Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Tsika uye manhamba emhando inoenderana nekuchinja kwemagariro uye kwezvematongerwo enyika mune dzavaizvarwa nyika. Kurongeka kwevanyori veRussia vezana ramakore re19 vakafukidza dambudziko racho kukaita muCaucasus. Hondo, iyo yagara munharaunda ino kubva muna 1817 kusvika 1864, haina kupa nyika kuporesa nyaya dzakawanda dzinorwadza. Dunhu rakakwezva nhetembo uye vanyori vane pendi yavo uye vekunze, uye huwandu hwekwavo nepfungwa dzake uye Nravami airatidzika kunge akadzingwa uye nerusununguko. Shumba Nikolayevich Tolstoy akanyora nyaya "Caucasian Cative", akafuridzirwa nezviitiko zviri muCaucasus.Nhoroondo Yezvisikwa
Ichi chinyorwa cheTolStoy akasimuka mumutsara mumwe aine zvinyorwa "Anna Karenina" uye "Hondo nerunyararo", izvo zvakagashirwa pasi rose. Muma 1870s, munyori akarasa masimba aro uye akatanga kushanda mukuvandudzwa kwekudzidziswa kusiri kwekuratidzira. Aigara pamitemo yakazvitsaurira iye uye akashanda zvinoenderana neyeuchinja worldview. Zviri nyore muhupenyu uye basa rave razova nhungamiro yayo huru.
Tolstoy akanyora mabhuku maviri: "ABC" uye "mavara matsva". Musiyano mukuru kubva kumabasa ekutanga zvaive zvinonzwisisika nemutauro uye kuwanikwa kune wese munhu akatora bhuku racho mumaoko. Saka munyori akauya nezvemifungo yake kune vanhu vakapusa. Nyaya yacho "Caucasian Cative" yakapinda bhuku rekutanga. Basa rakavakirwa pane zvimedu zvemunhu zve tolstoy, akapotsa awirwa neyechigaro cheCaucasian macauculanders muna 1853.
Iyo nyaya yakaburitsa magazini "Zya" muna 1872. Iye iye amene akafunga neiyi chinyorwa nebasa renyika-yakaenzana vanhu, vanokwanisa kubva kune chero mavambo.
"Sungwa Of Caucasus"
Mukuru weRussia zhilin, iyo protagonist yebasa, anoshanda sezvo mauto akabatanidza mukuwanikwa kweCaucasus kuHurumende yeRussia. Iye chiso chemhuri yakapusa inowana zvese muhupenyu ndega. Uyu hunhu uye hunokwezva zvinangwa zvevaverengi. Kuwana kubatwa kune vanobatidza makomo, mumwe murume anoratidza kunhuhwirira uye kuramba mweya. Anoronga kutiza. Kuomarara kwehunhu hwehutapwa kunoita kuti rive ruremekedzo kunyangwe tatared tatars.
Zhilin anova tenzi kune maoko ese. Achaita dynamy chidhori, zvinhu zvakarambwa zvakaputswa. Izvo zvinogara zvine ushingi uye hazvinyadzise. Unyanzvi hwake hwakabatsira gamba kuti ribate muutapwa: Dina akamubereka chikafu, uye madungati akange asiri kuranga. Sezvo anga agamuchira mvumo yekunyorera tsamba yekukumbira ruregerero, Zireni anobva ataura kuti haazombobvunze zviuru zvitatu zvemari uye akagadzirira kupa mazana mashanu.
Gamba racho rakasungwa mukambani yeimwe musoja weRussia - Kostlina. Iyo yekupedzisira inokoshesa hupenyu hwayo yakanyanya kukwirira uye yakagadzirira kubvunza michero zviuru zvishanu kubva kuhama, kungobuda muChida. Haaite chero chinhu chekubuda muutapwa, kungo nyunyuta. Ipo chikomo chiri kuchera pasi pekupukunyuka, Kostlin inochema mukutarisira ruregerero.
Kupukunyuka kwevasungwa kwakakundikana nekuda kweKostlin. TATRS yakabata magamba apo rusununguko rwakanga rudiki. Vakuru vaifanira kudzokera kusungwa uye zvakare vanofunga pamusoro pehurongwa hwekutiza. Panzvimbo yedhedhi, ivo vakaiswa mugomba rakadzika. Gilina akabatsira kutiza Dini, achirangarira shamwari yakanaka. Gamba rakaponeswa nemachira, uye akaenderera mberi nebasa rake. Kostylin akaponesa nekutenda kune ruregerero.
Kufananidza hunhu hwegomo uye crutin
Pfungwa huru yechigadzirwa cheTolstoy ndeyekuti hazvidikanwe kuti udonhedze mumweya uye uchizvipira, wakasangana nematambudziko. Kukurira matambudziko kunoda kutenda pachako uye kuchiva kukuru. Pfungwa iyi inogona kutepfenyurwa kune chero mamiriro ezvinhu.
Kufunga kuti mamwe emagamba aigona kuve anokwanisa kuponeswa, zvine musoro kufunga kuti kudzikunura kweKostylin, pamwe chete nekugona, kwaizove wakasununguka. Asi ushingi uye simba rezvidziviriro rakaratidza kupesana. Haabvunze kuti adzorere, haanyengeterera ngoni, asi anoita maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kuswededza vanhu, kukudzwa uye nokunzwisisa, kusaziva uye kureruka kunobatsira dzimba kuti varambe vari vapenyu mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
Vasungwa vari vaviri vaive vakagara mudura, vakamanikidzwa mumapuru, asi Zhilin aidiwa nehuwandu hwevanhu. Spelly uye dextegale, akakurumidza kuwana mutauro wakajairika nemwanasikana waAbudl mura. Iye murume akaita matoyi edzimba. Nekuti vanofamba, akarwisa hurongwa hwekupukunyuka, uye husiku hwembambo. Gwayana uye makeke, akaunzwa neDini Dini, akamubatsira uye cittiline kuti arambe ari mupenyu.
Zhilin uye Kostlin Muganhurirwo Akapokana kune mumwe nemumwe. Varume vari munzvimbo imwechete, vachirwira kushamwaridzana kweCaucasus neRussia. Vakatorwa munzira yekuenda kumba, uye Zwil aive kutyaira kunoona amai vafa. Tatar akaona maRussia uye akavabata. Zhill anogara achiedza kuve mumamiriro ezvinhu akashata nekuda kwekutya uye kusagadzikana cutin. Gamba risina rushama rakawana nzira yekuVolim, haina kubhadhara rudzikinuro uye vakaisa vanhu vekumabvazuva. Kostylin aitya hupenyu uye akaita zvese zvaakarairwa.
MaBhaibheri evasungwa vakasiyana, saka hunhu hwemifananidzo yavo inoratidza musiyano wehunhu, matarenda uye hunyanzvi. Zilini aikoshingirira, anotenda zvakabudirira, haana kuzvidemba simba kuti azadzise zvaunoda, zvakaitwa mune chero zvaakatorwa. Kostylin akavharirwa kumirira rubatsiro, akabata chinonhuwira, achiziva kuti achamubatsira kutsamwira.
Kostylin haana kusiyana kutsungirira. Flavour dzake dzakapa kuti vazive nezvavo pakutanga kupfura. Aive mutoro kuna Zilina. Kupukunyuka kwechipiri kwave kuri muedzo usingatsamiriri, uye Kostlin waida, maoko akapetwa, mirira wekupedzisira.
Tolstoy anooneka anonzi nyaya yacho "Caucasian Cative", achifunga nezve gamba rimwe, kunyangwe zvaive vangangoita vatambi vaviri. Kune vanyori nevaverengi, munhu mumwe aive gamba chairo rechitaurwa. Passive Kostylin aive munhu akasiririsa akatadzisa nzira yaZilina, uyo akaenzana naye. Mazita egamba achinyatsotsanangura mavara avo uye chitarisiko. Zhillin uye Kostylin ndevamiririri vemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehunhu, saka zvavakaita zvakasiyana, uye hupenyu panzira dzekurarama hazvibvumirani.
Kuzvidzivirira
Nyaya yaLevel Nikolayevich Tolstoy yakatanga kuzadzwa neDirector George Kalatozashvili muna 1975. Muchifananidzo chaZilina, mutambi Yuri Nazarov akauya kufirimu.
Iyo firimu yechipiri yakaunzwa muna 1996. Iyo yakavakirwa pane iyo leitmotim yebasa, asi chiitiko ichi chinoendeswa kune zvazvino chaizvo. Sergey Bodrov-sr. Zvakatsanangurwa iyo yakataurwa yakafunga kuti pfungwa yake inoenderana zvisinei nemamiriro ezvinhu nemamiriro ezvinhu akafunga. Basa reZilina rakaitwa Sergey Bodrov-jr ..