Obibi obibi
Matilda Kshesinskaya abụghị naanị nwa osisi na-ahụ maka ihe dị iche na nke usoro nke usoro nke ndị ha na ha dịkọrọ ndụ. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kachasị emetụta na mbubreyo XIX - mmalite XX. Ihe atụ nke mkpa dị mkpa bụ okwu onye isi ụlọ ọrụ kachasị elu-na Grand Druke Nikolai Nikololayvich. N'oge agha ụwa mbụ, mgbe ndị agha nke Alaeze Ukwu nke Russia merụrụ nke ukwuu n'ihi ngalaba a na-enweghị ike ime ihe na-eme ihe nkiri na-emetụta ihe ndị a na-eme n'etiti ọgbakọ dị iche iche.
Matilda Kshesesinskaya amụrụ n'August 31, 1872 na ezinaụlọ okike. Nna - Russian Polix Khesesinsky, nke sitere na Poland Nikoloy m dị ka onye na-eme kachasị mma nke Mazurka ọ hụrụ n'anya, mama m di ya nwụrụ, ọgaranya na nwanyị a na-egwu Balletter. Nwanna Nwanyị Matilda - ballerina Yulinskaya (a na - akpọ "Kshesesinskaya 1st, na alụm di na nwunye Zedaden), nwanne - ndị na - agba egwu na ndị isi Matisterh Joseph Kshesesinsky.
Nwatakịrị nwanyị ahụ batara n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ na 1890 na-akwụsị ya. NIILE, a na-aga na nkwa ahụ, a na-aga na ezinụlọ niile dị n'udo, na nri abalị Kshesesinskaya nọdụ ọdụ ka onye nketa n'ocheeze ahụ, Nikolai. Alexander III, na-atọ ụtọ, soro mmegharị nke Matilda, na-ekwu okwu ịmịghe:
"Madmoiselle! Bụrụ Ichọpụta ma na-enye ezigbo ballet anyị! ".A na-anabata Matiilda n'ụgbọ mmiri mariinsky, na ọkwa nke alaeze nke Kshesesinskaya 2nd (1 na-akpọ nwanne ya nwanyị Yulia) na-egwu ya kemgbe afọ 27.
Ọrụ na Mariinsky Ihe nkiri
Matilda Kshesenskaya na-egwu egwu na ballet Marius PetipA na ọdụm Evanova (onye bụ otu n'ime ndị nkuzi nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ). Ihe omume mbu nke KSESESinsky - Fair Tragee na "Ntụgharị", Odetta-Odule na "NIKI na" Bayadedka ".
Mgbe ọpụpụ Italytali, Karlotta nke Brianz gara ya ọrụ nke adaeze Aurora na ballet "Mma ihi ụra".
Mgbe afọ isii gachara, e nyere Kshesesinskaya ọnọdụ nke "Prima-balatinalọ ihe nkiri" balaterina ", n'agbanyeghị agbanyeghị ihe nke Petipe Petipa. Dabere na ụfọdụ akụkọ, ọ bụ njikọ ahụ na ogige ahụ nke nyeere aka dị elu nke ndị isi.
N'ihi ya, a na-anapụtala baller ole na ole, nke mechara tinye na ndepụta nke ihe nketa ballet. Iji maa atụ, na 1894, na iji alụm di na nwunye nke Ksenia, Alexandrovna Grand Duke Alexander Alexander Mikhailoch, a na-egosi ndị uwe ojii nke KSESININ.
N'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ ụlọ ihe na-adịgide adịgide na ụlọ ihe nkiri, ma Matida KShesiin na-adịkarị mma, ebe ọ bụ na 1898 na-eleta nkuzi Enyi ENICO CHICICETEY. Ọ ghọrọ Ballerina na mbụ Russian Russia mbụ rụrụ 32 na-agbaji n'usoro.
N'afọ 1904, Matilda Kshesesinskaya kwụsịrị na arịrịọ ya site na ihe nkiri Mariinsky na mgbe ọ baara uru nkwekọrịta. O nwetarala ụzọ rubles 500 maka ọpụpụ ọ bụla na ogbo ahụ, ma mesịa ụgwọ ịkwụ ụgwọ dịkwuo ụba ruo rubles 750.
Ballerina kwuru ugboro ugboro na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri nke agụmakwụkwọ nwere ike ịgba egwu nwere ike ịgbanye ihe ọ bụla, ọ bụ ohere na a kpọrọ ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ, "Eros", "Eros" (1912) .
Nkwado ozuzo
Matilda Kshesesinskaya n'ụzọ ọ bụla ọ ga - eme ka ọ kpọọ gị ọkpụkpọ òkù ballerinas. Ọ nwara iji ụzọ niile Russerinas ballerinas kwesịrị ọrụ siri ike, ebe a na-enye ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ndị mba ọzọ.
Ballerina Pin Lenyani na-abụkarị onye na-enweghị ntụgharị, nke, n'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ nke Kheshling, rụrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri Mariinsky ruo afọ asatọ. Ma mmetụta nke Matilda egbochighị onye isi ala nke Rome, bụ onye hapụrụ ihe nkiri mgbe ọ ga-eweghachi ụlọ ihe nkiri oge ochie "catarina, nwa nwanyị nke ohi". Bọọlụ onye mmetụta ahụ na-emetụta onwe ya kpọrọ ihe ngọngọ nke uwe maka ịgba egwu nke Russian ịgba egwu site na bọọlụ KAMARR.
N'afọ 1899, nrọ dịtere ya rụzuru - Marius PetipOv na-enye ya oriri nke Esmaleda, ebe ahụ, o nwere kemgbe ọrụ nwere ọrụ a, nke na-akpata ọrụ a na-ahụ enweghị ike. Tupu Matilda, a na-eme achịcha a naanị Italiantali.
Na mgbakwunye na ọwa mmiri, "onye iro ya kachasị njọ" Kshesenskaya lere ndị nhazi nke "ụkọchukwu Russia" Sergey Wayagilev. Ọ gwara ya ka ọ rụọ na London, onye na-adọta Matilder karịa Paris. Maka nke a, a ga-ejikọ Ballerina iji ohere ya na "Puch bụ" Petersburg kwuo okwu maka ọrụ agha Nizhinsky, ndị ghọrọ iwu-ibu ọrụ. N'ihi na okwu KShesesinsy, a họpụtara Swan Lake, ọ bụghịkwa site na oge - ya mere e nwetara wyagiluve nweta ihe ọ na-achọ ya.
Ekpughela ihe ịga nke ọma. Ọzọkwa, Dnagilev were iwe n'ihi ihe efu nke arịrịọ ahụ, na ohu ya rụpụtara kpọrọ ya nke kpọrọ ọwa ahụ.
Ndụ onwe
Ndụ nke Matilda KShesiin bụ ihe zuru oke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ ọkachamara nke Ballerina. Ebe ọ na-agagharị na ndị nnọchi anya nke ndị nnọchi anya Romev.
Ekwenyere na site na 1892 ruo 1894, ọ bụ nne nke Cesaaravich Nikolai Alexandrovich. Mgbe ọ mara, ọ na-eleta ihe ọ na-eme, ọ na-aga n'ihu mgbe niile, n'agbanyeghị na mmadụ niile maara na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ nwere njedebe obi ụtọ. Iji gbasoo na ịdị mma maka KSESESSnskaya, a zụtara ebe obibi ndị Bekee, ebe ha zutere na-enweghị ndabichi ọ bụla.
"Hụrụ onye nketa site na nzukọ nke mbụ. Mgbe oge ọkọchị na SOLO na-acha uhie uhie, mgbe m nwere ike izute ma gwa m mkpụrụ obi m, m ga-eche naanị banyere ya ... "," Matinsdaya Kshesesinskaya na akwụkwọ ya.Ihe kpatara esemokwu nke mmekọrịta na ọdịnihu Nikolai bụ itinye aka ya na nwa nwa ya nwoke na nwa nwanyị Victoria Alice Hesse Hesse-dasstadt n'Aprice 1894.
Na nke a, sonye na Ballerina na ndụ ezinụlọ eze abụghị - ma Matilda Kshesesinskaya gụnyere mmekọrịta chiri anya na nnukwu ndị isi Sergey na Andrei Vladimirovich. N'ỌB October 15, 1911, bụ "Sergevich" Sergevich "natara" Ọkpara ya Vladimir, amụrụ na June 18, 1902 na Strelna. N'ime ezinụlọ ya, a kpọrọ ya nanị "vova", ọ natara aha "Krasansky".
Jenụwarị 17, 1921 na Midin-Mikhailovsk Ma Makhaineska Kshesesinskaya banyere di na nwunye Grakey Vladimirovich, onye kuziri aha ya ma nye aha ya. N'afọ 1925, Matnda Filixesn si na Katọlik na Othodoxy na aha Maria.
Na Nọvemba 30, 1926, nwa nwanne Nikolai Ii Kikolai II Kirill Vladimirovich kenyere ya aha ya na aha ya na July 28, 1935 - ndị isi ndị isi Romanovsky-krasinsky-kranunsky.
Na Midsgains
Na February 1917, a manyere Kshesesinskaya, ya na nwa ya nwoke ka ọ ga-awagharị n'ụlọ onye ọzọ, ebe obibi nke gbanwere "isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Leninists", na ụlọ. Ọ kpebiri ịga Kuslivodk na Prince Andrei Vladimirovich na olile anya nke ịlaghachi n'ụlọ n'oge na-adịghị anya.
Nkpuru-obim nāhu ọ joyù ihu Andrei na inwe obi iru ala banyere akọ na uche, nke m na-ahapụ Sergey n'isi obodo, ebe ọ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ mgbe niile. Ọzọkwa, ihe ncheta na-ekwu, sị, "O siiri m ike bute agha ahụ pụọ, nke na-enweghị ihe ịma aka," ka KSESSIN kwuru.
Julaị 13, 1917 ọ na-ahapụ petrograd ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.
Ná mmalite afọ 1918, ebili mmiri bolvevism, "na Kshesesinskaya na Vova, dị ka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, na-aga Anapia gaa ná mkpebi nke nne Andres Mary Stlovna. Emere 1919 na Kislovodsk dịtụ nwayọ, ebe, na ụgbọ oloko site na ụgbọ oloko abụọ, ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ hapụrụ maka novorossiysk. Ọ dị mma ịmara na Maria Pavlovna gbara na klas nke mbụ, ebe e nyere Vovailda a họpụtara nke atọ.
Ọnọdụ obibi ndụ nọgidere na-emebi - izu isii ndị kasị elu ọha mmadụ bi na Wagons mgbe ọ bụ akara aha na-ewere ndị mmadụ. Ha wee si na Novorossishysk ma nata visas French. 12 (25) Machị 1920, ezinụlọ ahụ rutere COP D'AKAA, ebe Villa Ballerina dị.
N'afọ 1929, Matilda Kshesesinskaya mepere emepe backet ya na Paris. O jiri iwe were Khesesinsky ma - ọ na-eweli ya olu ya na ngalaba ọ bụla.
Fim na akwụkwọ
Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara Matilda Khesesinsky bụ ọgaranya na ihe ndị a ma ama na ndị a maara nke ọma - a na-enwekarị ìhè na nka. Yabụ, na "" coronition, ma ọ bụ nke ikpeazụ nke akwụkwọ ọgụgụ "site na usoro" mmemme nke Facrin "Boris Akunin na-akọwa nkwadebe maka mkpuchi nke Emperor Nobile II. Otu n'ime ndị odide - Isabella Feezhnna snezhnevskaya, usoro nke bụ Matilda Felixesna.N'ụbọchị ọzọ, Matilda Kshesesinskaya bụ akparamagwa agwa. Na Ọktọba 26, 2017, onye nkụzi ọhụụ nke onye nkụzi akụkọ Alexei Ma Matidai mere n'ihu ọha tupu oge ya. The ibé ihe nkiri dị na mmekọrịta nke KSESESSSKY na Cesaaraich Nikelaik Nikolai Alexandrovich, onye isi Emperor Nikolai II.
Nkwupụta ahụ bilitere mgbe mwepụta nke onye ọrụ ụgbọ ala mbụ, nwere ihe ngosi nke ọdịdị nke ndị na-eme mkpọtụ na ntinye nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke Mikhalin Helhansky na Lars indigerky na Lars.
Ọha na eze "Tsarsky obe" boro ndị mmepụta nke ihe osise na "ịgbagọ akụkọ ihe mere eme" na mkpasu iwe na ọdịbendị. " Nke a kpaliri Natalia Poklonskaya, nke a matara maka ofufe ya Nikolai nke II, kpọtụrụ onye ọka ikpe na-arịọ arịrịọ ka ị lelee ihe ahụ.
Nyochaa ekpugheghị mmebi, mana ewepụtara ọtụtụ ihe na-arịọ arịrịọ na ebubo ọnụ ọgụgụ ọha na eze, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri.
Onwu
Mgbe ọ dị afọ 86, afọ 13 ọnwụ, Matilda Filixesna Kshesesinskaya hụrụ nrọ nke Alexand III, kwuru nkebi ahịrịokwu banyere ịchọ mma na otuto nke Ballet Russia. Ndị nọ n'ụtụtụ, o kpebiri ide ncheta, kwadoro ákwà mgbochi nke ihe nzuzo nke akụkọ ọdịnala Kshesesinsky.
E bipụtara ihe ncheta nke Matilda Kshesesinskaya na 1960 na Paris na French. Na Russian, e bipụtara ọrụ ahụ naanị na 1992.
Onye na-ahụ maka ọnyá na-ebi ndụ ogologo ndụ - ọ nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 99 ọnwa ole na ole tupu narị afọ ya, Disemba 5, 1971.
A na-eli ozu ya na St. Geneva de coun cemetter na nso nso a na di ma ọ bụ nwunye ya na nwa ya nwoke. A na-etinye Epitof na Ncheta: "Princess na-agbachi nkịtị Maria Filixesna Romanovskaya-Kraserskaya, onye na-ese ihe nkiri na-eme ihe nkiri Kshesesinskaya."