Biography
Mathematicical Gumi, uyo akakwanisa mushure mekurwa kwemakore makumi matatu ekurwisa Schukophrenia, dzokera kubasa kwesainzi uye kuwana mubairo weNebel. Imwe yeanoremekedzwa uye ine tarenda yemasvomhu, ane biography yaive yakavakirwa paKinobestseer "Mithi mind mitambo" ne Oscars.
John Forbes Nash munhu akasimba ane pfungwa dzevaridzi. Kutsvaga kwayo kwesainzi mumunda wekusiyanisa geometry uye game fungidziro dzinokosheswa pasi rese. Akakwanisa kuburitsa zvidzidzo kunyange kubva kune chirwere chake chisinganzwisisike, achiti "hukama pakati pekufunga kwekufunga uye kusabereka zviripo." Uye zvinosuruputa zvakapfupikiswa:
"Pfungwa dzakanaka dzinodzikamisa kuiswa kwesainzi pamusoro pekubatana kwake nenzvimbo."Hudu uye Vechidiki
Iyo genius yemasvomhu uye mhedziso dzemasvomhu muguta re blofield, mumamiriro ekunze eAmerica yeWestern Virginia, muzhizha ra1928 vakazvarwa. Nechiratidzo che zodiac twin. John akamiswa uye akamuka mumhuri yevaPurotesitendi, uko mumamiriro ekunze akasimba uye tsika dzechitendero.Musangano wenguva yemberi ane zita reNyika aidzidzwa pakati, uye Math kusvika kumakore gumi nematatu akakonzera kudyara kwake: Kuchikoro, nyaya yacho yakadzidziswa inokweretesa. Vabereki injinjini yemagetsi uye mudzidzisi weChirungu - vakagumbuka nekushaikwa kweDfframpority uye chinangwa cheMwanakomana. Asi zvaive zvisina kudaro. Mudiki nash ropod akaverenga uye, kuvhara mukamuri rake, akaitisa makemikari ekuedza.
Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu ari mumaoko aJohn Forbes Nash, Mudiki akafirwa basa rinonakidza Erik tembere "Mateki makuru", kuverenga kwacho kwakavhurika kufarirwa nesainzi mumutyairi. Yakanga yakatakurwa nekuverenga kwemasvomhu inoshamiswa nevadzidzisi, vane rugare rwekupa iyo diki yePurazi reorem. Asi mumakirasi echikoro chesekondari, ramangwana rakanaka rekurukure havasati vasarudza basa racho.
Sainzi
Kune tarenda remasvomhu rakazaruka, jaya rakapihwa kudzidza kudzidziswa kuyunivhesiti. Mushure mekupedza chikoro, akapinda muCarnegie Polytechic Institute, kwaanoda kutaura kuti adzidze kemistry. Kurumidza kuziva kuti kufarira kwechinyorwa kwainge kwaenda, kwakasainwa kwehupfumi hwenyika. Asi pano ini handina kugara kare kare, kuve nechokwadi chekuti masvomhu aive aive kumba pakati pevesa sainzi.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMuna 1948, nezuro, mudzidzi akasiya masvingo eInstitute aine maviri madiploma muruoko rwake - bachelor uye tenzi. Asi kufarira kuenderera mberi kwekudzidza hakuna kunyangarika: John akaenda kuPrinceteton's Rwunivhesiti muNew Jersey. Tsamba yekurudziro kubva kumudzidzisi weRichard Duffhin, uyo akapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti, aisanganisira mazwi matatu "ane hunyanzvi hwemasvomhu".
Nash haana kudzidzisa vadzidzisi uye vaunodzidza navo pakuvapo kwavo mukirasi: vakatenda kuti kudzidza uku kunodzora pakutanga kunge muongorori. MuPrinceton, murume wacho akatanga anzwa nezve yakagadzirwa neNeimani uye morong yekuteedzera maitiro emasvomhu, inonzi "fungidziro yemutambo". Iyo nzira yakarova fungidziro yemakore makumi maviri-ane makore matatu uye akapesvedzera imwezve biography yeyesairesi. Akasika dzidziso, iyo yakazoitwa zvakanyanya zvakanyanya muhupfumi.
Pana makumi maviri nemasere, mamusangano wechidiki ane huchenjeri akazvidzivirira thesis yake, izvo zvakakosha zvechinonzi "nesha equilibrium". Mushure memakore makumi mana nemasere, iri basa rakagadziriswa uye rakaitwa nesainzi NOBB LAUREATE MUNYAYA. Mushure memakore gumi, John Nashama akaita Furyor muSainzi, achimisa mabasa mana pamutambo asiri wemuopi.
Mukutanga kwa1950, masvomhu anogara paMassachusetts Institute of Technology, kwaakakurumidza kuwana ruremekedzo rwevanoshanda navo uye kuongorora kwepasirese kwenyika yesainzi. Asi pakati ma1950s, nash yakatanga kumatambudziko ne psyche. Akange ambofamba eccentric uye akasangana nevanhu. Muzviverengero, kwaaishanda, zvaive zvakaoma kuti tifambe pamwe nevamwe vaanoshanda navo. Muyedzo wakaparadzana uye anozvitutumadza akawedzera kuvhara zvimwe mukati make.
Akadzokera kune nzanga yesainzi uye anoshanda makore makumi matatu chete, anobatanidza nechirwere chake uye akazvipukunyuka kubva mumugwagwa wakasarudzika.
Muna 66, muna 1994, maAmerican masjecitian akagamuchira iyo nobel mubairo weNobel. Asi havana kubvumira hurukuro yechinyakare yeiyo Laureate muhomwe yeStockholm University, uchitya hutano husina hushamwari hwesesainzi. Panzvimbo iyoyo, nash yakatenderwa kune vateereri veSweden yeSweden - Sppsalsky, uko John marongero akaitwa hurukuro pane cosmology.
Muna 2001, iyo Nobel Laureate yakadzokera kuhofisi yake muPrinceton University, kwaakarota nezvemasvomhu wake anodikanwa zvakare.
Muna 2008, "Brizifherenic", sezvakaita Nesha vakati meso, vakaona uye vakanzwa muRussia. Pamusangano wepasi rese, wakabatwa mumadziro eyunivhesiti yeSt. Petersburg, akaita hurukuro pane yakakodzera uye isina mari mari.
Uye muna 2015, musayendisiti akazova wekutanga munyika, uye Nobel, uye mugove waAbhili, aivawo mubhangi rake rePiggy repainzi. Iyo yekupedzisira nash yakaunzwa yekuvandudzwa kwefungidziro yeisiri tlipolar dzakasiyana siyana equations.
Mabasa evane hunyanzvi mashematics ari kudzidza kutenderera nyika. Mabhuku ake ndiwo mabasa akakosha "dambudziko rekutengesa" uye "neOneperative mitambo" - desktop yemasvomhu uye ezvehupfumi veAmerican, Europe neAsia. Kutanga kubva kuma1970s, John Nash mutambo wekutanga anozivikanwa sehwaro hwehupfumi hwekuedza. Uye madhiri akaita seuchenjeri separadoki.
Kubva pane zvesayenzi zvehunyanzvi hwekufunga kwemasvomhu, zviviri zvaive zvakakosha: Iyo dzidziso yemitambo, sainzi yezvematongerwo enyika, uye mafomu ezvemataurire, anotevera idzo, vatori vechikamu vacharasikirwa kana mumwe wavo anoshanduka Chisarudzo.
Kutsvaga kwenyaya yechokwadi chechokwadi uye kurwira kunoshamisa kweNobel anowedzera nechirwere chakanyora mutori venhau Silvia Nazar. Bhuku rayo rakachengetedzwa neHollywood Director Ron Howard, uyo akadana iyo firimu "mitambo yepfungwa". Nash mufirimu akatamba russell crow.
Hupenyu Hwako
Chiitiko chekutanga chehukama hwerudo, icho chakaitika kuNash muhuduku hwake, hwaive hwava. Mukoti ane makore makumi matatu okukura Leonor akatanga kuva nepamuviri kubva kuna John ane makore makumi maviri nemashanu. Asi Nash, akaziva nezvekukurumidza kwemwana, akaramba kumupa zita rake uye akati mukadzi uyu aisazomirira rutsigiro rwemari, kana kuchengetwa kwemwana.Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoDangwe - mwanakomana waJohwani David - akaoneka muna 1953. Zita rekupedzisira amai vakapa mwana wavo - STYR. Huyu mwana wemukomana akapfuura nepamberi pekugara, sezvo Leonor akanyanyo anomanikidzwa nenzira.
Dzokorora kuyedza kumisikidza hupenyu hwega hwakawedzera kubudirira. Muna 1957, Mathematia akaroora mudzidzi wefizikisi kubva kuSalvador Alicia Lard. Makore maviri gare gare, mwanakomana akaberekwa, akapiwa naJohn Charles Martin. Yevana vaviri ava chete akazowana zita rekupedzisira rababa. Vana vechipiri vakaenda munhasi dzevabereki - masayendisiti nekusarudza masvomhu kubva kune vese sainzi.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoNekudaro, mwanakomana wemubatanidzwa wehunyanzvi hwemasvomhu akange asina mwana anofara. Nekuda kwechirwere chemunhu chakaratidzwa, haana kupiwa zita - mukadzi akamirira kudzoka kwemurume wake kubva muchipatara chepfungwa. Kana gweta rakaita kuti rigonese, vabuki vakaenda kuEurope, vachisiya mwanakomana mudiki aine ambuya.
Mukutanga kwa1961, Alicia akaneta akarambana nemurume wake, pasina dambudziko uye nehunyengeri. Mwanakomana akazvimera. Nehurombo, chirwere chababa chaive chakamiswa kwaari. Mumakore ekuma1970, mukadzi anotambudzwa nekuzvidemba uye akafunga kuti akatengesa murume airwara, akadzokera kuna Johane. Zvimwe zvavasina kumboparadzanisa.
Chirwere uye Rufu
Kekutanga, chirwere ichi chakazivisa icho masvomhu zvadzvandudzwa 30. vanachiremba vakaisa denderedzwa kuongororwa - paranoid schizophrenia. Mukadzi akavanzika nguva kubva kushamwari uye dambudziko remhuri kujaira, achiedza kuponesa basa remumwe mukadzi, asi chirwere chakafambira mberi, uye aifanira kumanikidza Johane kukiriniki yakavanzika. Mumwe nemumwe 1959, nash, iyo yainzi nyeredzi inokwira yemasvomhu, yakarasikirwa nebasa rayo.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoMushure memazuva makumi mashanu ekumanikidzwa kurapwa uye kubuda kubva kukiriniki, vakaroora vakasiya nyika. John Nash akaedza kugamuchira chimiro chevaroteri vezvematongerwo enyika muEurope, asi zviremera zveUnited States vakawana kudzingwa kwake kumusha kwavo. MuAmerica, chirwere ichi chakazviratidza nesimba idzva. Masayendisiti akatambudzwa nekutya uye oditory hairination, aimufonera, vaaizivana navo nevatinoshanda navo, vanonzwikwa nguva hurukuro yezvematongerwo enyika uye manhamba.
Mukutanga kwa1960s, masvomhu akapfuura nzira yekurapa, asi pakanga pasina maitiro. Varifambikwazve vakabhadhara nash zvikamu mune chiremba wepfungwa, uye akaisa murwere. Kuvandudzwa kwechinguvana kwakatsiviwa neRegress kana John akamira kutora mapiritsi, achitya kukuvadza kune basa repfungwa.
Yakapera kubva paGetty MifananidzoKuvandudzwa kunoonekwa mumunhu gensius kwakaongororwa muma1980. Masayendisiti akazvimirira akakwanisa kukunda zviratidzo uye akadzokera kubasa. Gare gare akanyora kuti:
"Ini ndinofunga, kana iwe uchida kubvisa chirwere chepfungwa, isu tinofanirwa, hapana munhu anotarisira, isa iwe pachako chinangwa chakakomba chako. Psychiatrists vanoda kugara mubhizinesi. "Mathematics akafa muchirimo cha2015 pazera ramakore makumi masere nemasere. Chikonzero chekufa kwake nemukadzi wake Alicia tsaona yemotokari, umo vakadzi vakaroora vakapinda muNew Jersey. Vakatyaira mune tekisi pasina kusimbisa mabhanhire. Kana kukwevera kwakabhururuka kunze kwemota. Vanachiremba vakasara kuti vataure rufu.