Ubuzima
Umuhanzi w'abantu w'Abarusiya, umuyobozi-Multiplite Leonid Schwartzman muri 2020 yizihije isabukuru yimyaka 100. Niwe wahimbye uburyo Cheburashka nizindi nyuguti zisa. Umuntu umwe yagaragaje inkuru ivuga ku kibazo cyihishe ahantu hizewe cyane, "injangwe yitwa Gav" kandi yahimbwe, kuruta gupima boa - "ipamba 38". Muyandi magambo, Leonid Aronovich ni umwe mu bakozi b'Abasomyi SOYIZALFILM n'ibigirwamana by'abana ibihumbi by'Ubukuru ya Ussr n'Uburusiya.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Mugwiro yavutse ku ya 30 Kanama 1920 muri Mink, umutima wa SSR wa Biyelorusiya, mu muryango wa Arona Nakhmanovich na Rasheli Slapena. Lituwaniya na Minsanka, Abayahudi mu bwenegihugu, bavugaga Yiddish. Kimwe cyahuguye abana babo - Leonid na murumuna we na murumuna we, Nauma na Hertatta (cyangwa Etta gusa), byakuze cyane. Mu kiganiro, Umuremyi wa Cheburashka yibukije:
"Ababyeyi banjye na muvandimwe na mushiki wanjye bakomoka muri Xyiri."Igihe Leonid yize mu cyiciro cya 2, yatangiye kumusanga (umwarimu mu kiyahudi) no kwigisha igiheburayo. Umuhungu yarwanyije muburyo bwose. Ihame, ntiyumvaga idini kandi ntiyakundaga isinagogi, kimwe n'abana bose ba UsSr, yateganyaga kujya mu bapayiniya. Amasomo yarangiye nyuma yimyaka 2, kuba umwana yakubise umwana amasengesho mumutwe we, akubita urugi, asigare.
Umuyobozi w'umuryango arone Schwartman yapfuye igihe Leonid yari afite imyaka 13: umugabo yakubise imodoka. Hari mu 1934, Hitler Hitler yari amaze gufata umwanya ku ruziga rw'Ubudage, kandi ibintu ntibyabaye. Kubwibyo, Umuremyi wa Cheburashka yimukiye i Leningrad kuri mushiki we, wasimbuye nyina. Nyuma gato yabo na Rasheli Shilooovna.
"Muri Minsk, [Mama] yaba yarapfuye mu minsi ya mbere. Leonid Schwarzman agira ati: Benshi mu bashoboye kugenda cyangwa kuva mu mujyi, barokotse, basigaye bishwe muri Ghetto. "Abagore ntibabaye mu 1942, ntabwo yari agishoboye kwihanganira ingingo za Leningrad yarubishijwe.
Leonid Aronovich yageragejwe yo guhanga Leonid aronovich kuva mu bwana. Yashushanyije ibintu byose byabonye ikibuga cye no gutatanya, aho yakubiswe n'inshuti. Mu 1941, kugwira ku ishuri mu kigo gishinzwe gushushanya, igishusho n'ubwubatsi muri Leningrad.
Muri Gicurasi 1941, Leonid yahamagaye ingabo, bidatinze intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu yarishwe. Twiteguye kwiyandikisha kwa Gisirikare no Kwiyandikisha mu biro by'umushinga we wazimiye, kandi ntabwo byari ngombwa kujya imbere. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu gihe cy'intambara, Schwartzman yakoraga mu ruganda rwa Chelyabinsk, aho bari bimuwe muri benshi.
Mu 1945, ubuzima bwo muri Usssr bwongeye kwaragira amahoro. Noneho Leonid yimukiye i Moscou yinjiraga mu kigo cya Leta cy'Uburusiya cya Leta cya Sinemandography (VGIK). Imbere ye hari amahitamo - kuba umuhanzi haba murugo cyangwa cinema ya animasiyo.
"Muri cinema ya makibic, kandi ikora ibishushanyo bishimishije, ariko iyubakwa rya nyaburanga ryegereye umurimo wa Proba. Nagiye muri Cartoon. Muri yo, ibintu byose bishingiye kuri gahunda iyegereye igitabo, kandi narabikunze, nk'urugero, "twibukije ikigereranyo," yibukije ikigereranyo, "yibukije ikigereranyo," yibukije ko ikigereranyo cya Cheburashka.Mu 1948, umusozi ufite impano yajyanywe muri "Soyuldilm": Ubuyobozi bw'isosiyete bwakuze cyane n'imirimo ye yo gutanga impamyabumenyi kuri "Ruratino". Muri ibyo, atangira ibitekerezo birebire, byuzuye ibitekerezo ninyuguti nziza nakazi wa Leonid Schwarzman.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Kuri Soyuzmultfilm, Leonid Aronovich yasanze umuhamagaro n'incuti zizerwa, ahubwo no mugore we wenyine. Tatyana Dombrovskaya na we yakoranye na benshi n'umufasha wa interineti. Se ni Vladimir Romanov - Ikirusiya, na nyina wa Yanina Franventive Dombrovskaya wo muri Polonye.By the way, biva mu makarito y'ikarito y'ikarito yerekeye ingona "yatije" agatsiko k'imisatsi ishaje ku mukecuru wa shapoklyak. Ariko imico ntiyanyeganyega neza.
"Umukecuru Shapoklyak ni antifode yuzuye ya nyirabukwe."Ubukwe Schwartzman na Dombrovskaya bakinnye mu 1951, kumenyera igice cyumwaka.
"Kandi icyo nakurura, kuva namenye ko nabonye umugabo wanjye?" - Kugwiza biratangaje.Hamwe nubucuti, ubugingo bwabo ntibuzatongana: Muri 2021, benshi bazizihiza Yubile yimyaka 70.
Leonid Schwarzman ni imico ituje, kandi igituje ukundi, ubuzima bwe bwite ntibwirika kwigarurira vuba kandi bwizeye. Mubyukuri, mubuto bwe, ubwiza buhebuje bwamanitswe. Kubwamahirwe, umuhanzi yasobanukiwe vuba: Nibyiza kubaho uhuje numuntu umwe kuruta kugabana ubugingo bwe kuri ba nyirabuja.
Abana Leonid Aroganovich na Tatiana Vladimiimiro, ishyano, ntibabonye. Ariko mu kiganiro, benshi mugwira bavuga ko abamwumva babonwaga nk'abakobwa n'abahungu, hanyuma - nk'abazungu. Itumanaho hamwe n'abakiri bato, muri rusange, gufata.
Amakarito
Kuva munsi y'ibaba rya Leonid Schwartzmanmanna (hanyuma, birumvikana ko batatekereje ku gishushanyo cya mudasobwa kandi bashizeho amakarito ku mukobwa: plastine, ikariso, ikarito) yari izwi cyane, bazwiho ubuhanga bugaragara, bazwi kuri uyu munsi. Imyenda ye yakubiswe - "Indabyo zituzi" (1952) mu nkuru yizina Sergey Aksakov. Noneho hariho "antilopa ya zahabu" (1954), "umwamikazi wa zahabu" (1957), ati: "Umusirikare" (1964) kandi, byanze bikunze, amateka y'ingona ya geno n'inshuti ze.
Ishusho yinyamaswa idahwitse ya Cheburashka, ukunda amacunga, yakosoye Edward Uspensky, ariko ni Schonartzman wa Leonid wamugaragarije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwanditsi yari afite ishyari rikomeye: kugeza ku minsi ya nyuma y'ubuzima, yarwaniye uburenganzira kuri Cheburashka. Nubwo ukemuye imikino Olempike 2006, isi yose izi ishusho yaremye nagwira.
Ati: "Nari nzi ko magendu, ineza, itagira ishyari kandi ishyari yo muri Uspensky yakonywe na benshi. Ntabwo nashoboye kwerekana ubwanditsi bwa Cheburashka. Ariko sinabikeneye na gato. Byendagusetsa kandi birasekeje ko Cheburashka ubwe yagaragaye. Ahantu heza! Ni ubuhe butumwa buvuga ikintu ... dukeneye amafaranga yo gutekereza kuri iyo rumuri? Ariko kwibuka bizagumaho ko ari ngombwa, "mu kiganiro namaze ikiganiro.Nyuma y "ingona ya gene" (1969), "Cheburashka" (1971) na "shapoklyak" (1974) Umuhanzi yaremye inkuru za Gav n'inshuti ye - ikibwana kijyanye na Marty, Inzovu, Parrot hanyuma uve muri "Parrots 38", hafi inkende zidasubirwaho na mama. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu gice cya kabiri, amakarito agera kuri 60, amakarito magufi kandi yuzuye, mu mafilime ya Schwartzman. Buri kimwe muri byo nikikorwa nyacyo cyubuhanzi, burigihe gitera nostalgia.
Leonid Schwartzman Noneho
Muri Kanama 2020, mugwiro yari afite imyaka 100. Hamwe na Yubile yo mu kinyejana, Perezida Vladimir Putin yaramushimiye. Yakuyeho Schwartznanna "umukurambere wa Animasiyo y'Ishuri ry'Uburusiya", ku kazi kabo ntabwo ari kimwe, kandi yifuriza ubuzima bwiza. Ariko utifurije, umuhanzi yumva akiri muto."Ndacyakangutse, ndibuka byose, ndagiye mu kiganiro cy'ibinyamakuru."Bika kubaho k'umwuka bifasha ubuzima bukora, byishyurwa mugitondo. Kandi mumyaka mike ishize, Leonid Aronovich yashoboraga kandi ikigwari ikora kilometero nkeya hanyuma ujye kuri pisine, no kuri parike iri hafi kurugendo rwo gutwara amagare. Ararya kandi imboga nyinshi mbisi, ntabwo akunda kuryoha. Kandi ntiwumve, ntanywa. Nubwo hamwe nindi ngeso mbi, kunywa itabi, "guhambirwa" ugereranije na - mumyaka 75.
Hamwe numugore we Leonid Schwarzman ubu aba mubyumba 2 byo kuraramo muri Izmailovo mu burasirazuba bwa Moscou. Abakozi b'insinga babafasha. Kugwiza byinshi, inkunga ya buri munsi irakenewe. " N'ubundi kandi, Tatsna Dambrovskaya na we ni umwijima muremure: muri Nzeri 2020 bihindura imyaka 95. Kandi hamwe namafoto yuwo mwashakanye wa Schwartzman, baracyareba umwana amaso n'amababi.
Filmography
- 1952 - "Indabyo nziza"
- 1954 - "antelope ya zahabu"
- 1957 - "UMWAMI W'UMWAKA"
- 1959 - "Abashimusi bashushanyije"
- 1964 - "Nyirarume Intambwe - Umusirikare"
- 1969 - "Genga Ingona"
- 1971 - "Cheburashka"
- 1976 - "Ipamba 38"
- 1976-1982 - "Conten witwa Gav"
- 1977-1991 - "Ipamba 38"
- 1981 - "Hedgehog wongeyeho inyenzi"
- 1983-1997 - "Inguge"
- 1988 - "Gukinisha Ikiyoka"
- 1993 - "Rustic Waterville"
- 2001 - "Dora-Dora Inyanya"