Chiphunzitso
Aluso a anthu aku Russia, wotsogolera wotsogolera Leonid Schwalartzman mu 2020 adakondwerera chikondwerero cha 100. Ndi amene adapanga momwe ma chebushka ndi otchulidwa ena amawonekera. Munthu yemweyo adayankhulidwa ndi nkhaniyi yobisika pamalo odalirika, "m'mphaka wotchedwa Gav" ndi wopangidwa, kuposa kulandira ma boa - "38 mitrots". Mwanjira ina, Leonid arnovich ndi amodzi mwa olemba nthano a Soyuzmilm ndi mafano a ana masauzande ambiri a USSR ndi Russia.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ochulukitsa anabadwa pa Ogasiti 30, 1920 ku minsk, mtima wa SSRR SSR, m'banja wa Arona Nakhomanich ndi Rakele Solomo. Lithuanian ndi minskanka, Ayudawo ndi dziko, analankhula laiddish. Wophunzitsidwanso ana awo - m'bale wake ndi mchimwene wake ndi mlongo wake, mwana wake mwana ndi Herrietta (kapena a Etio), omwe anali achikulire kwambiri. Pokambirana, Mlengi wa Cheburashka amakumbukira:
"Makolo anga ndi mchimwene wanga ndi mlongo ndi ochokera ku Xix zaka za XIX."Leonid ataphunziridwa mu kalasi yachiwiri, adayamba kupita kwa iye (mphunzitsi ku Chiyuda) ndikuphunzitsa Chihebri. Mnyamatayo amatsutsa njira iliyonse. M'malo mwake, sanamvetsetse chipembedzo ndipo sanakonde sunagoge, monga ana onse a Usru, omwe adakonzekera kuti ayanjane nawo apainiyawo. Makalasi atatha patatha zaka ziwiri, mwana wa kugunda mwana ndi pemphero m'mutu mwake ndipo, ndikugwedeza chitseko, kumanzere.
Mutu wa banja la Arone Schwalarzman adamwalira pomwe Leanid anali ndi zaka 13: bambo adagogoda galimoto. Linali 1934, Adolf Hitler anali atatenga kale chiwongolero cha Germany, ndipo zinthu sizinasokonekere. Chifukwa chake, Mlengi wa Cheburashka anasamukira ku Lenaniradi kwa mlongoyo, yemwe adasinthanitsa amayi ake. Pambuyo pake anasamukira kwa iwo ndi Rakele Solomo.
"Ku minsk, iye [amayi] akadafa m'masiku oyamba. Ambiri mwa iwo omwe adachoka kapena kuchoka mumzinda, adapulumuka, omwe adaphedwa ku GHETTO, "amakumbukira zotsalazo ku GHETTO," akukumbukira zotsalazo.Akazi sanakhale mu 1942, sanathenso kupirira mawu a leingrad.
Leonid arnovich adayesedwa kuti alengizidwe arnovich kuyambira ali mwana. Anajambula zonse zomwe zidawona bwalo lake ndi malo ake, pomwe amacheza ndi abwenzi. Mu 1941, ochulukitsa adamaliza maphunzirowo kusukulu ku Sukulu ya penti, chosema ndi kapangidwe ka Leingrad.
Mu Meyi 1941, leonid anaitanitsa gulu lankhondo, ndipo posakhalitsa nkhondo yayikulu ya dziko lapansi idaphedwa. Ndikuyembekeza kulembetsa usilikali kulembetsa ndikulembetsa bizinesi yake idatayika, ndipo sikunali kofunikira kupita kutsogolo. Zotsatira zake, panthawi ya nkhondoyi, a Schwalarzman anagwira ntchito yomera ya Chelyabinsk, komwe amakonzera pakati pa ambiri.
Mu 1945, moyo ku Usrr unakhala mwamtendere. Kenako Leonid anasamukira ku Moscow ndipo analowa mu Inter-Russian State Institute of cinematography (VGIK). Pamaso pake panali chisankho - kukhala wojambula kunyumba kapena makanema ojambula.
"Ku Matritsic sinema, gwiritsani ntchito zokopa zosangalatsa, koma zopanga zokongola pafupi ndi ntchito ya prosa. Chabwino, ndinapita ku Katoni. Mmenemo, chilichonse chimakhazikika pa ndandanda yankhaniyi, ndipo ndidachikonda, ngati fanizo la Cheburashka pakuyankhulana.Mu 1948, clundulmilti nglique, idatengedwa kupita ku "A Soyuzmilfilm": Kuwongolera kwa kampaniyo kudakonda kwambiri ndi maphunziro ake omaliza "buratino". Kuchokera pamenepa ndikuyamba kutalika, kudzazidwa ndi malingaliro ndi odziwika bwino ndi ntchito ya ntchito ya Leonid Schwarzman.
Moyo Wanu
Pa Soyuzmilflm, Leonid arnovich sanapeze ntchito chabe komanso abwenzi okhulupirika, komanso mkazi wake yekhayo. Tatyana Domfrovskaya nawonso amagwiranso ntchito ndi wothandizira komanso wothandizira. Abambo ake ndi Vladirir Romanov - Russian, ndi mayi wa Yanina Frannivaval Dobrovskaya ku Poland.Mwa njira, ndi ochokera apongozi ake a katuni yojambula zamba za ng'ona "adabwereka" gulu la imvi kwa mayi wachikulire wa Shapoklyak. Koma mawonekedwewo anali osamveka ndi iye.
"Mkazi wachikulire Shapoklyak ndinti weniweni wa apongozi anga," Leonid Aronovich anagogomezera.Ukwati wa Schwalartzman ndi Dombovskaya adasewera mu 1951, kukhala wodziwa zaka ziwiri.
"Ndipo zokokera, popeza ndinazindikira kuti ndapeza munthu wanga?" - Chudukitsani kudabwitsanso.Ndi ubale, miyoyo yawo sidzatsutsana: Mu 2021, ochulukitsa amakondwerera zaka 70.
Leonid Schwarzman ndi mawonekedwe odekha, ndipo khalani osiyana, moyo wake ukadapanda kudziletsa komanso wodalirika. Zowonadi, ndili mwana, zokongola zake zinapachikidwa. Mwamwayi, wojambulayo mwachangu anamvetsetsa bwino: Ndi bwino kukhala mogwirizana ndi munthu m'modzi kuposa kugawa moyo wake pamiseche yambiri.
Ana Leonid arnovich ndi Tatiana Vladimirovna, Kalanga, sanapeze. Koma poyankhulana, cduna achulukitsa kuti omvera ake adazindikira kuti ndi ana akazi ndi ana, ndipo pambuyo pake - ngati zidzukulu. Kuyankhulana ndi m'badwo, kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri.
Makatoni
Kuchokera pansi pa nthenga Lenid Schwalarzmanna (pamenepo, kodi sanaganize za zithunzi zamakompyuta ndipo adapanga zojambulajambula za abwenzi: pulasitiki, pulasitiki, katoni) anali kuwonekera kwa masiku ano. Cholinga chake chidagunda - "duwa lofiirira" (1952) mu nthano ya dzina lomweli Sergey Akgey Akkkov. Kenako panali "antilopa" (1954), "mfumukazi ya chipale" (1957), "amalume" (1964) ndipo, mbiri ya abwenzi ake.
Chifanizo cha nyama yosamveka ya Cheburashka, yemwe amakonda malalanje, omwe amalongosola motero adapanga Edward Pelpensky, koma anali Leonid Schwalartzman yomwe idamukomera. Chifukwa cha izi, wolemba anali ndi nsanje moyenera: mpaka masiku otsiriza a moyo, adamenyera ufulu ku Cheburashka. Ngakhale tikuthokoza a Olimpiki 2006, dziko lonse lapansi limadziwa kuti chithunzicho chimapangidwa mwachindunji ndi ozizira.
"Ndinkadziwa kuti kugulitsa, kopanda nzeru ndi mwanzeru kuperewera kunasautsidwa ndi ambiri. Sindinathe kutsimikizira zolemba za cheburashi. Koma sindinachifunikire konse. Zoseketsa komanso zopusa kuti FUBARSHA Mwiniyo adawonekera. Kungopanda kwina! Ndi chiyani ponena kena kake ... Kodi tifunikira kulingalira ndalama pa kuunikako? Koma kukumbukira komwe kumatipitirirabe ife kuli kofunika, "Kamodzi mwanzeru ku Leonid Aronovich pokambirana.Pambuyo pa "ng'ona ya Genera" (1969), "Chebueshka Parrot ndi kuswa kuchokera ku "mitsinje 38", za nyani zopumira ndi amayi awo. Zotsatira zake, kwa theka la zaka zana, pafupifupi 60, katoni zazifupi komanso zazitali, mufilimu ya Schwalartzman. Iliyonse aiwo ndi ntchito yeniyeni ya zaluso, zomwe zimapangitsa mphuno.
Leonid Schwartzman tsopano
Mu Ogasiti 2020, ochulukitsa anali ndi zaka 100. Ndi zaka 100 zokumbukira, Purezidenti Vladimir Punin adammward. Anadzutsa Leonartzmanna "kholo la sukulu ya ku Russia", lomwe ntchito yake si mibadwo imodzi, ndipo inatipatsa thanzi labwino. Koma popanda zokhumba, wojambulayo akumva kuti ali mwana."Ndikudzuka, ndikukumbukira zonse, ndimapita," Leonid Schwarzman adadzitamandidwa m'gulu la nyuzipepala.Sungani kukhalapo kwa Mzimu kumathandizanso kukhala wokangalika, ngakhale pang'ono m'mawa. Ndipo zaka zingapo zapitazo, Leonid arnovich akanatha ndipo amantha amayendetsa makilomita ochepa ndikupita ku dziwe, ndipo paki yapafupi ndi kukwera njinga. Amadyanso masamba ambiri osaphika, samakonda kukoma. Ndipo, zachidziwikire, samamwa. Ngakhale ndi chizolowezi china chovulaza, kusuta, "womangidwa" posachedwa - pa zaka 75.
Pamodzi ndi mkazi wake Leonid Schwarzman tsopano amakhala m'nyumba yachiwiri ku izmailkovo kum'mawa kwa Moscow. Ogwira ntchito a waya amawathandiza. "Pazaka zathu tsiku ndi tsiku zimafunikira," ophatikizira. Kupatula apo, Tatyana Domfrovskaya ndi chiwindi cha nthawi yayitali: mu Seputembara 2020 nthawi zonse. Ndipo ndi zithunzi za mkazi wa Schwalarzman, amayang'anabe mwana ndi maso.
Kafukufuku
- 1952 - "duwa lofiirira"
- 1954 - "Anatero ngwazi"
- 1957 - "mfumukazi ya chipale"
- 1959 - "Anthu Okanga Kwa Utoto"
- 1964 - "Amalume A SART - Valatizer"
- 1969 - "Crocodile Gena"
- 1971 - "Chebueshka"
- 1976 - "38 NARROT"
- 1976-1982291919 - "Kitten dzina lake Gav"
- 1977-1991999
- 1981 - "hedgehog plus turtle"
- 1983-1997 - anyani "
- 1988 - "Chinjoka Chachikulu"
- 1993 - "Brixic Towerville"
- 2001 - "Dora-Dora Tomato"