Ubuzima
Philip Roth nubunini bwabanyamerika bunini bwa XX no gutangira ikinyejana cya XXI. Mu myaka mirongo itandatu, umwanditsi yasohoye ibitabo, asuka kiratube by'amadini n'imibonano mpuzabitsina.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umwanditsi yavutse ku ya 19 Werurwe 1933 muri Newark New Jersey Leta. Malaya Umubyeyi Phili, Phili Dala Amerika abanditsi benshi. Abanyagihugu ba Rota - Hipster Poreet Allen Ginzberg hamwe numwanditsi wa pertives Harlan Koben.
Philipo yakuriye mu muryango w'Abayahudi, imyitwarire yacyo yasobanuye mu murimo w '"urubanza". Abakurambere ba Data, abashinzwe ubwishingizi isosiyete y'Ubudage, babaga mu mujyi wa Kozlov Lvuv Intara. Abakurambere ba nyina, Nee Bess Finkel, uhereye kuri Kiev.
Mu 1950, Filipo yarangije amashuri yisumbuye. Abigisha basobanuye isosiyete nk'umusore w'ubwenge uhuza ubuhamya n'ibwenge. Umwaka w'umusore wize muri kaminuza ya Ratger, giherereye mu mujyi yavukiyemo, hanyuma yimurirwa muri bacnell ya kaminuza ya Pennsylvania, aho yakiriye impamyabumenyi ihanitse n'icyubahiro n'icyubahiro mu Cyongereza. Inyigo ya Shebuja ku bitabo by'icyongereza Roth yarinze muri kaminuza ya Chicago.
Ihahamuka ry'inyuma, ryabonetse ku myiteguro y'imbere, yakuye umusore mu murimo wihutirwa. Kuva mu buto no kugeza mu 1991, umunwa wigishije isesengura ry'ubuvanganzo n'urwandiko rwo guhanga muri kaminuza zo muri Amerika.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umwanditsi yashakanye kabiri. Buri mubano wagenwe wamaze imyaka 4. Kuva mu Mugenzi wa mbere Margaret Martinson Phil yahuye mu 1956, kandi twarebye umubano mu 1959. Igihe mu 1968, hashize imyaka 5 nyuma yo gutandukana, umugore yapfiriye mu mpanuka y'imodoka, uburambe bw'umwanditsi yagaragaye mu gitabo "Abagabo banjye". Mbere, Margaret yabaye Prototype ya Arroine Lucy Nelson mu gitabo "Yari mwiza cyane."Gushyingirwa n'Umukinnyi wa Adkine y'Ubwongereza Blaire Bloom 57 byashoje nyuma yimyaka 14 umubano, ariko nanone nyuma yo gushushanya gukomeye kwumuhanzi n'umuryango we mu gitabo cya "Uburiganya" . Mubikorwa byinyuguti byitwa Filipo na Claire, abameze kwabo byibukije ubuzima bwumwanditsi numukunzi we. Mugihe cyo kubora indabyo zahinduye izina rya heroine.
Mu bisobanuro byo kuva mu nzu y'igipupe, Claire yasobanuye umwaka wa mbere wo gushyingirwa. Ariko, nk'uko abagore babivuga, ubwumvikane bwabujije umurimo w'umwanditsi, Filipo atangira kwigaragaza nk'umunyamaniro w'umugore akaba.
Mu 1994, umwanditsi n'umukinnyi wahukanye. Itangazamakuru ryiganaga n'amagambo yo muri Monuarov arabya "ikuzimu hagati y'amagambo n'ibibazo by'isosiyete ni byinshi." Igisubizo cyigitabo cy'uwahoze ari umugore ni umurimo wa Filipo "umugabo wanjye - komukomunisiti", icyo gihe Claire yakomotse ku izina rya Eva Freim.
Ibitabo
Igitabo cya mbere cya sosiyete, cyarimo inkuru "Muraho, Columbus" n'inkuru 4, yahawe igihembo cy'igihugu cy'ubuvanganzo mu myaka ya za 1960. Nyuma yimyaka 35, umwanditsi yasubiyemo inshuro nyinshi, amaze kubona igihembo kimwe kumurimo wikinamirire ya Shabati.
Mu 1962, umwanditsi yasohoye igitabo cya mbere "navy". Kwiyongera k'umurimo ni ugutanga igice cy'ibyabaye kuva mu maso hashyizweho inyuguti nkuru ya Gabe Wallach, kandi ibice biva mu maso ya bose babona amakuru yose. Muri bibliografiya, roths yatsinze ibitabo neza.
Mu kinyejana cya 70, umwanditsi yagerageje ubwoko, butitwata mu bashitsi wa politiki mu murimo wa "Agatsiko kacu" kuri "Kafkianism" mu "gatuza". Iyo myaka icumi irangiye, umunwa washyizeho ego ye - imiterere ya Nathan Zuckerman, wari uhari mubitabo byinshi bikurikira (byumwihariko, muri intwari ") nkintwari cyangwa interteller cyangwa imvugo y'umwanditsi.
Igikorwa cya advel "kashe yumuntu", aho Zuckerman na we akora, ava inyuma yimiterere yubumuntu bwiburanisha Bill Clinton. Natani avuga ku muturanyi wa Colemen Silka, yirukanwe muri kaminuza kugira ngo asobanurwe, asobanurwa n'ubuyobozi nk'ivangura. Buhoro buhoro, ibisobanuro birambuye bya biografiya ya coleman, aho umugabo yagerageje kwibagirwa. Mu Kumenyereza akazi - Filime "Yamenyekanye" - Inshingano nyamukuru zakinnye na Anthony Hopkins na Nicole Kidman
Mu gitabo cy'amashusho "umugambi wo kurwanya Amerika", umwanditsi akora mu bwoko bw'ubundi buryo. Muri ikibanza mu matora yo mu 1940, Franklin Roosevelt yatsinze, n'umuderevu Chales Lidberg. Amerika iba ifatanyabikorwa ba Hitler Bondler kandi hamwe bahitamo "ikibazo cy'Abayahudi". Umuderevu, mu 1927, indege itishyuye i New York yerekeza i Paris, rwose yagaragaje inshuro nyinshi interuro zivangura kandi zirwanya kandi zemeza ko Amerika yitabira intambara ifitiye Abayahudi gusa.
Mu kinyagihumbi cya gatatu, kunegura byahise bivuga ko umunwa ukwiye ko umunwa ukwiye igihembo cyitiriwe zotiriwe ibitabo. Nubwo Filipo yapfuye, atigeze abona igihembo cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru, Prose yari umwe mu banditsi b'ingati. Kuri imwe mu mafoto yanyuma, isosiyete yafashwe nuwanditswe "Abashumba b'Abanyamerika" na Barack Obama: Perezida-Demokarasi yahaye umwanditsi n'umudari wo muri Amerika.
Urupfu
Filipo yapfiriye mu bitaro bya Manhattan ku ya 22 Gicurasi 2018. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'umwanditsi rwatsinzwe n'umutima. Dukurikije ubushake bwo mu kanwa, umunwa washyinguwe iruhande rw'ababyeyi ku irimbi ry'Abayahudi ba Newark, ariko mu mva ya kaminuza ya New York.Insanganyamatsiko yingingo zubuzima bwabantu bwanyuze mubikorwa byose bya prose. Cyane cyane umunwa wambaye urwangiye urukundo rwurukundo mu rupfu rwatinze - gutera imbere "inyamaswa ipfa" na "umuzimu urasohoka".
Mu gitabo cya mbere, nicyo gice cya nyuma cya trilogt kivuga kuri David Kippeska, umwarimu ugeze mu zabukuru, nka Oleg Sokolov, buri gihe uhindukira amatege imbere nabanyeshuri. Umwe muri Dawidi ukundwa ararwaye kanseri y'ibere. Hashingiwe ku gitabo cyanditswe mu 2008, Elizabeti Coshet yarashe film ya Melodraratique "Elegy". Inshingano nyamukuru muri firime zakozwe na Ben Kingley na Penelope cruz. Muri "umuzimu", kwigunga, umwanditsi akundana numukobwa akiri muto kandi akoresha impano yubuvanganzo kugirango ibiganiro bikundwa numukundwa.
Bibliografiya
- 1959 - "Courase, Columbus"
- 1962 - "Imitako"
- 1967 - "Yari mwiza cyane"
- 1969 - "Urubanza"
- 1974 - "Abagabo banjye"
- 1990 - "Uburiganya"
- 1995 - Ikinamico ya Shabbat
- 1997 - "Abashumba b'Abanyamerika"
- 1998 - "Umugabo wanjye ni Abakomunisiti"
- 2000 - "Kashe y'abantu"
- 2004 - "Ubugambanyi bwo kurwanya Amerika"
- 2007 - "Umuzimu uri hanze"
- 2011 - "Nemesis"
Trilogy kubyerekeye David Kwica
- 1972 - "Isanduku"
- 1977 - "Umwarimu w'icyifuzo"
- 2001 - "Inyamaswa Yahiye"
Ibitabo bijyanye na Zuckerman
- Trilogy "Cool Zuckerman"
- 1979 - "Ubuvanganzo Negro"
- 1981 - "KUBUNTU ZUCKERMAN"
- 1983 - "Isomo rya Anatomy"
Epilogue
- 1985 - "Prague orgy"