Biography
Chinhu chedzidziso yedzidziso yekare yechiGiriki yeEpiichura ndiyo nhaurwa "Kufadzwa ndiko kutanga uye kuguma kweupenyu hwakanaka." Bhutsu yechokwadi yakaziva kuvapo kwesimba rakakwirira, asi akaramba kwavo kukanganisika pamunhu. Mabasa emuvambi weWorld view erinmism er haina kuchengetedzwa, asi mazano ake emamiriyoni maviri anofarira masayendisiti.Fate
Ruzivo rwechiitiko cheEpicura chiri mune zvakanyorwa zveDiOGY LANORTSKY uye LUCRETA KRA. Izvi ndizvo chete zvinyorwa zvakavimbika chete, nekutenda kwete chete mazano ake anodzokororwa, asiwo mapikicha emifananidzo.
Muongorori mukuru akazvarwa pane Samos Island mu 342-341 BC. Ns. Mumhuri yedzidziso yechikoro neocle. Kufarira sainzi uye kutsvaga zvinoreva hupenyu kwakaonekwa mumakore 12-13, mushure mekuverenga mabasa eDemocritus. Muna 324 BC Ns. Mwanakomana naBaba vakatamira kuAtene.
Pazera ramakore makumi matatu nematatu, murume wechidiki anovhura chikoro chake pachiso cheLesbos. Muna 308 BC Ns. Pamwe chete nevadzidzi vanodzokera kuAtene, vanunurukire ndima neminda uye inoramba iripo kusvikira pakuguma kwemazuva ake. Ndokusaka vateveri vedzidziso dzake vanonzi vazivi bondobindu.
Sekureva kwaDiogen Laurotsky, muvambi wechikoro akapona kusvika pamakore makumi manomwe. Chikonzero cherufu yaive matombo itsvo.
Uzivi
Muchikoro yebindu, nzira yeEpicureism yakatanga, vateveri vaireva nguva dzeRenissance vakanzi vakasununguka-tambo. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti kukosha kwedzidziso kwakaenzaniswa nepfungwa dzevanofungidzirwa, kupokana uye kupikiswa nemafungiro emisangano akaitwa mukuumbwa kweiyo pfungwa.
Munguva dzehupenyu, muvambi wemunda webindu, dzidziso yacho yaive yemupikisi yekureba, umo chikamu chinotungamira muzivo chakapihwa chikonzero chekufunga. Zvakare akadzidzawo kuna Mwari kubva pakufunga kwenyika. Matunhu matatu makuru anoiswa ne diogen Laurotsky.
Yekutanga ndeye tsika. Iyi dzidziso yeruzivo yakaderedzwa kusvika pakupa mafaro ndiko kutanga uye kupera kwehupenyu, pamwe nechiyero cheakanaka. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti utsaure kuti urege kugutsa kutaridzika, asi kubvisa "kutarisisa" - kutambudzika. Epicur akatenda kuti vasingafadzi avo vanozvitambudza zvishongo zvisina basa. Mufaro wechokwadi uchagamuchira munhu anogutsikana nezvidiki.
Chinhu chinotevera chakagashirwa zita reCanonik. Vafunga vekare vechiGiriki uye varume vakangwara vakadudzira pfungwa yechokwadi nenzira dzakasiyana. Iye munyori wenhoroondo yekunyanya kuda pfuma yeiyo ongororo yekuongorora yakatora mafungiro ekunzwa, manzwiro. Saka, Epikutia yaitenda kuti zvinhu zvenyama zvine zvimedu zvinopinda pfungwa. Nekuda kwegadziriro yekufunga, kutarisira kunomuka, kunova zivo yechokwadi.
Asi pfungwa dzakapikiswa, dzakapikiswa nedzidziso dzePlato naAristotle, rinova kukanganiswa kudzidza, sezvazvinosuma mufananidzo wekutonga. Pfungwa iyi yave iyo inopikiswa hombe yehuchi mumugumo yeHellenism.
Uye pakupedzisira, chikamu chinonzi fizikisi. Chinangwa cheuzivi chechisikigo ndechekuti uwane tsananguro yezvakatangira nyika kuti abvise kutya pamberi peNeby. Epicuria akaparidza pfungwa yekuti zvakasikwa zvakasikwa zvisina kusikwa nemauto makuru. Izvo zvese nezve maatomu anofamba mukusingaperi kusingaperi. Mukupesana nedzidziso dzepakutanga mumazano ake, basa guru rakapihwa kutsauka kubva kune trajectory yezvidimbu izvi. Nekuda kwenyonganiso, maatomu akabatana nemiviri yakaoma - vanhu uye vamwari.
Naizvozvo, haufanirwe kutya rufu - mamorekuru anoparidzwa pane zvese zvakasikwa, uye mweya unorega kuvapo nemuviri. Iko hakuna mauto ayo anogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yemunhu. Zvese zvinhu zvinoitika uye zvinonyangarika nemukana pasina zvinoreva zvakadzama.
Inonakidza yembambo yemavhesi edzidziso dzekuda pfuma pamusoro pevamwari. Akapokana kuti masimba makuru aripo mumaganhu. Asi, maererano nehunyanzvi hwepanyama, hapana pesvedzero haina kuita hupenyu hwevanhu, saka, kutya kuri kushungurudza.
Ndangariro
Mabasa ehuwandu hwekare echiGiriki saige angangoita mazana matatu emabasa, asi zvidimbu chete zvakavapo vakararama panguva iyoyo. Aya mavara matatu-anonakidza kuFifthocula, Herodotus, Mensek, pamwe nemavara anoiswa mubasa reTisa Lucreria Kara.Quotes
- "Usatya rufu: Paunenge uri mupenyu - haazi kana asvika, hauzove"
- "Chinangwa chekupedzisira chehupenyu hwakajeka hune hutano hwakanaka uye hutano hwepfungwa"
- "Ndiani akarurama, ndiye mudiki pane ese alarm uyo akasimbiswa, azere nehuremu hukuru"