Chiphunzitso
Igor Kurchatov ndiye wasayansi wapamwamba kwambiri wa Soviet ndi Woyambitsa, yemwe dzina lake zaka makumi awiri ndi 50s azaka makumi awiri, akuwopseza mbali zonse za nyanja, ndipo zomwe zidalipo zidapangitsa kuthekera kwa munthu. Zolinga, zabwinja ndi zopanda pake, adati:"Pangani ntchito, m'moyo chabe chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, yachiwiri, ngakhale ndi osafunikira kuti mudzaze moyo wanu, mudzatenga mphamvu zonse, ndipo simudzafika pachinthu chachikulu. Onani zomwe zidzakutsogoletsani. "Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Mlengi wamtsogolo wa bomba loyamba la Atomiki a Tovien atomiki adabadwa mu chomera cha Sisky mu 1903. Pambuyo pa 1928, malowo adasinthidwa sim. Lero ndi tawuni ku chigawo cha Assinsky cha The Chelyabinsk dera, komwe anthu 13,000 amakhala. Bambowo anali nzika yolemekezeka ya mzindawu, katswiri wofufuzayo amaphunzitsa ukwati kusukulu ya ku Zlatisti. Ana awiri anabadwa muukwati: Igar ndi Boris, amenenso adakhala wasayansi.
Mbiri ya zaka zoyambirira za moyo ndi unyamata yakale ya moyo komanso uprictional ndi magulu angapo a maphunziro omwe amasinthidwa mosasinthana. Poyamba, katatu ngwazi ya Sociast Jorcist idawonetsedwa ndi chidwi chachikulu cha sayansi ya anthu, koma atadziwana ndi bukulo "The Upplesause of the Newnolognolognolognolognolognoglognoloji yamakono" idadutsa ndi wokondedwa wina.
A Igor adamaliza maphunziro 8 m'makalasi 8 ku Creasure Tense Wosewera, komwe banja limasuntha mu 1912. Mofananamo, ndinaphunzira pa zojambulajambula kusukulu, amagwira ntchito pafakitale. Pophunzitsa, mnyamatayo anali wodalirika, wanzeru komanso wokhoza.
Maphunziro apamwamba adayamba kulandira mu 1920 ku yunivesite ya Tauride (tsopano ndi yunivesite yapadziko lonse yotchedwa V. I Vernadsky), yomwe idatseguka zaka ziwiri zapitazo. Anapitiliza ku Petortech Polytech (tsopano St. Petersburg Poltechch University of Peter the Great).
Nthawi ina yogwiritsidwa ntchito pomuthandizira dipatimenti ya Fibicment of thenabachin Polytech Institute ku Baku (masiku ano Azerbaijan State University ya mafuta ndi makampani). Mu 1925, katswiri wachichepere anabwerera ku Leningrad, kukhala mkulu wa sayansi wa phyodoki-tentuntunts Institute (tsopano waluso-testictiture wotchedwa A. F. IOFFF RAS).
Sayansi
Mu "Munda wa Ana Papa Iorofe" (motero anthu a nthawiyo anali a Jokingly otchedwa Lufti) ufulu wa ogwira ntchito sanali ochepa. Abulamu sofofufe anavomereza kuti chidwi ndi chofufuzira chofufuzira. Bambo wamtsogolo wa "Tsar-bomba la" Patatha zaka 5 atafika ku Sumalite adalandira malo a Zavedel. Poyamba, adaphunzira za USlectrics, kudzipatulira, ndipo pofika mu 1932 adayamba upainiya wina asayansi omwe amakhudzidwa ndi zovuta za atomiki.
Kuyambira pa nkhondoyi, Maphunziroyo anayamba kuwongolera, kukulitsa chidziwitsocho mpaka malo osadziwika.
Pazaka zankhondo, adatenga nawo mbali njira zomangirira sitima kuti zisinthe zombo za maginito aku Germany. Njirayi idapereka zotetezedwa 100% chitetezo, ndipo choteteza cha mayi pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse lapansi idayikidwa ku Mphotho ya Boma. Kuyambira 1942, wasayansi adatsogolera ntchito ya Atovizi ya Soviet.
Nditamaliza maphunziro achiwiri padziko lapansi lokhudza kuthekera kwa nyukiliya komanso modzoza kwa United States pa zida za atombi, iwo anayimirira. Pa Ogasiti 29, 1949, kuyesedwa kwa bomba loyamba la Soviet atomiki ku Polygon ku SEMIPATINK dera. Malinga ndi zikumbutso za mboni zowona, zomwe zinalipo ponena za Lamulo la Beria kupsompsona.
Posachedwa, ngati kuti pomuthandiza tanthauzo la zoperekazo ndi sayansi ya USSr, wofufuzayo adapereka mphotho, dzina lolemekezeka, galimoto ndi ndalama. Mu 1953, pansi pa utsogoleri wake, bomba la hydrogen yoyamba linayambitsidwa. Gulu la Alaliki adapanganso "Tsar-bomba lotchuka".
Kubangula ndi kulosera kumapita naye pa moyo wake wonse. Mwina, chifukwa chake, wankhondo yemwe sanadziyendele mobwerezabwereza wanena kuti atomu atha kukhala ndi mtendere. Mu 1958, adalankhula pamsonkhano wa Wesr Dzuwa:
"Asayansi amasangalala kwambiri chifukwa choti palibe pangano lapadziko lonse lapansi loletsa ma atomiki ndi zida za haidrogen. Timalimbikitsa asayansi padziko lonse lapansi ndi kuyitanidwa kuti tisinthe mphamvu ya nyukiliya ya zida za kuwonongeka kukhala gwero lamphamvu, losangalatsa komanso chisangalalo cha anthu onse padziko lapansi. "Kurchatov atayambitsa chomera choyamba cha nyukiliya - obninskaya.
Moyo Wanu
Maphunziro a sukulu anali ndi munthu wodalirika, woona mtima komanso wamakhalidwe abwino. Anachita zachifundo, amalumikizana mochezeka kwambiri, anathandiza anzawo, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ulamuliro wake komanso mphamvu zake.Pafupifupi zithunzi zonse, yagwidwa ndi ndevu, yomwe pamapeto pake idadzakhala chinthu chodziwika ". Malinga ndi iye, ma comrades amatha kuganiza za momwe asayansi amafunira. Ngati ndevu za ndevu - zonse zili mu dongosolo, ndipo ngati zikuyenda, pali mtundu wina wa snog.
Ali mwana, patatha zaka ziwiri atabwerera ku Leingrad, a Kurchatov adasewera ukwati. Mkazi wa Marina Snelnikova adalipanga kuti agwirizane ndi mnzake ku Kirill. Banjali lakhala limodzi ali ndi zaka 33 mpaka imfa ya mayiyo mu 1960. Iwo analibe ana.
Imfa
Nthawi yonse ya moyo, asayansi adapeza ndalama kwambiri, amayesa zoyeserera kwambiri, ntchito yomwe inatsagana ndi katundu wamkulu ndi zipsinjo. Mu 1956 anapulumuka sitiroko. Thanzi linabwezeretsedwa pang'onopang'ono, koma nthawi yopanda ntchito idapangidwa kwambiri pamkhalidwe ndi boma la Ecamimian. Mu 1960, anapita kukaona ombatizi, Yuritonueu, kupumula ku Barvikha.
Anzanu amayenda mozungulira paki yozizira, amalankhula, amakhala pansi kuti apumule pabenchi. Mwadzidzidzi, popuma kwakanthawi pang'ono. Ha Haristo anayang'ana wina ndi mnzake ndipo anawona kuti anamwalira. Choyambitsa imfa chinali thromboembolia. Thupi la maphunzirowa lidatenthedwa, ndipo fumbi lidayikidwa m'khola la Kremlin pa lalikulu lofiira la Moscow.
Kukumbuka
Mu 2020th, mndandanda wakuti "Bokosi" linatulutsidwa pa zotchinga, ndikunena za kulengedwa kwa zida za Soviet atomiki. Mu mawonekedwe a Igor Kurchatov, Apolisi a Africa HMurov adawonekera. Evgeny Tkachuk, Alexander lykov, Victor DobronRovov ndi akatswiri ena adafalikiranso pachithunzichi.Kanemayo akuwunikira nthawi yachiwiri ya chaka chachiwiri cha 1940s, kuyambira ndi zida za nyukiliya ndi Nagasaki ndi kutha ndi kuyesa koyamba kwa bomba la Soviet mu Ogasiti 1949.
Zopezeka
- 1937 - woyamba cyclotroni ku Europe
- 1946 - woyamba atomi wa atomiki ku Europe
- 1949 - bomba loyamba la atomiki
- 1953 - bomba loyamba la dziko lapansi
- 1954-1961 - Chipangizo Champhamvu Kwambiri Kwambiri "Tsar Bomb" (Kuyambitsa kunachitika pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Maphunziro)
- 1954 - Chomera Choyambirira Padziko Lonse Lapansi
- 1958 - woyamba atomu wa atomu wa atomu ndi oundana oundana