Chiphunzitso
Chimiz Aitmatov akadakhala buku lodziwika bwino la mabuku padzikoli. Analemba ku Russian ndi Kyrgyz, ntchito zake zidamasuliridwa kwambiri zilankhulo 150. Phula lodziwika bwino la wolemba limavomerezedwa ndi malingaliro a anthu komanso kukonda kwambiri zinthu zonse zamoyo: Kwa anthu, zakutchire ndi ziweto, mbewu zonse zadziko.
Wolemba anthu Kyrgyzstan ndi Kazakhstan. Laureateate wa mphotho ya Lenin ndi ndalama zonse za USSR ya USSR, Europeary ya European Europeon ndi Tsamba Ladziko Lonse Lapansi Lotchedwa Jahru. Mu 2007, adalandira mphotho yapamwamba kwambiri ya boma la Turkey kuti achotseko chitukuko cha mayiko olankhula Chitupiki. Chapakatikati pa 2008, Turkey adayamba kusanza wolemba ku mphotho ya Nobel, koma osakhala ndi nthawi.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Genghiz Cartwich Aittatov adabadwa pa Disembala 12 Atabadwa kwa Gengiz, banjali linasamukira ku mzindawo, monga bambowo adapita ku mzindawu: Kuyambira 1929, ntchito ya Torkela atmatov ikukwera mofulumira.
Mu 1933, ali kale mlembi wachiwiri wa Komiti Yachigawo ya Kyrgyz ya WCP (B). Mu 1935, mtsogoleri wachinyamata anakhala wophunzira wa pulofesa wofiira ku Moscow, banjali linasunthiranso likulu la ussr. Munthawi imeneyi, Nagima anabereka mwamuna wake wa mwana wa Ilgiz, amapasa amangobangula ndi Lucia (mnyamatayo wamwalira mu ubwana wake) ndi mwana wamkazi Rose. Mu 1937, pakukakamira amuna awo, Nagima Kuhamzievna adatumiza ana kwa abale ndi omasulira.
Bambo wa wolemba mtsogolo adamangidwa mu Seputembara 1937 pokayikira za anti-Soviet Arth Service ndikuyenda molumwitsa (likulu la Soviet KyrgnetKstan). Novembara 5, 1938 anawombera. Mkazi wa "mdani wa anthu" adadabwa ndi ufulu, koma ana onse a wogwira ntchito wandale adalandira maphunziro apamwamba ndikulowa tsamba lililonse m'mbiri.
Pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, amuna onse achikulire adalimbikitsana, ndipo Chindiz ndi cha zaka 14 chapezeka mwanzeru kwambiri ku Aule ndipo adatenga khothi la mlembi wa AOOV Council. Nkhondo itatha, mnyamatayo adatha kupitiliza maphunziro ake: Zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, adamaliza maphunziro azaka zisanu ndi zitatu, adamaliza maphunziro awo ku Dzamble Zootechnikitu ndipo mu 1948 adalowa ku Kyrgyz Wamphuma.
Malembo
Mbizinesi yolenga yomwe wolemba adayamba pa Epulo 6, 1952 Kyrgyz Kyrgyzstan "yofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala" Kyrgyzstani "Jüido nyuzipepala. Zolemba zoyambirira za Aitmatov adalemba ku Russia - m'modzi mwa abale awiriwo. Nditamaliza maphunzirowa ku Institute mu 1953, Genghiz Aitkito kafukufuku wa Kyrgyz, adapitiliza kulemba nkhani ku Russia ndi KyrGyz, kufalitsa malemba m'mabuku aku Russia.
Mu 1956, adaganiza zowongolera zoyenereradi wolemba ndikupita ku Moscow, komwe adalowa maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri. Zofanana ndi maphunziro adalemba zambiri. Kale mu June 1957, magazini ya Ala-ija idafalitsa nkhani yoyamba ya wolemba wachinyamata ". M'chaka chomwecho, "mikali" idasindikizidwa - ndizosangalatsa kuti nkhani yomwe idapangitsa wolemba kuti wotchuka adamasuliridwa koyamba ku French.
Wolemba maphunziro a Malemba adamaliza maphunziro awo mu 1958. Pofika nthawi ya diploma, nkhani ziwiri ndi nkhani zina zidafalitsidwa ku Russia. Iitmato yoyamba iitmatova imamasulidwa mu 1980 yokha. M'chidziwikireno "ndipo tsiku lalitali kwambiri limakhala tsiku loti" zochitika zenizeni za moyo wa munthu wina wokhala ndi mzere wokongola wokhudzana ndi umunthu wokhala ndi chitukuko cha alendo akudabwa. Zikuwoneka kuti kukwaniritsa kumvetsetsa ndi alendo ndiosavuta kuposa kuvomerezana pakati pawo.
Wolembayo anabwerera ku mtundu wa zopeka za sayansi pakati pa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, kulemba Tavro Kassandra - nkhani yokhudza kupanga anthu ochita kupanga. Ntchito zotsalazo zalembedwa mu mtundu wa zenizeni. Mu Soviet Union, zenizeni zinali zachikhalidwe zachikhalidwe, koma zachikhalidwe cha Aittatis ndiopanda chiyembekezo. Ngwazi zake zimakhala ndi zowawa, osati kutembenuka kukhala omanga mwankhanza a chikominisi.
Ngwazi yayikulu ya "Wofuula Yoyera" akufa - mwana amene amakhulupirira nthano zamphamvu akapha alulu ake. Mwambiri, nthano ndi nthano ndi nthano zazikulu ndi gawo lofunikira la ziwembu za Aitmatov. Zithunzi zopeka nthawi zina zimakhala zokutira kuti zikhale zowala. Kuchokera pa nthano yokhudza asitikali oopsa omwe adasandulika akapolo ku akapolo, omwe adalandidwa ufulu ndi kukumbukira, Mawu ndi lingaliro la "Manut" - bambo ake atayiwala mizu yake ku Russia.
Msuri wachiwiri wa Roma, "Bream", ukutuluka mu 1986. Munthawi imeneyi ku USSR, Mikhal gorebachex adayamba kuwumitsa, ndipo zidatheka kulemba za mavuto a dziko. Koma ngakhale motsutsana ndi kufalikira kwa kufalikira kwa chilengezo "kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zochititsa chidwi - nkhani zokhudzana ndi mafunso kamodzi, kukambirana za zosokoneza bongo ndi katangale, za chikhulupiriro ndi atumiki a mpingo.
Moyo Wanu
Wolembayo amasilira kukongola kwachikazi komanso chikhalidwe cha akazi. Umboni wa ntchitoyi komanso kufotokozera zithunzi za akazi m'mabuku a Chkuza Aitmatov: Humil Olimba Kwambiri kuchokera ku Nkhani Yofanana ("Polalak Wachinyamata"), Anzeru a Tosgnai, Ndani Ana ake aamuna ankhondo, koma kusunga kukongola kwamkati kwa mzimu ("mayi m'munda").
Pafupifupi ntchito iliyonse yomwe ilipo mkazi, kuchokera ku mawonekedwe omwe pamasamba a bukuli amakhala opepuka mu mzimu pamunthu kapena owerenga. Ndipo m'miyoyo ya wolemba, kukongola kwa akazi kunathandiza mbali yofunika. Ndili ndi mkazi woyamba, Kerez Shamshibayeva, Chimiziz adakumana pomwe akuphunzira muulimi. Mtsikanayo adaphunzira ku Medical Institute komanso chidwi ndi mabuku.
Ndikaweruka kusukulu, Keherez wabwino kwambiri adalandira malangizo ku Moscow Instute, koma mikhalidwe yazachuma sizinalole kuti tichoke. Kerez Shamshibaye anakhala dokotala wabwino komanso woyang'anira, anagwira ntchito muutumiki wa Thanzi la Kyrgyzstan. Anabereka ana awiri aamuna. Sanjar chathavich adabadwa mu 1954, iye ndi mtolankhani komanso wolemba, wamalonda. Kumatar changoavich kunabadwa mu 1959, kukhala wolemba mbiri wachikale, munthu.
Chakumapeto, Chimiz Aitmatov adakumana ndi chikondi chachikulu cha moyo wake - Ballerina Bybüchear Bayshenal. Roman adayamba ku Leingrad ndipo adatenga zaka khumi ndi zinayi. Okonda sakanakwatirana: malo apamwamba a onse amafunikira kutsatira kwa ukhondo. Mkonja Wachikominizo sakanangosudzulidwa ndi mkazi wake waukwati ndi zojambula za anthu ku Uscer, wotsatiridwa ndi anthu oyamba a Boma.
Zokumana nazo za wolemba zidapeza kutuluka mu ntchito zake. Imadwala chifukwa chofuna kusankha pakati pa mkazi ndi ambuye a Tanabe m'nkhaniyo "zabwino, gallye." Amayamba kukondana ndi mkazi wamasiye, chipinda chofiirira chatsopanocho "ndi tsiku lalitali kwambiri limatha tsiku." Mu ntchito zonse ziwiri, azimayi amakhala olimbikira kwambiri kuposa ngwazi yamiyala, okonzeka kuyendetsa mutu wa chikondi chatsopano.
Zaka khumi ndi zinayi zidawonjezera chinsinsi chachikulu, chomwe ambiri amapita ku Republic. Bundisi ya baysheliyavafefa idafa pa Meyi 10, 1973 patatha zaka ndi theka pomenya khansa ya chifuwa. Zaka makumi awiri pambuyo pake, mogwirizana ndi Mukhtar Shahanov, Aitmatov adalemba bukulo "kuvomereza kuti" (dzina lachiwiri la Hunter anena nkhani ya chikondi ichi.
Mkazi wachiwiri wa Chithiza Taekowich adakhala Maria Urmatotovna. Pofika nthawi yofufuza zodziwika bwino, Maria adakwanitsa kuthetsa mbiri ya Vgika, kukacheza ndi kubereka mwana wamkazi wa cholpon. Muukwati wachiwiri, mwana wa Elikari ndi mwana wamkazi wabadwa. Chistizovich Chithizovich anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Academy of Fines mu Belgium, anali wopanga komanso wojambula, akutsogolera Museum of Aittatov ku Bishkek.
Imfa
Chimiz Aitmatov M'zaka zomaliza za moyo unali matenda ashuga, omwe sanamuletse kuti asakhale ndi moyo wokangalika. Mu 2008, wolemba pazaka makumi asanu ndi atatu amoyo adapita ku Kazan powombera zolemba "ndipo tsiku lalitali kwambiri limakhala tsiku lokumbukira. Pa seti, wolemba wadwala, kuzizira kwadutsa chibayo chakuthwa, kuyamba kukana impso.
Pa Meyi 16, Aitmatova adatumizidwa ku Germany kupita ku Germany, koma madotolo sakanatha kupulumutsa wodwalayo. Pa Juni 10, ku chipatala cha Nuremberg, Genghiz Taskellich adamwalira, ndipo pa Juni 14, malo okhala komanso maliro apadera a mabuku padziko lonse lapansi adachitika. Chisoni chomwe chimasonkhana kwambiri kotero kuti anthu angapo adagwa kuchokera kumakwerero omwe amapita ku zisudzo, pomwe bokosi lidayimitsidwa ndi thupi. Zinamuthandiza apolisi ndi madokotala kuti apewe ozunzidwa.
Cengiza Aitmatov adaikidwa m'manda ku A OA Bait ("Anthu Ohloa") m'magawo a bishkek. Malowa anasankha wolemba m'makundiwo, atatha kufufuza kwakutali atapeza maliro a kuwombera ku Torekul Aittatov. M'dzenjemo, matupi 138 opezeka pa Chon Tasha, omwe mu 1991 ndi ulemu amakana kunda Baim. Atafika kumanda a Atate akafuna kupumula ndi Chimizi - munthu, yemwe anali ndi zambiri zomwe zimawonetsera zakale komanso zam'tsogolo.
M'bali
- 1952 - Judido nyuzipepala
- 1957 - "Maso Akoma"
- 1957 - "Ramil"
- 1961 - Todolak yanga ku Red Kosna "
- 1962 - "Mphunzitsi woyamba"
- 1963 - "bolodi '
- 1966 - "Borewell, Galsary!
- 1970 - "Wofutirira Woyera"
- 1977 - "Agalu a Pegii, Akuyendetsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja"
- 1980 - "" Wamphamvu-"(" ndi kupitirira zaka zana ")
- 1986 - "Flah"
- 1995 - "Kuyika mlenje pachiphuphu kapena kuulula pazaka za zana" mogwirizana ndi Mukhtar Shahanov
- 1996 - Tavro Kassandra
- 1998 - "Kukumana ndi Bahai imodzi"
- 2006 - "Mapiri atagwa (Mkwatibwi wamuyaya)"