Ubuzima
Robert Frost numusizi wumunyamerika wahawe inguzanyo nabaturage nabanenga mugihe cyubuzima. Umwanditsi inshuro 4 yabaye nyir'igihembo cya Pupirzer.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Robert Lee Frost yavukiye i San Francisco ku ya 26 Werurwe 1874. Mu muryango, uretse we, yazanye murumuna we Robert, Jani. Mu 1885, umutware w'umuryango yapfuye azize igituntu. Mama hamwe nabana begereye ababyeyi be.
Umuhungu yiboneye ibitabo mubuvanganzo kuva akiri muto. Kuba umunyeshuri wiga mumashuri yisumbuye, yasohotse mu kinyamakuru cy'ishuri. Amaze kubona icyemezo, mu 1892 Frost yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Dartmouth, ariko yagombaga kuva mu masomo. Umusore yatangiye gukora kugirango afashe Mama, mwarimu wishuri ryigenga. Yari ikinyamakuru nyuma yinshuti numukozi muruganda. Kwipimisha kutanyurwa n'amasomo, Robert yahisemo kutibaza no gukoresha ubuzima bwiza.
Ubukonje bwinjiye Harvard, aho imyaka 2 yari umunyeshuri w'ishami ry'ubutabazi. Sekuru amaze gupfa, amureka umurima w'imirage, Robert yasubiye mu rugo kugira ngo ashyigikire umuryango we. Imyaka icyenda, umusizi yakoze kwisi kandi yanditse ibisigo. Igihe umurima watangiraga kubyara amafaranga, asubira muri kaminuza.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Imibereho yumuryango yubukonje ntibyari byoroshye. Se amaze gupfa, mushiki we yagize ikibazo cyo mu mutwe, kubera icyahinduwe mu bitaro byo mu mutwe, aho yapfiriye.Mu 1894, Robert yashakanye na Elinor Miriam Yera. Teaviction y'urubyiruko rwatandukanijwe, byari bigoye kuri bo kubona ururimi rusanzwe. Icyakora, ibyo ntibyababaje kubona abana batandatu: Eliota, Leslie, Carol, Irma, Marzhori na Elinor. Imfura yapfuye avuye muri kolera afite imyaka 4. Umukobwa muto amaze iminsi 3 apfuye nyuma yo kuvuka.
Umusizi yari agoye kurokoka urupfu rwa Mama na sekuru, no kwiyahura Carol n'urupfu rwa Marzhori kuva muri postpartum umuriro wabaye inkoni y'inyongera. Mu 1937, uwo mwashakanye yapfuye arapfa.
Kurema
Umuvugo wa mbere wumusizi "ikinyugunyugu cyanjye" cyatangiye 1894. Muri uwo mwaka, ubukonje bwasohotse guhitamo ibisigo. Muri Amerika, ntiyabonye abamamaji, nuko njya mu Bwongereza.
Intsinzi ya mbere yazanywe nigitabo "Uzaba umuhungu". Mubuhinduzi bwikirusiya, izina ryumvikanye nka "gusezera ku buto". Inyungu z'abaturage zikurura icyegeranyo cya kabiri "mu majyaruguru ya Boston", cyatanzwe nyuma y'umwaka.
Mu 1915, umusizi yasubiye muri Amerika. Amafaranga ava mu bikorwa by'imivugo ntiyari ahagije ku bikubiye mu muryango, bityo akora nk'umurimu muri kaminuza kandi akora nk'umusomyi w'imirimo ye. Muri bo, umwanditsi yasobanuye imiterere y'ubwongereza, ibibazo byo murugo byakuwe mubuzima nyabwo bwabantu bakikije. Mu 1916, yasohoye icyegeranyo "hagati y'imisozi". Umushinga ukurikira wabonye urumuri mu 1923. Igitabo cyiswe "New Hampshire" kandi kimaze kuzana umusizi igihembo cya mbere cya pulyer.
Robert Frost yumva ibintu byabantu, intimba nibyishimo. Ibisigo bya Antint yubukonje byaranzwe nuburyo bwo mumitekerereze na filozofiya. Yahamagariye ubwenge kandi atabintu afite injyana y'ibisigo, atandukanya ishingiro ry'imvugo. Ikusanyirizo ryinyandiko z'umusizi ryasohotse mu 1930. Yahawe igihembo cya kabiri cya Pulitzer. Mu 1936, icyegeranyo cya "Neogltadal Dal" cyasohotse, kandi mu 1942 - "inkwi-umutangabuhamya".
Mu 1945, urumuri rwabonye ikinamico "mask". Ntiyigeze asohora byinshi bitandukanye na "impuhwe" nyuma, yasohotse mu 1947. Muri uwo mwaka, Bibliografiya y'umwanditsi yuzuza icyegeranyo "Tavolga", n'imyaka 5, "ku guca".
Ibihe byisi bitangaje kandi ukomoka muri Robert Frost byagaragaye ko ari ingaruka zibyabaye mubuzima bwe. Imiterere ikomeye, ingengabinya mugihe kinini, yegeranye no kwigunga no kwitandukanya, no kwizera ibyiza ntabwo byasize umwanditsi. Ibisigo bijyanye nurukundo byari bihari mubikorwa bye.
Mu 1961, John Kennedy yabajije umusizi gusoma igisigo "impano ubuziraherezo" mu gutangiza perezida. Umwaka umwe, ubukonje bwasuye Usssr, aho yahuriye na Anna Akhmatova. Ku buruhukiro bwa nyuma, Robert Frost yabayeho kandi yigisha mubwongereza nkumunyeshuri watumiwe.
Urupfu
Robert Frost yapfiriye i Boston ku ya 23 Mutarama 1963. Impamvu y'urupfu yabaye ingorane zivuka nyuma yo kubaga. Abanditsi bashyinguwe mu irimbi rya vermont. Muri iki gihe, ibisigo bye byiga mu mashuri y'Abanyamerika, kandi amagambo y'imirimo y'umwanditsi yabaye aphorism kandi amenyereye abakunda ibihangano.Amagambo
"Ubwonko ni umubiri utangaje. Atangira gukora iyo akangutse mu gitondo, kandi ntahagarara kugeza igihe uza ku kazi. "" Urukundo ni icyifuzo cya makumyabiri cyo kugira umuntu wo ku muhungu, kandi Undi mugore mu munota wa makumyabiri azakora umuntu w'igicucu. "" Uburezi nubushobozi bwo gutega amatwi ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, udatakambiye kwiyubaha no kwihesha agaciro. "Igisigo
- 1913 - "Uzaba umuhungu"
- 1916 - "Hagati y'imisozi"
- 1923 - "New Hampshire"
- 1936 - "Danal ya Neanlawic"
- 1943 - "Igiti-Ubuhamya"
- 1945 - "MASK Ubwenge"
- 1947 - "Mask y'impuhwe"
- 1947 - "TAVOLGA"
- 1952 - "Ku gutema"