Biography
Kuwana March 8 zvipo uye Bouquets, iyo inoshamisa hafu yevanhu yakatove yakanganwa kuti zororo iri rinosungirwa kuEuropean Revolution uye feminists, mumapoka eiyo akasimuka Luxembourg ane imwe yenzvimbo dzekutanga. Boka reRakeri pacharo riri kurwa neruva rerudo - hupenyu hwake hwaizere nekurwa, pfungwa dzinoshanda uye kuedza kuchinja nyika, iyo pakupedzisira yakatungamira kutirwazve.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Rosalia akaberekerwa muna 1871 mundima yePoland Yemazuva ano, iyo mumazuva iwayo yaivewo chikamu cheHurumende yeRussia. Mumhuri yechiJudha yechiJudha, Luxenburg yakaunzwa vana vashanu, naRosa vaive vadiki. Pakuzvarwa, musikana uyu akaendesa muchiuno, uye saka akatambura nekukuvara kusingachinjiki, semhedzisiro yezvakarara zvakasiiwa kuupenyu.
Kurwara kwepanyama hakuna kudzivirira ramangwana marxist kuti vapedze kuuraya kweGymnasium muWarsaw. Akabatwa kubva kune zvakasikwa, akadzidza zvakanaka, akataura mumitauro mitatu - chiPolish, chiGerman neRussia. Nechinguva yekurovedza muviri, musikana uyu akafemerwa nemazano ekuchinja, achitsvaga kuona muna Iye Wekutanga kwemukadzi wese, uye akavimbika, nyaya yakatendeka.
Luxembourg yatove ichitambudzwa pakutanga pazera ramakore gumi nemasere, nekuda kweizvozvo waakasiya Switzerland, kwaakava mudzidzi weZurich University. Apa Rosa akatanga kudzidza zviri pamutemo, zvezvematongerwo enyika nezvihu zvehupfumi. Nzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika inoshanda yakagoverwa nemusikana achipesana nemamiriro evamwe, uye akakurumidza kuchinja kuva mutungamiri weboka revadzidzi.
Zvematongerwo enyika
Rosa Luxembourg aive nemukurumbira weiyo Theorist yeMarxism, muzivi uye mutori venhau. Mukadzi akaomerera pakuchinja kwavanoona, achidzivirira zvemagariro emagariro. Kutanga zvezvematongerwo enyika muPoland, musikana akaramba achidziridza muSwitzerland neGermany. Zvekuita zveAntimylitaria mukati meHondo Yenyika yekutanga, Rose akaramba achiramba achisungwa, anoitiswa mumhedziso kwemakore mana.
Achipesana nekupikiswa nemutsara wepamutemo wemagariro eGermany, mukadzi akazopedzisira asiya sangano, aine vanhu vane pfungwa dzakafanana naKarl Liebknecht "Union Communist weGermany.
Hupenyu Hwako
Pasinei nenyaya yekuti Rosalia kubva pwere ichiita kunge iri dhadha rakaipa, hupenyu hwake hwanga hwaive nedutu. Kukura kwegumi nemashanu uye chromota hakuna kupindira nemukadzi kune varume vanoyevedza neCharisma uye kutyaira. Akasangana nerudo rwekutanga muSwitzerland pamberi peLeo Joghhes, uyo waakasvika pedyo nevhu revatongerwo enyika. Uyu mubatanidzwa unogara makore gumi nematanhatu, kunyangwe hazvo pasina kusungirwa zviri pamutemo: Mukuru akasimbirira kuti Rosa akazvipa zvakakwana kumatambudziko ezvematongerwo enyika, asiri kufunga nezvevana uye nyaradzo yemhuri.
Nekudaro, iyo "Valkyria shanduko" yakanga isiri munhu pasina munhu, uye iye akarota mhuri isina kunyatsojeka kupfuura nezvehukama hwemagariro emagariro. Luxembourg akaroora asina rudo, asi kuti azviratidze kugara kuGermany, saka Gustav Lübeck, kutaura zvazviri, akava murume anoyevedza.
Vamwe varume, Rosa vaigara kunze kwemuchato, pakati pavo pakanga paine Konstantin - mwanakomana weRevolution Remuportary Zetkin, rudo rwakatarwa, kunyangwe mutsauko wemakore gumi nematatu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Muvengi wechidiki akasiya mukadzi nekuda kweumwe, uye akasangana naPaul Gweta, mudiki kwazvo kupfuura iye. Asi hukama uhwu hwaive hwakamirira iyo inosuruvarisa yaFinale, semhedzisiro iyo Luxembourg yakataura kuti zvino hupenyu hwake hwakangoita pachena.
Rufu
Muna 1918, Rosa, pamwe chete naKarl Liebknecht, vakatora chikamu mukugadzwa kwebato reCommunist reCommunist, vane mukurumbira waakaita zvakakonzera kushushikana kwehurumende. Kwete Kutungamira Frank Revolution Campaigning, bato rakatenderwa zano reProtest, kusanganisira kupandukira kwevashandi muna Ndira 1919. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vatungamiriri vemabiko vakaziviswa pane zvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvaida.
Luxembourg sekunge akafumisa chikonzero cherufu uye akafanotaura kuti aizofa "kunze kana mutirongo." Rose akasungwa musi waNdira 15, 1919, asi ini handina kusvika pakuvakirwa kwejeri: Eva, ndichirova mukadzi ane ndiro, akapfura musoro wake ndokukanda mutumbi murwizi. Ikoko kwakawanikwa pakupera kwaMay uye kuvigwa pedyo neKarl Liebknecht, akaurayiwa pazuva rimwe chete. Kutonga nemufananidzo, mafuro avo echiGuva akagadzirwa nemaruva epinki semadonhwe maviri emvura.
BHAIBHERI
- 1899 - "Kubudirira kweChiindasitiri wePoland"
- 1899 - "Shanduko yezvinhu kana shanduko"
- 1906 - "Kurova kukuru, Party uye Misangano Yezvekutengeserana"
- 1913 - "Kuunganidzwa Kwemari"
- 1915 - "Dambudziko reSocial Democracy"
- 1916 - "Anti-Kutsoropodza"
- 1922 - "Russian Revolution. Kuongorora kwakakosha kwekushaya simba "(posthumously)
Ndangariro
- Rose Square Luxembourg muBerlin
- Rose Square Luxembourg muMunich
- Rose Square Luxembourg muDresden
- Migwagwa yeRosa Luxembourg muMoscow, St. Petersburg, Saratov nemazana emamwe maguta
- Sanatorium. Roses Luxembourg muGaspre