfungwa. "Carmina Burana" akazova chikamu chechitatu chechitatu chetatu, uye Catulli carmina uye tronfo di afrodite - inotevera. Iye anofananidza akaunza mufundisi weMutambo weMweya wemunhu, ari kuyera pakati pekodzi uye pamweya.
Iyo yekutanga ye cantata yakaitika muna 1937. Basa racho rakabudirira zvakanyanya pakati pevaNazi rakauya pasimba. Gohebebs naHitler vaive vateveri vake vakuru. Kubudirira kweiyo chinyorwa ichi chakapora zvese zvakapfuura rombo redhora. Rwiyo "O Rwiyo" runoziva kunyange nevaya vasina kusimba mu opera.
Chiremera cheKarl Orfe zvakange zvakakwirira. Akapihwa mimhanzi kugadzira "kurara muhusiku hwechirimo". Kusikwa kwaFerikisi Mendelsdohn panguva iyoyo akarambidzwa kuGermany, uye imwe mhinduro yemugadziri yakaonekwa. Orf akaramba afuratira yake basa uye kuenderera mberi nekugadzirisa basa racho. Nekuda kweizvozvo, yekutanga yakavharirwa kusvika 1964.
Zvinoshamisa kuti zvichishamisa kuti pamberi pemidzi yechiJudha, muimbi akakwanisa kuhwina nzvimbo yehurumende yeGerman. Mukurwira kwehondo, akanyorwa muzvinyorwa zvitema zvekutarisa kwaHitler, asi dambudziko rakamupoteredza neushamwari neKurt Huber. Saka iyo orf yakawana mukana wekudzoka kuna pedagogy uye mimhanzi. Muna 1955, mutambi akagara mu dissene-On-ammsee, akazotamira kuSalbourg. Ikoko akatungamirirwa nepaInstitution uko nzira yake yekudzidza yaishandiswa kudzidza.
Kusimudzira Karl Orfe kunozivikanwawo kune zvakare mabasa akadai se "mwedzi", "akangwara", anonzi munyori weanoshamisa oparesheni, "antigon" uye "mambo edip". Muimbi wacho akatarisa zvakanyanya kukosha kweiyo rwiyo, uye zvishandiso zvake zvaaida zvaive zvigubhu.
Pakati pemabasa ekupedzisira emuumbi - iyo Inoshamisa kutamba "comedy pakupera kwenguva", yakagadzirwa muna 1973. Yakashandiswa mumafirimu "dzakaparadzwa nyika" uye "rudo rwechokwadi". Kubva 1975, orc yave ichiitwa mubhuku rezvishandiso kubva kune yake yekuchengetera.
Hupenyu Hwako
Karl orf yakanakidzwa nehanya kwevakadzi. Akaroora kekutanga mumakore makumi maviri nemashanu. Mukuru weMunyori aive muimbi we opera Alice Solzer. Mukadzi akazvara mwanasikana anonzi Mwari. Musikana ndiye ega mugari wenhaka weOrfa. Mimwe michato haina kumuunzira vana. Hupenyu hwomunhu eKarl uye Alice haana kuiswa. Pashure pemakore mashanu, kurambana kwakaitika, uye kubva 1925 kusvika 1939 muimbi akapihwa iye, pasina zvavanosungirwa.
Rudo rwechipiri rweshipi rwakava Chiremba Gertrud Willert. Musikana uyu aive mudiki pane makore 19 uye aisakwanisa kumumisa naye kweanopfuura makore mana. Muna 1954, Carl akasanganiswa nemuchato wemunyori Louise Rinzer, asi mubatanidzwa uyu waive usina kusimba. Pazera ramakore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, muumbi akaroora Liselotte Schmitz, akashanda semunyori. Musikana uyu aive mudiki kwazvo pane wakasarudzwa uye akava chapupu chekufa kwake. Muna 1982, mumwe wechichina wechiimbi akagadzira hwaro hwezita rake uye akakwanisa kurongeka kusvikira 2012.
Rufu
Biography yeKarl Orfe izere nezvezvinonakidza chokwadi zvinosimbisa kuti kuguma kwaive kwakamufadza. Hupenyu hwekupedzisira, akazova nhengo yemubatanidzwa weYunivhesiti yeRegensburg, iyo Nuremberg Acdemy yehunyanzvi, iyo nhoroondo yeumhizha bavaria neiyo Santa Castchilia. Uye zvakare, muimbi akazova chiremba weHonorary weYunivhesiti yeTubingen uye Munich University of Ludwig-Maximilian.
Karl Orf akadzokorora akagamuchira mibairo yekuziva mupiro wake kune hunyanzvi uye tsika yeGerman. Muna 1975, akaunzwa nechimiro cheguta rekurumbidza reguta reMunich, uye muna 2001, vazivi venyeredzi vakapa zita zita rake okusetera.
Orc akatambura kubva ku pancreattic cancer. Hosha yacho zvishoma nezvishoma yakatora hutano hwemugadziri uye rakonzera rufu. Karl Orf akafa pagore rechi8 rehupenyu, Kurume 29, 1982. Guruva rake rakavigwa muchechi yeiyo AndEx monastery pedyo naMarich.
Mushandi anoshanda
- 1937 - "Carmina Brana"
- 1937 - "Mwedzi"
- 1942 - "Katulli Carmina"
- 1943 - "Umnitsa"
- 1943-1945 - "Bernalerrin"
- 1947 - "Antigona"
- 1950 - "Aphrodite Kukunda"
- 1957 - "Tsar Edip"
- 1963 - "PREMAHEU"
- 1972 - "Zvandakavanzika Pakupera kwenguva"