Amateka y'inyuguti
Abalewi NikoLavich bashoboye gutandukanya isi yubuvanganzo bafite ibicuruzwa bishya, ni umwimerere uva mubyago byagize ubwoko, ariko nanone wahimbye inyuguti zamabara. Nibyo, ntabwo buringaniye amaduka y'ibitabo asoma igitabo kinini cy'umwanditsi uhereye ku bukorikori ku bukoriko, ariko benshi bazi uwo Pierre Firus, Natasha Rostov na Andrei bolkonsky.Amateka yo Kurema
Mu 1856, Abalewi Nikolayevich Tolstoy batangiye akazi ku mirimo ye idapfa. Noneho umupfumu yatekerezaga ko gukora inkuru yabwira abasomyi kubyerekeye intwari, guhatirwa gusubira mu bwami bw'Uburusiya. Umwanditsi yatesheje agaciro ibikurikira mu 1825, ariko icyo gihe umwanda yari umuryango n'umuntu ukuze. Igihe Abalewi Nikolayevich bibajije urubyiruko rw'intwari, byahitanye bitabaye 1812.
1812 ntibyari byoroshye ku gihugu. Intambara yo gukunda igihugu yatangiye, kubera ko Ingoma y'Uburusiya yanze gukomeza guhagarika umutima, aho Napolen yabonye intwaro nyamukuru yo kurwanya Ubwongereza. Tolstoy yahumekeye iyo gihe gito, usibye ko bene wabo bitabiriye aya mateka.
Kubwibyo, mu 1863, umwanditsi yatangiye gukora ikinyamakuru cyerekana iherezo ryabaturage bose. Kugira ngo ntagire ikibazo, Abalewi NikoLyevich bashingiye ku bikorwa bya siyansi ya Alexander Mikhailavsky-Danilevsky, Mikhail Shcherbinich, Mikhail Shcherbinin hamwe n'abandi bihuru. Bati kubona inspiration, umwanditsi ndetse yasuye umudugudu wa Borodino, aho ingabo za Napoleon Bonaparte n'umuyobozi mukuru w'Uburusiya wa Mikhail kutuzov bagonganye.
Kubera akazi kayo, tolstoy yakoze, imyaka irindwi ntabwo igoreka amaboko, yandika impapuro ibihumbi bitanu, bakuramo inyuguti 550. Kandi ibi ntibitangaje, kuko umurimo wahawe imico ya filozofiya, yerekanwa binyuze mubushishozi bwubuzima bwabanturusiya mugihe cyo kunanirwa no gutsindwa.
Ariko, umwanditsi yerekana ubushakashatsi bwumwuka bwabantu bafatwa neza kubyo yaremye. Mu 1871, Athanasius FIT Yakiriye ibaruwa aho Abalewi Nikolaevich baranditse bati:
"Nkuko nishimye ... ko ntazigera na rimwe na rimwe kuba ubwinshi bwo kwandika" intambara "nyinshi". "Ikintu cyose cyakozwe neza nta nkota, roman-epopea "intambara n'amahoro", cyasohotse mu 1865 (Ikinyamakuru cya mbere cyagaragaye mu kinyamakuru "Ikinyamakuru cya mbere"), cyari gifite intsinzi mu ruhame. Imirimo y'umwanditsi w'Uburusiya yakubise abanenga mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga, kandi igitabo ubwe yamenyekanye nkigikorwa gikomeye cyibitabo bishya by'Uburayi.
Diaspora yubuvanganzo yavuze ntabwo ari ikibanza gishimishije gusa mu "mahoro", no mu gihe cya "Gisirikare", ariko nanone ibipimo bya Canvase y'impimbano. Nubwo abakinnyi benshi b'abakinnyi, tolstoy bagerageje guha buri kintu cyintwari imico.
Ibiranga Andrei BolKonsky
Andrei BolKonsky nimiterere nyamukuru mu gitabo cya Leo Wittrstoy "Intambara n'amahoro". Birazwi ko abantu benshi muriyi mirimo bafite prototype nyayo, urugero, Natasha Rostov Umwanditsi "yaremye" numugore we Sopreevna na bashiki be Tatiana bers. Ariko ishusho ya Andrei Bolkonsky Collective. Kuva ku ngero zishoboka, abashakashatsi bahamagaye Nikolai alekseevich tutlatenant, general w'ingabo z'Uburusiya, ndetse n'abatware b'ubwubatsi bwa Evedor Ivanovich Tisengausen.
Birashimishije cyane ko ubanza Andrei BolKonsky yateguwe numwanditsi nkumuntu muto waje kubona imico ku giti cye kandi abaye imico nyamukuru yumurimo. Mu gishushanyo cya mbere cya Leo, NikoLeyevich Bolkonsky yari umusore w'isi, mu gihe mu gitabo gikurikira cy'Abaroma kigaragara imbere y'abasomyi nk'abasomyi, riha abafana ku butwari urugero rw'ubutwari n'ubutwari.
Byongeye kandi, abasomyi barashobora gukurikirana byombi mbere yo gushinga imiterere nimpinduka mumiterere yintwari. Abashakashatsi barimo ibice ku mubare w'amateka yo mu mwuka: Uyu musore yubaka umwuga, ariko ntashobora kutita kubibazo bya societe.
Andrey BolKonsky igaragara imbere yabasomyi nkumusore mwiza wo gukura gato no mumababa yumye. Yanga societe y'indyarya y'indyarya, ariko aje ku mipira n'ibindi byabaye ku bushuka:
"We, we, wahoze mu cyumba cyose ntabwo yari amenyereye gusa, ariko bari bananiwe ku buryo yararakaye cyane kukwumva."Bolkonsky atitaye ku mugore we Lisa, ariko iyo apfuye, umusore yishinjaga ko hakonje hamwe n'umugore we kandi ntiyamwitayeho. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko Abalewi NikoLyevich, ninde uzi kumenya umuntu wa kamere, ahishura umwirondoro wa Andrei Bolkonsky mubice, aho imiterere ibona igiti kinini kimaze kera ku nkombe yumuhanda, ni uburyo bwikigereranyo bwimbere Leta ya Prince Andrei.
Mubindi bintu, intare ninilayevich tolstoy yashyize iyi ntwari imico ihanganye, ihuza ubutwari nubugwari: BolKonsky yubutwari nubugwari: muburyo busanzwe bwiyi jambo bunyura mubuzima butatsinzwe kandi bunanirwa ubuzima butsinzwe kandi bunanirwa. Protagonist noneho itakaza icyo ubuzima, yongeye kwizera ku ntego nziza, yubaka nuburyo bwo kugeraho.
Andrei NikoLeyevich yasomye Napoleon, yashakaga kandi guhimbaza no kuzana ingabo ze ku ntsinzi, ariko ibizaba byahimbye, intwari y'akazi yarakomeretse ikashyikiriza ibitaro. Nyuma, igikomangoma yamenye ko umunezero utari mu ntsinzi na Laurels y'icyubahiro, ariko mubana n'ubuzima bw'umuryango. Ariko, ikibabaje, BolKonsky yagombaga gutsindwa: Ntabwo ategereje urupfu rw'uwo mwashakanye gusa, ahubwo ategereje no guhemukira Natasha rostova.
"Intambara n'amahoro"
Igikorwa c'igitabo, kivuga ubucuti n'ubuhemu, ritangira gusura Anna Pavlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna Sherlovna, aho Umucyo Usumbabyose wa St. Petersburg ugiye kuganira na politiki n'uruhare rwa Napleon mu ntambara. Abalewi NikoLyevich bagaragaje ibya Salolonike na "Sosiyete Nyirinyoma", byari bisobanuwe neza na Alexander Griboedov mu kazi ke "ishyano". Muri salon anna pavlovna kandi agaragara imbere yabasomyi Andrei Nikolaevich.
Nyuma ya saa sita n'ibiganiro byubusa, Andrei yagiye mu mudugudu kwa Data akava mu mudugudu we Lisa mu misozi yo mu muryango yita kuri mushiki wa Marya. Mu 1805, Andrei Nikolayevich yagiye kurwana na Napoleon, aho akora nk'umuntu ushinzwe kutara. Mu ntambara yamaraso, intwari yarakomeretse, nyuma yo kujyanwa mu bitaro.
Agarutse mu rugo, Andereya Andereya yari ategereje amakuru adashimishije: Mu gihe cyo kubyara, umugore we Lisa yarapfuye. Bolkonsky yinjiye mu bwihebe. Umusore yababajwe nibyo yafataga uwo bashakanye akonje kandi atagaragaza ko amwubaha. Noneho igikomangoma Andrei yongeye gukundana, byamufashaga kwikuramo ibintu bibi.
Iki gihe Natasha Rostov aba umutware wumusore. Bolkonsky yamusabye umukobwa n'umuhungu, ariko kubera ko se yari arwanya Messallians, ishyingiranwa yagombaga gusubikwa umwaka. Natasha, udashobora kubaho wenyine, yakoze amakosa atangira iki gishushanyo afite umukunzi wubuzima bukabije na Anatola kurani.
Intwari yohereje ibaruwa ya Bolkonsky ifite kwanga. Impinduka nkizo zakomeretse Andrei NikoLevich, urota guhamagara uhanganye kuri duel. Kurangaza urukundo rudakenewe hamwe nubunararibonye bwumwuka, igikomangoma cyatangiye gukora cyane no kwiyegurira umurimo. Mu 1812, Bolkonsky yagize uruhare mu ntambara yo kurwanya Napoleon no mu ntambara ya Borodino yakomeretse mu gifu.
Hagati aho, umuryango wo gukura wimukiye mu mutungo wa Moscou, aho intambara yitabiriye. Mu basirikare bakomeretse, Natasha Rostov yabonye igikomangoma Andereya maze amenya ko urukundo rutazimiye mu mutima we. Kubwamahirwe, ubuzima bwa Bolkonsky budasanzwe bwarahabwaga ubuzima bwubuzima, igikomangoma rero cyapfiriye mu maboko ya Natasha n'amacanwa Marya.
Ibikorwa n'abakinnyi
Intare y'Abaroma Nikolayevich Tolstoy Kurenza Abayobozi bazwi cyane bakingiwe: umurimo w'umwanditsi w'Uburusiya yahujwe na ginoman Kinomans no muri Hollywood. Mubyukuri, firime zashyizwe kuri iki gitabo ntizishobora kubarwa ku ntoki, bityo tuzatondekanya firime zimwe gusa.
"Intambara n'isi" (Filime, 1956)
Mu 1956, umuyobozi wa King Vidor yagize ibicuruzwa by'intare tolstoy kuri ecran ya televiziyo. Filime ntabwo itandukanye cyane nigitabo cyumwimerere. Ntibitangaje mu bintu byumwimerere hari page 506, zifite inshuro eshanu ingano yinyandiko yo hagati. Amasasu yabereye mu Butaliyani, ibice bimwe byafashwe amashusho i Roma, celonike na pinule.
Mu bitero byiza harimo inyenyeri zamenyekanye za Hollywood. Natasha Rostov yacunishije Audrey Fopburn, Gender Foundation yavunitse muri Pierre Zuhov, kandi mu ruhare rwa Bolkonsky, Mel Ferrer yagaragaye.
"Intambara n'isi" (Filime, 1967)
Ubukorikori bwa firime yuburusiya ntabwo ari inyuma yabakorana mumahanga mumahugurwa, bitangaje abari aho bitavuzwe n "" ishusho "gusa, ariko nanone ningengo yimari nurwego. Umuyobozi Sergey Bondarduckup yakoraga imyaka igice cyigihe cyingengo yimari ihebuje mumateka ya sinema ya Soviet.
Muri firime, filime ntabwo igaragara gusa umugambi numukino wabakinnyi, ariko kandi nuwabimenyeshejwe - Nigute: Sergwarduk yakoresheje ifoto nshya ya panoramic muri kiriya gihe. Uruhare rwa Andrei BolKonsky rwabonye umukinnyi VYREALLAV Tikhonov. Lyudmila Savelyyev, Kira Golovko, Oleg Tabatov, Anastasia Vertinskaya, Nikolai Trofimov n'abandi na bo bakinishijwe ku ishusho.
"Intambara n'isi" (Urukurikirane rwa Tereviziyo, 2007)
Umuyobozi w'Abadage, Robert Dorngelm na we yagize uruhare mu tegeko ry'imirimo y'intare, atanga filime n'inkuru y'umwimerere. Byongeye kandi, Robert yimukiye mu rubingo mu bijyanye no kugaragara kw'inyuguti nkuru, urugero, Natasha Rostov (Urugero, Natasha Rostov (Abasizi b'amashanyarazi) bigaragara n'abareba blonde n'amaso y'ubururu.
Ishusho ya Andrei BolKonsky yagiye mu mukinnyi wataliyani Atio Boney, wibukwa na film "ubujura" (1993), "Dracula" (2002) n'ibindi bishushanyo.
"Intambara n'isi" (Urukurikirane rwa Tereviziyo, 2016)
Dukurikije "igitabo cy'abarinzi", abatuye Alborne yisi batangiye kugura inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki z'intare zandikishijwe intoki z'intare z'intare nyuma y'uru ruhererekane, bafatanije n'umuyobozi Tom Harperm.
Guhuza ibice bitandatu byigitabo byerekana abumva umubano wurukundo, ntamwanya mugihe cya gisirikare. Uruhare rwa Andrei Bolkonsky rwakozwe na James Norton, rugabana urubuga rwo kurasa no hasi rwahawe na Lily James.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Abalewi NikoLyevich ntibigeze babona ko umurimo we utoroshye urangiye kandi wemera ko igitabo "cy'intambara" kigomba kurangira ahantu hatandukanye. Ariko, umwanditsi ntiyigeze agaragaza igitekerezo cye.
- Muri firime "intambara n'amahoro" (1956), imyambarire yakoreshejwe mu bihumbi birenga ibihumbi ijana by'imyambarire ya gisirikare, imyambarire na Wigs byakorewe hakurikijwe ibishushanyo by'umwimerere by'igihe cya Napoleon Bonaparte.
- Mu gitabo cy'amahanga "intambara n'amahoro", ibitekerezo bya filozofiya by'umwanditsi n'ibice by'amategeko ye bikurikiranwa. Umwanditsi ntiyakunze umuryango wa Moscou kandi yari afite inenge z'umwuka. Igihe umugore atazabujije kwihuta kwe, akurikije ibihuha, Abalewi Nikolayevich yagendaga "ibumoso". Kubwibyo, ntabwo bitangaje kuba imico ye, nkumuntu wese upfa, mugire ibintu bibi.
- Ishusho abasimburabyaha ntabwo yasohoye ibyamamare bivuye mu Burayi bw'Uburayi, ariko byaragaragaye ko byamamaye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti.