Mbiri Yodziwika
Kuti athandizidwe ndi dokotala wa nyama Aizolit ndi chisangalalo - m'malo mwa jakisoni ndi mapiritsi, dokotala amafotokozera Gogol-Mogol ndi Chokol. Ndipo wodwalayo akuyembekezera gawo la kutentha ndi kukoma mtima. Khalidwe la Kornea Chukovsky likukhudzidwa ndi chisangalalo chosangalatsa chomwe pazifukwa zina chimapezeka kwambiri ku Africa, komwe ana ndi owopsa kwa ana.Mbiri ya Chilengedwe
Mbali ina ya Cenea Chukovsky ndikuti ambiri mwa zilembo zambiri zomwe zidapangidwa - nkhope zowoneka bwino zopangidwa - nkhope zina, koma sizimayanjana, koma sizikhala m'malo osiyanasiyana ndi malo.
Ngwazi zoterezi zimaphatikizaponso ng'ona, Middodar, Hippo - imatha kupezeka mu nthano zosiyanasiyana. Aigolit amakongoletsa ndi zokambirana zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimapezeka m'magulu a "Barmalei" (1925), "a Aibolit" (1929) ndi "Tormaley!" (1942). Mchiritsi wachiritsa nyama amalamuliranso mpira mu nkhani ya Promaic "Dr. Aibolit" (1936).
Ndi zolembedwa za Aizolita, chisokonezo chinabuka. Amakhulupirira kuti wolemba English watsala ndi dotolo wabwino: Mu 1920, "mbiri ya" nthenga za Dr. Diliatla "nthenga zidatulukira kuchokera pansi pa Nkhondo Yapadziko Lonse Lapansi - Wolemba adaganizira zakuti nyama zimatenga nawo mbali muzovuta zomwe nawo, monga anthu, akufunika chithandizo chamankhwala. Nkhaniyi idakonda kwambiri cholakwa chakuti buku la mankhwalawa ndi ngwazi ya mabuku ambiri.
Zaka zinayi pambuyo pokonzanso, ntchito yokonza Chukovsky idapezeka ku Soviet Russia. Mizu ya Ivanovich imasankhidwa pang'ono, chifukwa nthano yake idalembedwa kwa owerenga ang'onoang'ono, ndipo mpaka adafa kuti atchulenso dzina la Avolit, Jab-Jab- KHERE. Komabe, mu 1936, nthano yomwe ikuchitika mu Chukovsky adapeza mawu ochititsa chidwi:
"Chodabwitsa kwambiri chidachitika zaka zingapo zapitazo: olemba awiri kumapeto kwa dziko adalemba zofanana ndi munthu yemweyo. Wolemba wina amakhala kumbuyo kwa nyanja, ku America, ndi ina ku USSR, ku Leingrad. Dzina lina linali Hugh Kufatira, ndipo enawo - mizu ya Chukovsky. Sanawonenepo ndipo sanamvenso. Mmodzi adalemba ku Russia, ndipo winayo ali mu Chingerezi, mavesi amodzi, ndi ena - ppo. Koma ali ndi nthano zofananira nawo, chifukwa mu nthano zonse ziwiri, ngwazi imodzi: Dokotala wotereyu amachitira nyama ... "Mizu ya Chukovsky imangotsutsa kuti Aiogolit idabwera nthawi yayitali isanatulutsidwe ntchito za Chingerezi. Akuti, kufotokozera kwa Khalid kudakhazikika m'makanema oyamba a "ng'ona", yomwe idapangidwira mwana wamwamuna wosasangalatsa. Mwaiwo m'matawo amatchedwa Oubolit, ndi adokotala amofano (CELY) Sabad adachitidwa ndi prototype yomwe wolemba wa wolemba adabweretsa mu 1912. Dokotala wachiyuda anali ndi anthu osauka kwaulere, nthawi zina samatha kuthandizidwa ndi nyama.
Biography ndi Chithunzi cha Dr. Aiolit
Msonkhano woyamba wa owerenga achichepere omwe owerenga achichepere adachitika ku Africa (chifukwa chake mawuwo adachokera "osapita, ku Africa ndi Vanya ndi Vanya adapita kudziko lino. Barmaley woipa ndi wopanda chisoni adaponya dokotala wachinyama kumoto, koma adapulumutsidwa ndi nyama zoyamikira. Barmaley kumapeto anameza ng'ona, koma kumapeto kumapititsa zofuna. Ana adapita kunyumba yopita ku Leningrad, komwe adakumana ndi zowona ndipo ngakhale adaphunzira chitofu cha gingerbrow.Bioglaogy yonse ya adokotala idawonekera mu nthano "a Aibolit" magawo anayi, komwe iye ali munthu wamkulu. Bukulo likutsegulira mutu wotchedwa "ulendo wopita ku Monkey dziko". Mu nyumbayo, pamodzi ndi veterinarian, nyama zake zimakhala, komanso mlongo woyipa wa Varvara, yemwe sakonda nyama ndipo amakwiya ndi m'bale wake chifukwa cha m'bale wake chifukwa cha m'bale wake wazolowera mnyumbamo.
Aiogolit pa kukoma mtima kwa uzimu kumathandiza anthu omwe amabwera chifukwa chothandiza, nthawi zambiri - mfulu. Kamodzi munthu wotereyu adasiya munthu wopanda chidutswa cha mkate. Koma adotolo ndi abwenzi okhulupirika ndi omvera: Okhawo omwe amapita kudera linaphwanya dimba pabwalo, nkhuku zimadyetsa mazira, ndi ng'ombe - mkaka.
Kamodzi m'nyumba ya Lekar, kumeza kunathandizira kuti anyani akuyembekezera thandizo ku Africa. Aiogolit sakanakhoza kukana kuthandiza ndalama potenga sitima yakale yakale ya comrade. Chombocho chinagwera, koma oyendayenda adathawa.
Mumishoni yoopsa iyi ya ku African, Aibolit anamanganso zoipa ndi wachifwamba wa Barmaley ndipo anapeza abwenzi atsopano. Nyama zokomera zokoma zidawonetsa chinyama chachikulu champhamvu kwa adotolo --Kata. Pobwerera, Aibolit anagwira sitimayo Barmaleya ndipo anabwerera kwawo.
Advals a Apolita, agalu a avvi ndi malo onse a nyamazo anapitiliza kufunafuna asodzi, bambo a Fra. Mu chaputala chachitatu, adotolo amatsutsanso magulu am'nyanja, imagwera m'chitsime, pomwe achifwamba adaponyedwa, amasunga nyama ku nyumba yoyaka. Hero ngwazi wobiriwira, nkhata, achule. M'malo mwa nyumba zopsereza, bobra adamanga nyumba yatsopano, pomwe aibolit aja adakondwerera.
Bukulo limatha ndi gawo lotchedwa "Woweta Mzere", komwe kuli ubweya wa chipale chofewa, dzina lake Belyanka limayamba kuchitika panyumba; Mtola wosasangalatsa atakhala ku Dr. Aiobolit, ndipo anateteza nyamayo mnyumba mwake, ndikupatsa dzina latsopano - fijea (Golda (Golide (Moja (Golda (Golda (agonje).
Mwa nthano, "wopitilira Barmaley!" Ngwazi yomwe imalamulira dziko la Aibolyte, komwe amakhalako nkhwangwa, ziwombankhanga, mahala, ngamila ndi agwape. Pano mizu ya Chukovsky imakhala wankhanza kwambiri, "kupha" zilembo zoipa. Chifukwa chake, shaki Karakula wamwalira m'manja mwa mnyamatayo Vasilchikov, ndipo Barmalei omwe akukonzekera adamwalira kuchokera ku bayonet. Komabe, wolembayo sanapulumutse wolemba pambuyo pake, kulola otchulidwa kuti amutenge. Ndipo Barmaley zonse zomwezo zidawonongeka - adaweruzidwa kuti awombera kuchokera pamakina.
Mabuku okhala ndi zithunzi zabwino adayamba kukhala apamwamba omwe ali m'badwo wasukulu. Mitundu ya ntchito za dokotala wa nyama ndi nthano chabe. Ndipo lingaliro lalikulu ndikuti kukoma mtima ndi chifundo si mawu chabe, koma chofunikira chomwe chiyenera kupezeka mwa anthu.
Dr. Aibolit m'mafilimu
Mu 1938, filimu yakuda ndi yoyera "Dr. Aibolit" idatuluka pa soviet. Udindo wapamwamba wa wotsogolera Vladimir Neoloev anaitanitsa Maxim Stratha. Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti, chithunzi ichi m'ma 80s cha zaka zana zapitazi chikuwonetsa posamutsa "Usiku wabwino, ana!".
Chaka chotsatira, Soviet tenitoon "impopo" idabwera kwa zowunikira, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu maziko a Vinean sinema ya Russia, pamodzi ndi Barmalem 1941.
Patatha zaka pafupifupi 30, nkhani ya ng'ombe yamphongo idatenga nkhani ya Chukovsky. Mu nthano ya ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso wotsogolera "Aiobitit-66" wokhala ndi Barmalem, Oleg Efremov akulimbana ndi fanizo la dokotala wosatsutsika. Kanema wokhudza dokotala wa nyama, kuti aike iwo modekha, ndine ndekha. Kwa ana, chithunzicho chimakhala chovuta pakuzindikira, ndipo akuluakulu ndi okonda kwambiri. "Aiolit-66" adatchulidwa m'gulu la zojambula za Soviet.
Kanema wachitatu, komwe kunali malo a Aibolita, adagwa 1970 - wotsogolera Vitiyay Ivay Ivanov adakondwera ndi filimuyo "momwe timafunira agogo ake, akuyembekezera chimbalangondo. Kusinthidwa kukhala Lekary Mikhal yarshin.
Kutengera ndi nthano za nthano zabwino za zovala zabwino, zojambula zisanu ndi ziwiri zinalengedwa. Chithunzi chojambulachi chikuwoneka ngati chojambula chambiri "Dr. Aibolit", chomwe chinawonetsedwa ndi ana a Soviet mu 1984-1985.
Zosangalatsa
- "Nkhanza", zowonetsedwa ndi Cornered Ivanovich mu "obuzhu barmaley!", Ndizomveka - pomwe wolemba anali atachotsa tashkent, komwe amawoneka ndipo amadwala nthawi zambiri. Mwana wina wa wolemba anasowa, ndipo wachiwiri, akuvulazidwa, ali ndi njala mu likulu lakuthwa.
- Prototype wa Aibolita Cmemakhokhu Shabad mu 2007 idatsegulidwa ndi chipilala ku Vilnius. Chithunzi chokhudza mtima kwambiri - pafupi ndi munthu wachikulire mu chipewa chooneka ngati mtsikana wokhala ndimphakhu m'manja.
- Dzinalo Aibolit lakhala lopanda tanthauzo. Kuphatikiza apo, mzinda uliwonse padzakhala chipatala cha mankhwala kapena chipatala cha choweta, chotchedwa Kornea Chukovsky.
- Aabolite wamakono amatchedwa dokotala waku America waku America wa Derrik Campanana, yomwe idapanga kirimu yakutsogolo.
- Nyimbo za Alexandra Pakhmotov, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi a Felimetsman pakuphedwa kwa "lawi" litayamba, amadzipereka kwa dokotala wa nyama.
Mawu
Chabwino, chabwino, thanyani, ana anu angathandize. Limpopo, Limpopo, Limpopo! O, ngati ndipita pansi, ndikagwa nawo, ndi nkhalango yanga ya chilombo?M'bali
- 1925 - "Barmalei"
- 1929 - "Aibolit"
- 1935 - "Kuyenda kwa mbewa yoyera"
- 1936 - "Aibolit"
- 1942 - "Ower Barmale!"
Kafukufuku
- 1938 - "Dr. Aiolit"
- 1939 - Limpopo
- 1941 - "Barmalei"
- 1946 - "mchira wa Peocock"
- 1966 - "Aibolit-66"
- 1970 - "TIKUFUNA BWINO KWAMBIRI"
- 1973 - "Aibolit ndi Barmalei"
- 1984 - "Dr. Aiolit"