Biography
Mabhuku echiJapan zana ramakore rechigumi ane mazita mazhinji anozivikanwa uye akakosha, asi nzvimbo inokosha inopiwa munyori uye mutambi Yukio mishime. BHAIBHERI reVOLILLIDER INOSANGANA NEVANHU "KUPEDZESA MASK" uye temberi yegoridhe, iyo yapinda mumakirasi emabhuku epasi rose uye nekutenda maitiro ekumabvazuva neyekumaviriraHudu uye Vechidiki
Yukio Misima, uyo akaberekerwa Kimerica Chiraoka, akaberekwa muna Ndira 14, 1925 muTokyo Distria yeYozia, uyo aive panzvimbo yeguta reJapan reJapan reSzzyuk.
Chirichus Chraki aive murume mukuru mukuru wehurumende uye amai vaWakasarudzika, uye amai vaSizse Mukomana aive nasekuru nanasekuru nanambuya weMitsuko, akafa kubva kuTyph pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, uye Hama Tiyhuki, iro rakaoneka muna 1930.
Somwana, Misima akapatsanurwa kubva kune vezera uye akarwa nezera rokutanga, ndedzipi nhengo dzeArigava dzinza, avo vaive vagari venhaka yebazi reJapan yeJapanisi.
Nezera remugumi nemaviri chete reYukio rakatamira kuimba yevabereki, asi hupenyu kubva pane izvi hazvina kuita kuti zvive nyore. Ivo Baba, avo vakasangana nechishuwo chechirango chemauto, havana kubvumira zvekuita zvekuranga zvinhu uye vagara vachipamba muridzi munduremu vachitsvaga zvinyorwa nemabhuku.
Amai, pane zvinopesana naMisima nokudavira kwemurume wake uye kutanga kuverenga mabasa matsva eMwanakomana, akanyorwa usiku uye mumitauro pakati pezvidzidzo zvechikoro uye hurukuro kuyunivhesiti. Iri raive basa rakaita kuti jaya rive simba rake rekufunda, uye aive pakati pevadzidzi vakakwanisa kuita basa rakakura muhushumiro reMari, iro rakapera basa rizere nababa vakangoerekana vabvisa.
Mabhuku
Muna 1945, mushure mekuzvipira kweJapan uye nekupera kweHondo Yenyika II, Misima yakazvipira zvakakwana zviitiko zvekugadzira uye akatanga kunyora zvipfupi, nhetembo uye zvirevo. Muna 1946, Yukio akapedza basa paovel ofvel "mbavha" uye dzakawira mumahara evanyori vakakurumbira vaigara kumabvazuva vachipindirana nehondo.
Mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzerwa akadzika midzi mushure meiyo autobiographic bhuku "kureurura kweiyo mask", iyo yakamanikidzwa nezvekunetsana kwenharaunda uye mudiki ungochani. Kutenda kumisoro kusaziva kweJapan uye chimiro cheMisima kamwe kamwe zvakakurumbira, uye mabasa akasikwa akatanga kuburitsa kunze kwenyika.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, achiva mumiriri anotungamira wemabhuku eJapan, Misima akasarudza kujairana nedzimwe nyika uye semushandi weTokyo bepanhau raifamba. Ruzha rwaShunzi ", zvichibva muGiriki wekare ngano ye dafnis uye chloe. Pasi pesimba rehungwaru hweGerman yeThomas Mann Mann, Asian Ford, Mori Chekupedzisira Munyori wezviitiko zvakatenderedza uye akataura temberi yechiRoma ".
Munyori aive akaoma kutora ongororo yekupokana kwevatsoropodzi uye neruzhinji, yakasimbiswa mushure mekuramba kwenguva pfupi yadarika "Mufaro Mufaro." Izvi zvakaitika nekuda kwekuti mukupera kwa1950s - kutanga kwa1960s, Misima akatakurwa nezvematongerwo enyika uye mune fomu rakadzora kurwisa radicals.
Zvisinei, nekuda kwezvinyorwa zvekudzivirira zvakabudiswa muJapan, zita reYuki rakaziviswa pachena muruzhinji rweEurope, iro rakavimbiswa kubudirira kwetetralogy "Gungwa rakawanda", raisanganisira dzidziso "yechando" chando "," Mabhiza "anobereka", "Tembere mangwanani" uye "kudonha kwa" kudonha " Izvi zvakakonzera mazita akati wandei eiyo nhepfenyuro yeNobel mumabhuku, yakarasika kuGuatemalan Coin pamwedzi Miguel Asunaria uye Mudzidzisi Wake Yasunari Kavabat.
Hupenyu Hwako
Sarudzo yekusika uye isinganeti yemunyori yaida kuti mukadzi anzwisise uye ari pedyo nechisikigo uye mweya waive pedyo naye, saka Misima akasanganiswa nemuchato muna 1958. Ekoko Suguima akasangana zvakakwana murume mune zvese zvakaringana, sezvo zvaive zvisiri kure neunyanzvi uye aive mwanasikana wemuchinda anozivikanwa wechiJapan.
Mhuri iyi yakazova yakasimba, uye nekutenda mari yakagadzikana yeYukio nemudzimai wake nevana vaviri vakavaka muchero wekukunda uye akagadziriswa pasi padenga remakore gumi nematatu.
Pashure porufu, izvo zvakakonzera hurukuro dzakawanda, vatori venhau vakarwa muupenyu hwomunhu wemunyori uye vakaziva kuti nguva nenguva akashanyira masangano eungochani uye aive muchivara neanoshanda naye akasimbiswa nemavara ehukama. Mhuri iyi haina kukwanisa kumhanyisa kutuka kwakadaro uye kudzoreredza zita rakatendeseka kweMisima kuburikidza nedare reJapan.
Rufu
Pakupera kwehupenyu hwaMisima, akava mupfudze wehupamhi hwehukuru uye nyika yekuzvipira kweSamurai Code Buchido uye nheyo dzechiuto "tate-asi Date-but Kai" ("Shower Society").Musi waNovember 25, 1970, nhengo dzakawanda kwazvo dzakaedza kuhurongwa hweHurumende, iko kutadza kwerudzi, iko kwakaita kuti munyori, kuzadzisa Tsika yekare Harakiri, uyo akapedza nerufu nekuda kweronda rerudo mudumbu rake. Vabatsiri vaive varipo pedyo neYukio vaifanira kudzivisa kurwadziwa kweAsasires uye kugura musoro wake, asi, maererano nezviono, zvakange zvichiita kuti zviite kubva panguva dzechitatu.
Saka, munyori akatadza kuratidza runako rwerufu rweSamurai nyika, asi kuti varambe vari munhu, maererano nedenda, vakafadza vadzvinyiriri uye kuramba vasingarapiwi.
Quotes
- "Zvakaipa pane avo vanofunga zviroto zvemutambo wehungwaru. Kwete, zviroto - chimwe chinhu chakatarisana, chiri kutiza kubva pane chikonzero. "
- "Zvakapfuura hazviwanzo kudzoka. Mariri, kune vashoma, asi matsime ane simba, anokwira, akatikanda mune ramangwana. "
- "Nyore ndiyo yakakwirira kwazvo yekusangana nehupenyu uye hunyanzvi. Iye anoreva nhema anoreva nhema kunonzwira tsitsi, nekuti izvi ndizvo zvaanoziva kukundwa kwake. Kana munhu akatya kureruka, zvinoreva kuti ari kure nekukura. "
BHAIBHERI
- 1949 - "Kureurura kweask"
- 1950 - "Nyota yerudo"
- 1953 - "Yakarambidzwa mavara" ("Yakarambidzwa Mafaro")
- 1954 - "Ruzha rweSurf"
- 1956 - "Temberi Yendarama"
- 1957 - "Kudzidza kweVatenzi"
- 1959 - "imba Kyoko"
- 1960 - "Mushure memabiko"
- 1963 - "Chikoro chenyama"
- 1963 - "Mufambisi wechikepe, uyo akabaya gungwa"
- 1964 - "Silika uye Insight"
- 1965 - "Rufu uye Simbi"
- 1966 - "Nyika Yokugara"
Iyo tetralogy "gungwa rakawanda":
- 1968 - "Chando Chando"
- 1969 - "Mabhiza Achibereka"
- 1969 - "Tembere KuMambakwedza"
- 1970 - "Kudonha kwengirozi"