Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Basa raNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol "Auditor" anoramba mavara anowanikwa mune chero nguva. Iwo mavara akatsanangura munyori anowanikwa munguva dzazvino. Naizvozvo, comedy inoramba yakakurumbira kweanenge mazana maviri emakore. Kuumbwa kunopa mifananidzo inoyevedza yevakuru. Anosangana nekambani kusimba hurumende yeguta.Nhoroondo Yezvisikwa
Shanda pane Auditor yakatanga mune makumi matatu ezana ramakore re19. Pakati peino nguva, Gogol akashanda pane zvekunyora "mweya yakafa", achinyatsobata mifananidzo yemagamba. Munyori akaunganidza zvinhu zvakamukurudzira kuratidza chokwadi cheRussia mubasa rakasiyana. Gogol haana kufunga nezve comedy "geni" rake. Zvakangodaro, panguva ino veruzhinji vakatoverenga "muchato" uye kufungidzira kuti ndedzipi nzira dzinoratidza munyori wemunyori.
Mukugadzirwa kwechirongwa chekutamba, Alexander Sergeevich puskin vakaparadzana. Akadzidzisa shamwari Anecdote, uyo akaziva kubva kumuparidzi wejongano "zvinyorwa". Chiitiko chakaitika pamusangano wemukuru wehurumende chakarondedzerwa nehombodo mumavara. Zvakare nyaya yakaitika kwaari iye amene: Pushkin akagamuchira muAudere muNizhny Novgorod, uko munyori akaunganidza zvinyorwa zvebasa rinotevera.
Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro aive asina kujairika mataundi mazhinji, saka gogol aisanganisira zano uye mwedzi miviri yakazotaurira "Auditor" manheru manheru eZhuhuvsky. Maererano nemunyori, aizoratidza kuti zvakaipa kuti zviripo muhofisi manejimendi, uye kubva kumweya kuseka. Satira, kusekwa, chikonzero chekurwisa zvikanganiso uye kusarongeka - ndizvo zvaive nechinangwa chekutamba. Iyo yekutanga yeiyo comedy mune yemitambo yakaitika muna 1836.
Vasilly Andreevich Zhuhuvsky aifanira kubvunzawo mambo nezvekushivirira kwekutamba nekugadzira. Kuita kwakagadzirwa muAlexandrinsky TheTater hakuna kufadzwa neGogol: Vatambi vakatya kupfuudza basa rakapinza rebasa uye rakanyorova toni nekugadzira mutyairi wekodhi. Akangotenderwa kare naIvan Sosnitsky akapfuura chirongwa chekutamba.
Nicholas i, uyo akaona yekutanga, aikoshesa kuseka. Kutamba kwacho kwakawira changamire kuravira, uye akaramba achipfuurira pakafundisi pamitambo yeRussia. Kufunga nezvekuita, Gogol akadzokorora akatonga zvinyorwa. Shanduro yekupedzisira yakaunzwa muna 1842.
Zano
Anton Antonvich Justopter-DMukhanovsky - Grey-bvudzi murume ane zvinhu zvakapinza zvechiso, zvichiramba uye mafuta. Mweya wake waitarisira kugara kwemakore makumi matatu pakubata. Iyo nzira inorema yekuvaka basa, iyo inobvumidzwa kutenga imba uye kuwana mabhenefiti anoenderana nechimiro, akaita muenzi wemunhu asina mweya uye ane udyire. Akakwanisa kurega kubva pamatanho akaderera, akakwenenzvera mashura ekufamba kubva kuhofisi uye nuances yekugadzirisa nyaya dzekutarisira.
Ginerbile akafungidzira zvinotyisa zvinhu izvo zvakaratidza vakuru vevakuru sevashandi veruzhinji. Wese munhu akagadziriswa nevanhu sezvaaida uye akakwira, achitora mukana weposvo uye chimiro. Kugamuchirwa, mamiriro ezvinhu umo mushandi mumwe anopa chiokomuhomwe, uye zvimwe zvinoigamuchira, unzenza - pano mutaundi retsika wedunhu, iro rakarondedzera Gogol.
Anton Antonvich haana kunetseka nezvebasa rake uye akapinza hupfumi hwemadhorobha, asi yake yemhedzisiro. Uye yekupedzisira yakamira pamusoro pezvose. Ginerle anoziva nzvimbo dzedambudziko, anozeza kuti zvinogona kutaurwa sei mukukanganisa, uye kunetseka kukuru kunoburitsa maneja mune nguva kutyisidzira ramangwana rake. Iyo yemunhu inotyisa inoratidzwa zvizere kana bobchinsky uye dobchinsky ichiti kuti Auditor anga ari mutaundi reBobchinsky. Anton Antonvich anonzwisisa kuti zvakafanira kutanga kusangana nevashe, uye mune iyi nyaya iye asina akaenzana.
Iye munhu wekutanga muguta, anotora chiokomuhomwe, uye anozviparire zvine hunyanzvi. Kuziva kuti rudzi rworudzii runofanira kuiswa, rinogadzira mufananidzo wemutungamiriri weanonamata. Khleshtakov anoita kunge guta rine hanya nevamwe nemafungiro ake kune vamwe ari kudedera. Zvinoita sekuti Anton Antonvich ari kufambira mberi kuti ubatsirwe nenyika uye kubatsira kwevanhu vake. Iyo inonzwisisika inotaridzika segamba rinotsanangura mubairo, vachiti zita remusoro webetseri. Kuenda kwainoitika mune yekutanga, yechipiri neyechitatu zviitiko, muchina chechina hachipo. Asi kutaurirana hakusi kupera nezvake.
Hunhu hwegamba reGogol vanowana kubva mumuromo wevanoshanda navo uye vagari. GrIChian uye Cynic, iyo egoist uye mutengi anokara kumudaidza kuti vashanyi kuHolstakov vakauya kuzobvunza rubatsiro. Vamiriri vevakasiyana emafuti vanouya kuimba yePseudoEvisor, vachikumbira dziviriro. Mamiriro ezvinhu ekugamuchira mhiko anokwevera mufananidzo wakazara wehupenyu hweguta. Chiokomuhomwe, Burestolubia, mhuri yakazara uye kukara kubwinya kuno.
Kupera kwekurondedzerwa kwechifananidzo cheGully kunova chiito chechishanu, umo gamba, rakakwira nenzvimbo, iri pakati pezviitiko. Pakutanga kwebasa, anofungidzira kuratidzwa. Wobva watora chechipiri kufema, ichiziva kuti ari pasi pekudzivirira kwehutungamiri, uye zviroto zvaachagara nemukadzi wake mu St. Petersburg semubatanidzwa wemufananidzo. Muchato unobatsira wemwanasikana wake akapikira kupedzisa kwebasa reguta.
Panguva iyoyo, uzivi hwegamba hunokwedhirowa zvakajeka, ndezvaani Biography anga aramba zvakapoteredzwa uye kukwidziridzwa kwehunhu hwake, kuwedzeredza kukosha kwayo. Kuzvikudza uye kuzvidza uye kuzvidza kunotanga kuonekwa mushoko rega rega, uye vakuru vakuru vanenge vakadyarwa kuna Anton Antonvich. HOPE gamba inobatwa kana ichinetsa kuzivikanwa kunoitika: Auditor yakaitika kuti isinga tsanangurike. Iyo scam iri kurova guta, aive Mamstaka mune zvekunyengera. Iko kusarudzika kwegamba kunoonekwa pamberi peveruzhinji mukubwinya kwawo.
Monologue yegamba inoratidza chidiki chake uye kusakosha. Izvo zvizere maitiro akasviba evakuru, kuzvivimba uye kutenda mukusarongeka, gogo kunoita kuti kusekerera, kusimbisa kujairika kwemufananidzo uyu uye kuwanda kwaro munyika yekutonga kwenyika.
Kuzvidzivirira
Mabasa eGogol inhoroondo yakapfuma yemitambo yemitambo. Auditor iri pakati pemitambo inogadzira hwaro hwekudzokorora kwemitambo yemitambo. Panguva imwecheteyo, chigadzirwa hachina mukana wakakura wekuchinjika. Kunyangwe, vatungamiriri vakashandisa zano rekutamba kwefirimu remuvhi.
Muna 1949, Henry pfupa akapfura firimu rakapfura pabasa, apo zano rakanyatsogadziriswa, uye magamba mazhinji anosiyiwa. Vladimir Petrov muna 1952 akapa kuverenga kweClassic kwekutamba, umo Yuri Tollauyev airamba. MuLente Leonid Gida "IncoNicGNITO kubva kuSt. Petersburg", Shot muna 1977, Anatoly Papanov akataura neiyi basa.
Iyo firimu yeValentine Polek 1982 chiitiko cheMoscow Satira Theatre, uko mufananidzo wemufananidzo wakanyatsoshanda neAnatoly Papanov. Sergey Gazarov muna 1996 akakoka Nikita Mikhalkov kuti ashandiremse, achiratidza chitsauko cheguta. Alexander Baranov muTape "Zuva reBenzi", apo zano racho rakamiswa mune chokwadi chekutanga kwa2000, vakakoka basa rekutonga, kana kuti panzvimbo peizvozvo, Meya, Alexander Vorobyva.