Ubuzima
Njye na Paul Nzaba Umutegetsi ufite ibyago bitoroshye. Ntabwo ari impanuka ko uhagarariye ingoma y'Uburusiya yabonye izina Hamlet. Ubuzima bw'Umwami w'abami bwagaragaye kuzura ibintu bitangaje, guhera mu kigo cy'imfubyi no kurangirana n'urupfu rubi kubera ko yabaye umugambi wo gugambanira. Inama y'Ubutegetsi yakozwe na Pawulo Nagize ikibazo ku buryo abahanga nyuma bahanga nibaza niba ari umuvugizi cyangwa despot.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umwami w'abami bose - Uburusiya bwa mbere ni ugusimbuza ubwoko bwa cyami Royanov, mwene Catherine wa II na Peter waii. Nubwo kubera gusetsa kwa se ku ngingo "Ntabwo bizwi aho umugore wo mu mugore we" atazwi ", benshi babonaga ko se wa Paul nakunze Catherine Alekseevna Serstkovna Serstkov. Byongeye kandi, imfura yavutse nyuma yimyaka 10 yubukwe.
Ariko, guhuza no hanze kwa Pawulo na Petero bigomba gufatwa nkigisubizo cyibihuha. Ubwana bwumwanya wo kwigira umuntu ntashobora kwitwa kwishima. Kubera urugamba rwa politiki, Umusonga uriho Elizaveta I Petrovna yatinyaga bwa mbere bwa mbere, umwuzukuru wo gushyikirana n'ababyeyi be kandi akikiza ingabo z'abaguzi, bahagaritswe mbere y'abahungu bahangayika kuruta guhangayikishwa n'umuhungu.
Muri kiriya gihe, umusore yahawe uburere bwiza, bwashobokaga muri kiriya gihe. Gutanga kwayo kwayo kwatanzwe hamwe nisomero ryagutse rya Johann Korf. Abarimu bigishije umuragwa ku ngoma ku ngoma n amategeko y'Imana, indimi z'amahanga, imbyino no kuzimya, gushushanya no ku bandi basanzwe.
Igishimishije, nta na kimwe mu masomo yahujwe n'ibikorwa bya gisirikare, ariko umwangavu w'abanatiwe ubwe yatangiye kubigiramo uruhare. Catherine II, yinjiye mu ntebe y'ubwami, yashyize umukono ku nteka yo kugeza ku muhungu wa Pavejene ndategeka mu kugera ku basore ba benshi.
Ariko, inyandiko ntiyitswe: Ahari umwamikazi yasenye impapuro, kandi birashoboka ko ari umugani gusa. Ariko boherejwe ku kibaho kidashimishije cy'Abadage z'Icyuma, harimo na Emelyan Pugachev, boherejwe kuri ayo magambo.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ku mugaragaro, Pawulo nashakanye kabiri. Uwo mwashakanye wa mbere, umwamikazi ukomeye Natalya Alekseevna, yabyaye Umuganwakazi w'Ubudage wa Wilhelmina Hesse-Darmstadt. Umukecuru yapfuye nyuma yimyaka 2 ubukwe mugihe cyo kubyara. Umuhungu wa mbere wa Pawulo navutse yapfuye. Muri uwo mwaka, umwami w'abami ukomokayo yongeye gushyingirwa kandi agendana n'umugore mushya i Gatetina, aho yakoresheje imyitozo ya gisirikare.
Umugore wa Pavlo Petrovich wa Pavlo Petrovich ya Pavlo Petrovich mbere yo gushyingirwa, mu busore bwe yitwaga Sofia Maria, kandi yagenewe kuba umubyeyi icyarimwe, Pawulo ntiyari ameze neza. yakunze umukobwa. Umutegetsi yanditse kavukire avuga ko "uyu mudozi ufite isura nziza yashimiwe n'umupfakazi."
Ubumwe na Maria Fedorovna, abana 10 bavutse ku mwami w'abami. Usibye ibyo bavuze haruguru, Mikhail Pavlovich, washinze ishuri rya mbere ry'abambumari muri St. Petersburg. Mu nzira, yabaye umwana wenyine wavutse ku ngoma ya Pawulo mbere.
Urukundo mu mugore we ntirwibajije Pawulo njya mu mategeko akurikije amategeko akemewe kandi atangira gukundwa. Babiri muri bo, Freillina Sophia Ushakov na Maurus Yuyev, ndetse babyara umwami w'abana butemewe. Birakwiye kandi kubona Ekaterina Nelidov, byagize ingaruka kumutegetsi. Byeze ko yagerageje kuyobora igihugu n'amaboko.
Ubuzima bwihariye bwa Pawulo I na Catherine Nelidova bambaraga abanyabwenge kuruta imiterere ya kamere. Muri yo, umwami yashyize mu bikorwa ibitekerezo by'urukundo Knight. Igihe urugo rwasobanukirwa uburyo imbaraga z'uyu mugore byariyongereye, bashishikarije "umusimbura" ukunda Pawulo.
Anna Lopukhin yabaye umudamu mushya w'umutima, na Nelidova basezeye mu gihome cya Loda, ku butaka muri Esitoniya bugezweho. Ifite amatsiko iyo Lopukhina yaje kutishimira uko ibintu bimeze nk'ibi, ashushanya imiterere ya nyirabuja, ushushanya imiterere ya nyirabuja, ushushanya imiterere ya nyirabuja w'umutegetsi, "knight" yerekana ibitekerezo no kurakara kandi ko iyo mibanire igaragazwa hepfo.
Inteko Nyobozi
Pawulo nafashe intebe y'ubwami bw'Uburusiya gusa mu myaka 42 gusa. Mu gihe cyo kwimika, yatangaje impinduka mu mbaraga: none abagabo bonyine bashoboraga gutegeka muri Se, kandi ikamba ryimuwe kuri Data gusa ku Mwana - abagore bo mu muryango wa cyami wambuwe ingoma. Iyi Paul yatsinzwe yizeye kwirinda guhirika ubutegetsi kenshi mugihe cyashize.
By the way, ku nshuro ya mbere mu mateka, uburyo bwihuse bwakozwe kuri umwami w'abami, n'abasogongo. Umubano utoroshye na nyina wateje ko Pawulo nahisemo uburyo bwo kuyobora mu gihugu arwanya ibyemezo byayo kuri politiki y'imbere ya "Absolubility!
Nkaho "witwa" Kwibuka Catherine Alekseevna Pavel babanje gusubizwa umudendezo wo guhamwa n'umudendezo wo guhamwa n'icyaha cyo guhamwa n'icyaha cya Alexander Radishchev, Nikolay Novikov na Angea Kostsheko. Yavuguruye ingabo, atangira kurwanya igihome.
Umwami w'abarusiya yasinyanye inyandiko nyinshi zaranze imigane y'umwanya w'abanyacyubahiro. Gutekereza kunoza umwanya w'Abahinzi, umutegetsi yatanze Manifeste akoresheje iminsi itatu. Dukurikije iyi nyandiko, ba nyir'ubutaka babujije ibibandi ku cyumweru, iminsi mikuru n'iminsi irenga itatu mu cyumweru.
Ivugurura ry'intara ryatangiye kuva iteka ryasohoye "ku igabana rishya rya Leta mu Ntara". Intego yari igamije kurushaho guhuza imbaraga no kugabanya ibiciro byibiri mubuyobozi.
Dukurikije ibi, byateguwe kugabanya umubare w'intara kuva kuri 50 kugeza 4 kugeza 41, bikuraho ibikoresho by'ishuri, bikagabanya amafaranga ku bayobozi tugabanuka, bigatuma habaho ubugenzuzi bwa ba guverineri. Mu 1800, Pawulo nemeje Manifeste ku Budage Ingoma y'Uburusiya yose - y'Uburusiya, ariko, ntabwo yatangajwe.
Ibikorwa nkibi by'umutegetsi ntabwo byaganiriye ku kintu cyiza. Kubohora imirasire, nyuma yimyaka myinshi, yashubije muburyo bwo kwigomeka k'ubujurire, muri bo bahagarariye Arzamas bafunze, muri bo bahagarariye barbecine yagumye ku mpapuro, kandi kurwanya ruswa mu ngabo zahindutse urukurikirane yo gukandamizwa. Byaragaragaye ko ari ivugurura rya 1796-1798, intego yaryo yagombaga kugabanya ifaranga nukwanga impapuro.
Muri politiki y'ububanyi n'amahanga, Pawulo namenyekanye kubera urugamba n'ibitekerezo by'impinduramatwara y'Abafaransa. Yatangije ubucuruzi bukomeye bwo gutangaza ibitabo, ibitabo by'Abafaransa, imyambarire, harimo no kuzenguruka, byabujijwe. Mu kinama cya Paver Petrovich, kubera ko umuyobozi Alexander Suvorov na Visi admiral Fodor Ushakov, intwaro z'Uburusiya na Fleet byatsinze ingabo za Prussian na Otirishiya.
Nyuma, umwami w'abami yerekanaga imico ye, yashishimuye hamwe n'imibanire n'imibanire kandi bingana na Napoleon. Muri Bonaparte, Umutegetsi w'Uburusiya yabonye imbaraga zishobora guhagarika impinduramatwara ya allimmonarchike. Mu 1801, Uburusiya bwasoje amahoro n'Ubufaransa.
Ariko, yaribeshye neza: Umufaransa ntabwo yabaye uwatsinze ndetse na nyuma y'urupfu rwa Pawulo, ariko kubera icyemezo cye ndetse no mu Bwongereza bwateye imbere mu bukungu, mu Burusiya yatakaje isoko rinini ry'isoko, ryagaragaye ku gipimo cya Kuba mu Bwami.
Mbere, mu 1798, Fleet Bonaparte yafashe Malta. Bidatinze, Pawulo ndasaba abaturage ba Maltese bemeye izina rya Master Mabikomeye ya Maltese. Kuri uyu munsi, amarangi vladimir borovikovsky yavuguruye igishushanyo mbonera cy'umwami hamwe na regia nshya. Mu kinyejana cya XVII, uburemere bw'umwami budakunze gushimirwa, byari bisanzwe ko byabyanditseho amarangi asanzwe. Isura yumutegetsi Umuhanzi yandikiye Stepyan Schukin.
Urupfu
Ku ngoma ya Pawulo njye, nubwo twahindutse mu murage, byibuze ibihugu bitatu byateguwe kuri Rumanov, nyuma yacyo cyambitswe ikamba. Ba ofisiye, abayobozi b'igisirikare cy'Uburusiya, kimwe n'imibare ya leta nijoro ku ya 24 Werurwe 1801, binjiye mu cyumba cy'umwami wa Mikhailovsky maze bakora iyicwa rya Pawulo I. Mbere, ubutegetsi bw'ingoro bwoherejwe mu mva ya Petero wa III.
Impamvu yemewe y'urupfu yitwaga ibihangano. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko abanyacyubahiro bahuye nimirire yurupfu hamwe nubutaka bubigeze. Imyumvire ya Pawulo ndatanga ibisekuruza ntibisobanutse. Bamwe ku butegetsi bwa Alexandre Nanjye, hanyuma mu bihe bikomeye byashizeho ishusho ya Tirana n'Umukiza. Umusizi Alexander Fuskin muri Ode "umudendezo" wamwitaga "Umugome wambitswe ikamba."
Abandi bagerageje gushimangira ubudakemwa bwa Pawulo bwa mbere, bita umutegetsi "urukundo rwonyine ku ntebe" na "Umurusiya Hamlet". Itorero rya orotodogisi ryanasuzumye kunywa umwami.