Maurice Meterlink - chithunzi, mbiri yamunthu, moyo waumwini, chifukwa cha imfa, mabuku

Chiphunzitso

Maurice Meterlink anali wolemba wa BElgian wa zidutswa, assalophio ndi malingaliro ndi tizikumbukiro, omwe adalandira mphoto ya Nobel m'mabuku. Kuphatikiza apo, munthu waluso adalandira dongosolo la Legion Homerance ngati chizindikiro cholemekeza ntchito ndi zolemba.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Mnyamatayo, dzina lathunthu lomveka ngati Maurice Polydor Marie Bernard, adabadwa mu banja lolemera la mellink mu 1862. Nyumba ya banja mkatikati ya GITTO idalamulira pamtunda wa tchuthi chamuyaya, chifukwa anthu omwe amakhala kumeneko sanazolowera kuzolowera kuzolowera.

Mayi Matilda, Franção anali wolowa m'malo olimba, ndipo abambo tubsy amagwira ntchito yotakamwa ku Clegian Khothi. Mu nthawi yake yaulere, mwamunayo ankakonda ubongo ndi ulimi, kotero maluwa ndi zitsamba zidakula mu banja.

Atalandira maphunziro oyambilira kuchokera ku Roversity, a Maurice adayamba sukulu ya aJesuit, komwe adaletsa mabuku a zachiwerewere. Ana anakakamizidwa kuphunzitsa mawu olembedwa m'Baibulo ndi ndakatulo za mapindu akumwamba, chidziwitso chachangu mothandizidwa ndi zilango ndi ndemanga za diary.

Chifukwa cha ichi, ndili mwana, meterllink adachoka kwa aphunzitsi ndi tchalitchi cha Katolika kuposa abambo ndi amayi opembedza kwambiri. Analemba mabuku adziko komanso ndakatulo zazifupi, zomwe pa upangiri wa ophunzira kusukulu adaganiza zolemba.

Pang'onopang'ono, idakhala chizolowezi, ndipo wachinyamatayo adayamba kufooka, kusokonezedwa ndi misempha yamaganizidwe kwambiri komanso kusawalitsatu mitu yophunzitsa. Koma nthawi yomwe inali kudzatenga mayeso, a Maurice adadzitengera yekha m'manja ndipo adalandira dipuloma yamaphunziro, osakumana ndi mavuto.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1880s, bambo ake atazindikira kuti mwana wawoyu ku Yunivesite ya Ghent, ndipo neil-neil-neils adaphunzira za mbiri ndi malamulo. Kumapeto kwa bungwe lotchuka, ma millink sanakhale loya waluso, ndipo adapita ku Paris kuti akadziwane ndi zowerengera ndikugwira ntchito polemba.

Moyo Wanu

Poyerekeza ndi zithunzi zosungidwa, millink inali mnyamata wokongola, ngakhale izi, m'khuta kwakale sizinathe kukhazikitsa moyo wanu. Pokhapokha ali ndi zaka 33, adapereka mtima wa wachinyamatayo, yemwe adazindikira kuti amakonda komanso amamwetulira mwa munthu chifukwa cha Yulis.

Mu 1895, a Maurice adasonkhana ndi mzimu ndikusankha tsiku loyamba ndi kukongola kwa Georget leblan. Mtsikana wina yemwe anali ndi nyimbo mosiyanasiyana ankakonda kupaka utoto ndi nyimbo, ndipo wolemba wa ku Belgian anamvetsetsa kuti analowa mumsampha wachikondi.

Axomior of the Slant pabwalo la chibwalo anali okonzeka kukwatiwa ndi boma, koma mkazi wake ndi Tchalitchi cha Katolika sanalole chilolezo chosudzulana. Ndinayenera kukhala muukwati waboma, poyamba gulu loweruzidwa, kenako Madam Meterlink adatha kukhazikikanso anthu olankhula.

Asewerawa adasandulika Museum, mkonzi wake ndi mnzake weniweni, adathandizira kukambirana ndi nyumba zofalitsa za buku ndi kugulitsa seweroli. Koma mitu ya filosofi sanatchuka panthawi ya Heiday tsiku lachikondi, ndipo kusapezeka kwa ndalama zilizonse zidapangitsa nkhawa za banja.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Popita nthawi, a Georgette watopa ndi zoletsa zandalama ndipo, kuyambiranso kulipira ndalama, kukakamizidwa kuti agawe za bajeti. Mkaziyo adavala zovala ndi zowonjezera zodula, ndipo bamboyo m'thumba mwake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ndalama zochepa chabe.

Chifukwa cha izi, mu ubale wa 1910 wa wolemba komanso wochita seweroli adagonja, mwamwayi, pakapita pano Rena Rena adawonekera m'moyo wa meterlink. Mtsikanayo adasewera posewera pa ntchito ya Belgian, ndipo iye, pozindikira chidwi chake, anali atatopa kwambiri.

Maubwenzi owonjezereka adapangidwa mwachangu, ndipo posakhalitsa wolemba adakwatirana ndi mtsikana yemwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chabwino ndikuchirikiza mwamunayo pachilichonse. A Maurice akamakakamizidwa kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse kuti achoke ku Europe, René popanda kumva kuti ali ndi chisoni chochepa kwambiri pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kwa zaka zambiri, pakuya kwa moyo, angapo olota ana, koma pamapeto pake anali atakhala ndi mwana wakufayo asanamwalire. Mkaziyo mosalekeza anachititsa kuti munthu akhale wotayika, ndipo bambo wazaka wazaka wazaka wazaka wazaka 73 sakanatha kutuluka mumdima wamdima mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake.

Mabuku

Mu 1888, meterllink inafalitsa buku la "lalanje", komwe ndakatuloyo idasonkhanitsidwa, idalembedwa pazaka za wophunzirayo. Kenako panali sewero ", lotumizidwa ndi Octave Miobo kuti muwunikenso, ndipo posakhalitsa akuyang'anira zosewerera ndi kutsutsa zidapereka yankho labwino.

Mu 1890, a Maurice adalemba zambiri, zomwe chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera adamulemekeza m'magulu olemba. "Wakhungu" ndi "Pellas ndi Selmonsai adabora", mzimu wapadera wake, adanena za momwe anthu opanda chidwi adamizidwa popanda chikondi.

Malingaliro ofanana, a ku Belgian adafotokoza m'magulu angapo automato, omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi maluwa "komanso" moyo wa njuchi ". Mitu yanzeru ndi zithunzi zokongola kuphatikiza ndi a caltoric rhetoric yokhudza kukhudzidwa ndikupweteketsa aliyense amene wawerenga panthawiyo.

Otsutsa, amakumbukiridwa bwino za kumetera, ananena kuti amene adamvetsetsa chete, chifukwa mabuku ake adamangidwa ndi mawu ambiri obisika. Chithunzi chachikondi ndi imfa, komanso zilembo za otchulidwazo zidapanga nkhani yoyambirira komanso yofunika.

Wolemba mawu a wolemba Belgian anali "mbalame yabuluu" yofananirayo, yolembedwa ndikupereka mu zisudzo mu 1908. Wosemphukira adawonetsa kuti chisangalalo chili pafupi ndi munthu wapafupi, koma ambiri sazindikira.

Malingaliro omwewo adawonekera pantchito ya "kuchitira umboni", yomwe idapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi mayi wa anthu wamba Georget leblan. Mkaziyo adayikanso dzanja lake ku "Mary Magadala" ndi "Maria Victoria", pofuna kuti wolemba alembe konse Mlembi pamaziko awo.

A Mellink, omwe amakonda mitundu ing'onoing'ono, sanasinthe pa nkhani yayikulu ndipo, ngakhale izi, adalandira mphotho ya Nobel mu 1911. Polankhula kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoseferatu komanso wafilosofi adadziwika, komanso kulingalira ndakatulo kwake komanso chikondi cha ntchito yolemba.

Kuzindikira kumapangitsa kuti a Maurice asunthire m'njira zosankhidwa, ndipo adabwezeretsanso buku la m'Baibuloli latsopano. Zaka za nkhalango zidali ndewu, ku Belgian kumalowa mzimu wa nthawi, komanso fanizo lankhondo. "Bulmasters of StILMond" anachititsa chidwi chapadera.

Atakalamba, merierlink adachoka pa sewero, kulembedwa ndakatulo ndi zolengeza, ndipo adapanganso kukumbukira "kukumbukira zokumbukira" (kapena "thovu yabuluu"). Ananenanso za ntchito yake komanso mawonekedwe ake padziko lapansi, kuyika owerenga ndi otsutsa ku malo opanda tsankho.

Imfa

Pamapeto pa moyo wake, meterlink adamanganso chimbudzi bwino, koma sangakhale chitonthozo chifukwa cha nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Mwini mphotho ya Nobel adathawa a Faister kupita ku United States ndipo adakhala komweko mpaka 1947 pagulu la abwenzi ndi mkazi wake.

Nkhaniyi ikadayikidwa kuti ibwerere ku France, Maurice sanaganize za mphindi, chifukwa adafuna kukonza thanzi pamtunda wapadziko lonse lapansi. Koma, pokhala kunyumba kwake, adamva kuthira kanthu ndikusiya ndakatulo, masewera ndi nkhani za filosofi.

Pofika kumapeto kwa 1949, wolemba ntchitoyo pamapeto pake adawonongeka, ndipo sakanathanso popanda thandizo la mkazi wake komanso madotolo aluso. Imfa Chifukwa cha Mtima Kumayambiriro kwa m'mawa wa Meyi 6 Wodabwitsa, abale ndi mazana a anthu omvera.

M'bali

• 1889 - "malalanje"
• 1896 - "Nyimbo 12"
• 1890 - "Wakhungu"
• 1894 - "Ku Mkati"
• 1901 - "Moyo Wa Bees"
• 1903 - "Chozizwitsa cha St. Anthony"
• 1907 - "Maganizo a maluwa"
• 1908 - "mbalame yabuluu"
• 1913 - "Imfa"
• 1916 - "Nkhondo Yaing'ono"
• 1919 - Scupomaster Stalmond
• 1926 - "Moyo wa Chiswe"
• 1929 - "Yuda Iscariot"
• 1936 - "Mthunzi wa Mapiko"
• 1942 - "Dziko Latsopano, kapena Suyaal"
• 1948 - "Bulululululu wabuluu" ("kukumbukira zokumbukira")