Chiphunzitso
Mfumu ya France Heinrich IV pa Nickrich Bourbon ndi Heinrich Navarky, ndipo kenako adalandira mpando wachifumu kukhala cholowa kuchokera ku Heinrich III Vusta. Kukhala woyang'anira mzera watsopano wolamulira, woyamba wa Bourbon analetsa nkhondo pakati pa Akatolika ndi huguenates ndikukhazikika kwachuma komanso chikhalidwe cha dziko.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Heinrich IV adabadwa pa Disembala 13, 1553 mumzinda wa PU, komwe kuli kumwera chakumadzulo kwa France. Makolo ake, Mfumu ndi Mfumukazi ya ku Navarre, omwe amakhala m'banja la banja la Heinrich D ', linali la miyambo yosiyanasiyana yachipembedzo. Ngakhale kuti mwanayo anabatizidwira kudzera mu miyambo ya Katolika, amayi ake a Calvinist adabwera naye motsatira miyambo ya Chipulotesitanti, yemwe adazindikira kuti ndi ulamuliro wokhawo wa Mulungu wokhululuka ndi chiwombolo.
Mu 1561, bambo wa Antoine de Bourbor adatenga Henrich Lalich kuchokera pansi pa pansi pa a Alba D'bba ndikupita naye kukhothi la Charles Ix. Wachinyamatayo adayandikira anzawo ndikukhala pansi kwakanthawi kochepa kwa mwana wamkazi wa Louis XII, Duchess wa Montargis, Aprotestanti, omwe sanavomereze nkhope zachipembedzo, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi nkhondo za Huogeenot.
Atamwalira bamboyo, mnyamatayo adakhala ndi mfumurkor ndi zoyesayesa za kholo, adalandira chithandizo cha Catherine Medica, yemwe amayi ndi regent ya karl wachichepere. Donayo, yemwe adapereka chidwi chachikulu pamtundu wandale komanso lotsimikizira kuti ndi maphunziro abwino komanso potumiza kazembe wa Horien.
Ntchito zatsopano zokakamiza Heinrich kuti aperekeze mfumuyo paulendo kudzera m'maiko aku France, adawononga nkhondo yoyamba ya chipembedzo, 152-1563. Popeza anali pafupi ndi kunyumba, kazembe wachinyamatayo anakantha Zhana D'ba, ndipo, kugonjera amayiwo, mu 1567 anabwerera ku urwer.
Pakadali pano, kusamvana kwatsopano pakati pa Akatolika ndi Apulotesitanti kudabuka ku France, ndipo poizoniyu anafalikira poizoni kumbali ya Guenotoov pansi pa utsogoleri wa Mispara de Quni.
Gulu lankhondo ndi gulu lankhondo
Mu 1572, Heinrich adatengera kuchokera ku mutu wa mfumu ya mfumu ya Navarre ndipo adatchulidwa kuti Herrich III. Mwayi, adamaliza ukwati wandale ndipo anali pakati paphedwa yamagazi omwe adakonzedwa ndi omwe atenga nawo mbali zakale zachipembedzo ndikuchirikiza mankhwala obisika a Catherine.
Ndikupewa kufa mozizwitsa, mfumuyo idakhala kukhothi la ku France, lolumikizidwa ndi mdani wa Apulotesitanti. Komabe, atachita nawo gawo la linga la La Rochelle ndi "chizolowezi cholamulira" pa Navamre, adalowa m'ndende nyumba yachifumu ya unyinji.
Chikhululukiro cha Mfumu Karl Ix, chotsimikizika ndi wolowa m'malo mwake kwa Henry Iii Vundi, yemwe kale anali atakhala wozunguliridwa ndi mfumu, kenako adathawa ku Apulotesitanti pa June 13, 1576. Ngakhale izi, mfumu ya Navarre sanafulumire kuti athe kumanga bwalo la ku France ndikupitiliza kukwaniritsa maudindo a kazembe wa anyamata.
Mu 1577, Heinrich adatenga nawo gawo munkhondo yachisanu ndi chimodzi ya Guenota, pomwe adaimbidwa mlandu ndi magulu omenyanirana achinyengo. Zotsatira zake, wolamulirayo adapuma ku nyumba yachifumu ndipo adawazungulira mothandizidwa ndi zipembedzo zonse zomwe zidasiyanitsa nawo.
Inatembenuza malingaliro a anthu ndi kugwada pansi oyambira ku Navarre King, ndipo zochitika za nkhondo yachipembedzo chachisanu ndi chiwiri, pomwe henry adatha kupha anthu ndi kutchuka kwawo komanso ndale.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwoneka bwino kwa dzina la Louis IX, kunakopa chidwi cha vinyo, atakhala woyamba ku Mpando wachifumu wa France atamwalira. Pankhaniyi, mfumu yogwira ntchito inayesa kutsimikizira ku Apulotesitanti ndi Chipulotesitanti kuti abwerere ku Chikatolika ndi Katolika ndipo sanatenge nthawi yam'mubwalo, koma analibe nthawi yocheza. Mu 1585, mutasayina pangano la Nemuririan, mfumu naliatali, pamodzi ndi a Calvinists ena, adakhala mdani wa chilamulo ndipo adachita nawo gulu la mzera wa Giza.
Ataonera kupambana kwa asitikali aku France, ku Heinrich Nabrary kuyanjanitsa ndi mwana wa Ekaterina Media ndi gulu lake lankhondo kuti akamenyane ndi Katolika, omwe adaletsa mphamvu yachifumu yapamwamba. Mu mphaka imodzi ya Heinrich III, adavulala kwambiri ndipo, akumva kuti akufa, pa Ogasiti 1, 1589 adalengeza movomerezeka mtsogoleri wa ogwirizana ndi mfumu yatsopano ya France Hein.
Izi zidachitika pakati pa kusamvana kwachipembedzo kotsatira ndikukakamiza mfumu yatsopano kuti apitirize kumenya nkhondo yolimbana ndi chipani cha kugwirira ntchito, cholinga chachikulu cha kugwidwa kwa Paris. Kuganizira kwambiri zandale pankhani zachipembedzo, Heinrich IV adataya gawo lalikulu la asirikali ndi othandizira. Anakankhira kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa dzikolo, adapeza njira yolimbikitsira gulu lankhondo ndikutsimikizira okhala ku likulu kusamukira kumbali ya Apulotesitanti ndi ufulu wachipembedzo.
M'chilimwe cha 1591, wolandira Henry III adalowa m'Chipulote, omwe samachepetsa chipulopulotesitanti komanso kuyankhaponso mwachangu ndi otsatira a Chikatolika, koma sanazisainire. Mu 1593, pambuyo pofalitsa General States, atapangidwa kuti asankhe mfumu ya France, Heinrich IV ya ku Francedy mwalamulo komanso dalitso la Papa Roma adabwerako ku Lono wa otsatira ake.
Mfumu yatsopanoyo idavekedwa korona pa Julayi 25, 1593 mu tchalitchi cha Katolika cha mzinda wa chartres, kenako vidiyo Vii adalola kuti atulutse machimo ake.
Zaka zoyambirira za Board of Heinrich IV adalumikizidwa ndi gulu lankhondo motsutsana ndi Spain yoyandikana nayo, pomwe Mfumu idataya thandizo kwa Apulotesitanti ambiri ndi ma huguansots. Kamodzi pamalo owopsa, mu 1598 mtsogoleri wa France adasaina kale la lamulolo ndikuthamangira kowongola chipembedzo, kwa zaka makumi angapo, napondereza dzikolo, nalinso kudandaula ndi dziko lakunja.
Mu zaka zotsatira, a Henry IV, atsogoleri a boma la Duo Slurly ndi andale ena anzeru, atakwanitsa kukhala ndi ndalama zaku France. Wotsutsa magazi kangapo adakakamizidwa kuti athandize gulu la asirikali, kupondereza zipolowe za akazi ndikulanga alendo.
Kukhala wolamulira wa ku China, mfumuyauni anakulitsa gawo la dzikolo, naphatikiza dzikolo kwa iye pagombe la Atlantic ndikuyambitsa chitukuko cha ulimi, woyenera kukondwerera chikondi ndi ulemu wotchuka.
Izi zinali zofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya ku France ndipo idafotokozedwa mobwerezabwereza mabuku ndi luso la luso. Heinrich IV idakhala imodzi mwazomwe zinali zodziwika bwino za mabuku osangalatsa a Duma bambo. Kuphatikiza apo, zojambula zake zimapangidwa pang'ono m'mabuku a Henry Mann "zaka zocheperako za Mfumu Henry IV" ndi "zaka zokwana za mfumu Henry IV", komanso French-Germany Failre ".
Moyo Wanu
A Henry IV anali wolumikizidwa bwino ndale. Ukwati woyamba Mmodzi wa Mfumu ya ku France yomwe idatsitsidwa pamalamulo a Katherine Medici mu 1572. Mkazi wake anakhala princess Margarita Vuva, pamapeto pake anayamba kutcha mfumukazi Margo.
Amayi a Henry adatsutsa Union yemwe adapangidwa kuti azipereka dziko lapansi pakati pa chipembedzo chogonjera, koma ngakhale kuti sakudalitsa makolo, achichepere amayang'anira tchalitchi cha Paris. Komabe, mosiyana ndi ziyembekezo, ukwati uwu wokhala ndi mphamvu yatsopano pakati pa Akatolika ndi huguenates, adakakamiza okwatirana kuti nawonso akhale nawo kwa zaka ziwiri.
Heinrich ndi Margarita adalumikizananso mu 1578 ndikukhazikika mu nyumba yachifumu ya neraak, komwe gulu lidakhazikitsidwa, mlendo ku Chipembedzo. Komabe, chisangalalo cha banja lachifumu sichinakhalitse. Heinrich, yemwe anali ndi maudindo ambiri, anasiya kulabadira mnzanuyo. Pachifukwa ichi, mu 1585, a Margo adapita ku Paris ndipo pamapeto pake adathetsa chibwenzicho ndi mwamuna wake, kusiya kujambula.
Kwa zaka 10 zobwerazi, kununkhira kwa chiwanda sikunaganize za chisangalalo cha pabanja, zomwe zimayambitsa nkhondo ya korona waku France. Anazunguliridwa ndi mavuto, omwe ambiri sanakumane ndi mkwatibwi wa mfumu ya mfumu. Komabe, dziko limafunikira lolowa m'malo, ndipo atakwaniritsa mkazi wakale, dzina lake Heinrich IV linamaliza mgwirizano wa ukwati ndi mwana wamkazi wa duke wamkulu Tuscany Medical.
Kusangalala kwa mfumu, patangokwatirana, atachitika pa Disembala 1600, Mnyamatayo adabereka Dopina, pambuyo pake ku France dzina lake Louis XIII. Mfumu idakumbukira unyamatayo ndikubwerera ku moyo wakale wakale, kudzipeputsa mogwirizana kwambiri ndi ana apathengo. Wotchuka kwambiri kuchokera ku Henrietta D'Arrieline de Bay, Charlotte Margarita de Monmordrans ndi Charlotte Desiruntar.
Imfa
M'zaka zomaliza za moyo wa Heinrich IV, moyo wa ku France wa ku France anali pachiwopsezo cha nkhondo yatsopano ya ku Europe. M'mibadwo ya Akatolika ndi Apulotesitanti adasandulika kusakhutitsidwa ndi mfumu, zomwe zidamutengera kutuluka kwa anthu kuzunza.
Mu 1610, pakati pa otsutsa, olamulira adapeza wotentheka yemwe adaganiza kupha mfumu. Mwamuna uyu anali mphunzitsi wa Francock Ravertuck, pa Meyi 14, adalumphira pamutu wa Crew Grew ndikugunda Henry IV katatu konse ndikuthwa.
Mwambowu womwe unachitika m'maso mwa DUKO D'Waurdon adadodoma. Zotsatira zake, sakanatha kuthandiza a Henry, omwe adamwalira ndi mabala adalandiridwa.