Mbiri Yodziwika
Khalidwe la LA John R.r. Tolkina "Hobbit, kapena kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo", komanso zikopa zingapo za nkhaniyi zomwe wotsogolera Peter Jackson adanyamuka. Chinjoka chagolide, mapiko ndi nkhuni. Mkulu wina villain - anapatsa chuma cha maginito omwe amakhala pansi paphiri lokhalo, kuwotcha ndi kuwononga mzinda wa Dale. Mukamafalikira pang'ono, adalunjika ndi Cunin Catchi, yomwe idapezeka m'zolowa za Scugug, chinjokacho chidakwiya ndikuyamba kuwononga mzinda wa anthu ESgaroti pa Udindo wa Nsale .Mbiri Yoyambira
Kuchita chithunzi cha chinjoka cha khungu, tolkien kudadalira zitsanzo zoyenera kuchokera ku mabuku a anglo-saxon ndi nthano chabe. Zotsatira zake, smubug ali ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimachitika ndi a Iceland "SUGAGE yokhudza völsunga" ndi chinjoka cha Chinjoka, komanso ndi chinjoka kuchokera ku Poglon Epic Phawolf.
Monga otchulidwa awiriwa, matenda olembalemba amafa, atayikidwa pachilondacho pansi pa thupi. Ku dialog ya Shalthan ndi Bilbo kumakhazikitsidwa ndi mfundo zomwezi kuti kukambirana za chinjoka cha fafnir ndi ngwazi ya A SIGARD. Ngakhale bilibo kapena Sagurd saitanidwa chinjoka cha dzina lake lenileni ndikudzinenera okha ndi miyala. Ndipo Fafenir, ndi Pogobi amayesa kukopa wina yemwe akuthandizira, zomwe zimayambitsa kusadalirana.
Kupereka Mafunso Omwe Awailesi, Tolkien ananena kuti wotsekerayo amakhala nawo ndi Fafnir, koma pali pakati pawo komanso kusiyana. Malinga ndi wolemba, Maig - "buluu chabe", pomwe Fafnir ndi ngwazi ya anthropomorphic, yomwe imangovomereza mawonekedwe a chinjoka.
Kufanana ndi beolilf, malinga ndi tolkien, kunali kopanda pake. Beolilf anali wa wolemba mphamvu wofunika kwambiri. Koma mwachindunji pamene gawo la Bilbo kuchokera ku Chuma la chinjoka limaba mbale, liziwalamulira pang'ono ndi lingaliro lofananirako kuchokera ku beolilf silingalitsidwe. Molingana ndi Tolien, malingaliro omwe ali ndi chiwembucho adangodziyesa yekha ndi wolemba wa beolilf mbali yomweyo.
Khalidwe, machitidwe a machitidwe ndi mawonekedwe a smuru monga munthu, komabe, amazikidwa mu ndakatulo ya Anglo-Saxon. Tolkien anali pulofesa wa chilankhulo cha Anglo-Saxon ndi katswiri pa Beolilf, werengani za nkhani iyi.
Mzere wa smube umamangidwa pamabwalo omwewo ngati mzere wa chinjoka ku Beolilf. Makhalidwe ali pa golide, iye ndi chiwerengero chodabwitsa cha zaka, wakubayo amagwa pansi mwa chinjokacho, ndipo chinjokacho chimayenera, kuwukira kuchokera kumwamba. Nthawi yomweyo, a tolkinovsky Schug ali ndi umunthu wotchulidwa, sikuti ndikungoyang'ana kophiphiritsa ndi ludzu lophiphiritsa.
Ku Beowulfa, mutha kupeza lingaliro la chuma cholungamitsidwa, kukhudza komwe matenda a chinjoka amayambitsa umbombo. Momwemonso ndi "Hobbibi" - chuma cha chinjoka sichinali choonekera bwino kwambiri m'makola.
Ofufuzawo a Tolien a Tolien adabweretsa mitundu yambiri ya eymology pambuyo "Moug". Faindo-ku Europe ya Mawu awa adapezeka, chingerezi chodziwika bwino cha "chingerezi champhamvu" - Wi-SMHégan Wurge, adamanga "- SMJúGA .
Tolien adalemba kuti bungwe lakale la Germany lakale limagwiritsa ntchito ngati dzina la chinjoka ngati chinjoka chapitacho - "chofinya mdzenje," ndipo adachitcha kuti "nthabwala zosokera."
Ndikugwira ntchito pamanja pa "Hobbit", Tolien adasintha dzina la chinjokacho. Kuyambira koyambirira, chinjokacho chimatchedwa Pritano, kuchokera ku Westshi "Ryryftan" - "njoka zamoto". Pambuyo pake, kubwerezanso nkhani za mutu woyamba, Tolien adasintha dzina la chinjokacho pa Smube.
Chikondwerero cha chinjoka chidasinthanso. Kulemba kwa Tolkien, kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kwa mzere wovuta. Malinga ndi fuko lina, masamba a bilbo amapha chinjoka pomwe amagona. Pomaliza, tolkien adayima pachiwonetsero chodziwika pomwe chinjoka chidafa panthawi yankhondo.
Pali zojambula zambiri za zolembera ndi zifanizo ziwiri za smube yopangidwa ndi tolkin. Mafanizo ake adagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pazokambirana za Hobbit. Makamaka mu njira yamadzi "zokambirana", pomwe chinjoka chidzakumana ndi mulu wagolide mndende ya Gnome Dy.
"Hobbit, kapena kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo"
Smug - chinjoka chagolide chofiira cha mapiko. Ocha dzina "Golide", "zoopsa", "kubweretsa ungwiro" kumawonjezeredwa ku dzina la ngwazi. Kufuna kuchotsa chinjoka (komanso motalika), bilbo nthawi yolankhula ndi mandala ndi dzina lina losatsimikizika.
Mu zolemba za Tolkinov, anzeru amafotokozedwa kuti ndi amphamvu, adyera komanso onyansa, kwakukulu kwambiri pakati pa kweng'ons. Mmbuyomo mzaka zazing'onozi, emulsion inali yapamwamba kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa mapazi asanu, ndipo mu Hei Heid adafika kumapazi 60 - ndiye kuti, 18 ndi mita yaying'ono. Zimangokhala zazing'ono pang'ono kuposa kuwunika kwa Jackson, koma zokwanira kuti zisangalatse woopsa.
Smig amadziwa kuwuluka ndikuphulika lawi, mchira wa ngwazi umayerekezedwa ndi kugwedezeka kwa Taran, komwe kumayang'aniridwa ndi zimphona. Mchi mchira wamphamvu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita nawo bobbit ndi mafayilo. Kuphatikiza pa mphamvu yodabwitsa, chinjoka chimakhala ndi zithumwa. Chifukwa cha mphete ya Alliance, Hobbit pakukambirana ndi chinjoka chidakhalapo. Koma maso a diso la Samani anagwera, Bilbo anawona chikhumbo champhamvu kwambiri chonena chinjoka chilichonse ndikudziyerekeza.
Kufooka kwa smash ndiko kukonda zinsinsi. Ngwazi sizinathe kukana ziyeso zawo kuti zithetse. Zimapangitsa izi kukhala moyenera, kuwonetsa kuti mwatsimikiza, osati zachilendo "zikondwerero za" zikondwerero ". Kubzala koopsa ndipo ali ndi nthabwala. Chinjoka moyenera komanso chimatsogolera kukambirana kalembedwe ka "Gulu Lokwera" - ndi ulemu wambiri. Kuti muchepetse chidaliro cha Bilbo kupita ku Satebola, chinjoka chimatsimikizira kuti hobbit yomwe ma aleme komanso adyera sadzalandira chilichonse pa ntchito za "hacker".
Mwa zolemba za "Hobbit", golide wagolide anawononga ufumu wa phirilo woyendayenda, womwe wafotokozedwa ndi Ufumuwu. Nthawi yomweyo, chinjokacho chinawononga mzinda wa munthu, ataimirira chapafupi. Panthawi ya kuukira kwa zigawengazo, pamodzi ndi Mfumu ndi zolowa zake zopulumutsidwa.
Pambuyo pake, mwana wa Sitima wa Gnome Longo adaganiza zoyambanso kukhalanso ndi makolo ake ndipo adapitanso panjira, koma mbuye wakuda wa Sauron adagwidwa ndi khosi. Pambuyo pake mu malo amkono uno anali mfiti ya Gandalf, yemwe adaphunzira kuchokera pa sitima yomwalira pobwerera ku Saulon mu Mediterranean. Izi zidadzetsa nkhawa zochokera kwa wizard yomwe Sauron angafune kubweza mphamvu kwa iye, ndipo ma Allies adzatenga chinjoka.
Pambuyo pake, Gandalf amakumana ndi tornin, mwana wa sitima, ndipo amakopa kuti azikonza ntchito yachinsinsi kuphiri loyera kuti akapatse chigunjo chotsegulira chinjoka. Gandalf nawonso akufuna kutenga gulu la bilbo, chifukwa chinjokacho sichinakumane ndi Hobbits kale ndipo samadziwa momwe amanunkhiza, ndipo amatha kuthandiza bizinesi.
Kufika m'malo mwake, ma gnomes amapeza kusunthira kwachinsinsi. Bilobo amapita kuzama kwa phirilo, pomwe amapeza ndalama zosungiramo ndalama, ndipo mmenemo - ubongogona. Kumeneko, hobbit imaba mbale yagolide ndikusankha kunja, kupita ku zowonda. Tanthauzo la maluwa akudzuka, limapeza kuti ku Phiri TCHIWERE, ndipo mudzakwiya. Chinjoka chimasankhidwa ku Chuma ndi kusaka kwa wakuba kusaka mapiri. Bilbo ndi magnomes akubisala panthawiyi, kotero ponyro yokha yokha imalandira stool.
Chinjokacho chimabwerera pansi pa phirilo, ndipo Bilobo amapitanso mosungiramo zipatso za ma a Gnomes, nthawi ino polemba mphete ya apo kuti zisaoneke. Misiri samawona bilbo, koma kukhalapo kwa Hobbit. Bilbo amatsogolera zokambirana ndi chinjoka, pomwe chinsalu chimayesa kudziwa zomwe izi zidagwera pamutu pake. Panthawi yokambirana iyi, bilbo adatha ku malasha mu chinjoka zida zowonongeka, zomwe zimauza a Gnomes atatha kuthawa.
Chinjoka, pakadali pano, chimasankhidwanso kuchokera ku mapanga am'mimba ndikuyesera kuthana ndi makhala otsetsereka m'phirimo, kenako ndikuwuluka mumzinda wa anthu ambiri. Bilbo Pazokambirana athe 'kuphatikiza "Chipangano Chachidziwikire kuti anthu Anzake anali ndi thandizo la Gonamom panthawi yomwe kampeni, ndipo womukwawa amalakalaka kubwezera anthu awa.
Kuderali, chinjoka chidawononga kwambiri ndikukonza moto, koma osakhala ndi nthawi yowononga kwathunthu. Akapolo a Captain amabangula kuchokera kwa amuna a mbuye wa dale adagwedezeka pamalo otetezeka. Chinjoka chakufa chinagwera mumzinda ndipo pamapeto pake anawononga zomwe ziripulumuka.
Kutchinga
Mu trilogy "hobbit" yomwe wamkuluyo Peter Jackson adakhulupirira dzina lomweli tolkina, chithunzi cha chinjoka chinapanga ndikuvotera ochita ku Britain.
Wopangidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito makanema apakompyuta, chinjokacho "chimakhala ndi moyo" chifukwa chaukadaulo "mosunthika" - kugwidwa kwa nkhope ndi mayendedwe. Suti yapadera ndi masensa ndi chisoti ndi kamera yolumikizidwa ndi ochita masewerawa. Mu zida izi, wochita seweroli adachita mantha, ndipo kamera nthawi imeneyo adasandulika nkhopeyo, yomwe idaperekedwa pamwamba pa njiwa. Zotsatira zake, machitidwe ndi mawonekedwe a chinjokacho, omwe kumuonera pachiwonetsero, adapangidwa kudzera mu masewera omwewo ndi makanema ojambula pakompyuta. Smig imanena mawu a Cumbele, zomwe ndi zina "Odoradoni" ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Tolkinovsky SIYARY TIYAMBIRA PAKATI PAKUTI CHITSANZO CHA CHIVUTSO CHA DZIKO LAPANSI: ndipo koposa onse. Pakukula, malingaliro ambiri oyipa adafunsidwa, osiyanasiyana. Pakati pawo panali oonekera kwambiri kuchokera kuzinthu zachilendo, mwachitsanzo, kutengera chithunzi cha shaki yokhala ndi mutu wa nyundo.
Njira yosankhidwa kuti munso kukonzanso inali "osakaniza a ng'ona ndi njoka." Pamwambapa, opangawo anapitiliza kugwira ntchito, monga chotsatira, sanachite kanthu, sanachite kanthu, omwe omvera awo akuwona m'mafilimu. Chinjokacho chinali chochuluka, chimodzi ndi theka zana, ndipo awa ndi ndege ziwiri za bolo. Zoposa zanzeru mu nkhani ya tolkien.
Mafilimu atatu a mndandanda wa Hobbit adatuluka mu 2012 mpaka 2014. Uwu ndi "Hobbit: Ulendo wosayembekezeka", "Hobbit: zinyalala zazing'ono" ndi "Hobbit: Nkhondo ya asitikali asanu."