Biography
Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, Martin WhideGger yuav los ua pawg ntseeg, tab sis nyiam rau kev xav. Nws tau nto moo los ua tus sau ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev tshwm sim thiab hermeneutics, uas tseem nyob hauv kev thov kom deb li deb.Thaum yau thiab cov hluas
Martin Whidegger tau yug los rau lub Cuaj Hlis 26, 1889 hauv lub nroog German ntawm Miskirch. Nws yog ib tug menyuam laus hauv tsev neeg cov qaib uas txom nyem, uas sim tsa cov menyuam nyob hauv tus plig ntawm Catholicism. Tus tub tau loj hlob ua ke nrog tus niam yau Maria thiab tij laug Friedrich.
Lwm Martin pib mus ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug lub tsev teev ntuj, qhov twg tus xibhwb, uas pab kom tau ib daim scholarship nyob rau hauv Constore, kos mloog mus rau lub feemxyuam me nyuam kawm ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, tus tub hluas nyob rau hauv lub Episcopian kawm vaj lug kub nyob rau hauv Freiburg, qhov chaw uas nws twb mus coj ib tug raug tsim txom thiab koom nrog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Jesuits, tab sis twb yuam kom khiav tawm lub monastery vim lub plawv muaj teeb meem.
Tom qab ntawd nws tau txiav txim siab los ua tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Fibiburg University, qhov uas kuv txawj hloov kho. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, tus yawg nyeem ib tug ntau, kawm philosophical treatises thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm ancient xav, vim hais tias ntawm yog dab tsi nws tau xav phem cais tsis hais txog lub correctness ntawm cov xaiv txoj kev.
Qhov no coj mus rau lub fact tias Martin tau tsiv tawm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thiab cov tswv yim ntawm Catholicism, tom qab ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm lub Philosophy. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los cuam tshuam rau lawv cov kev tshawb fawb vim tias muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis vim yog qhov ua tsis tau rau kev pabcuam rau ntawm kab hauv ntej thiab yog lub nra ntawm nraub qaum.
Tom qab rov qab los, tus tub hluas tiv thaiv tus kws qhia ntawv thib ob thiab tau txais ib txoj haujlwm nyob hauv tsev kawm qib siab, qhov chaw uas nws nyeem cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm kws qhia ntawv. Tab sis txij li hewidegger tau ntxiv cov kev sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem Catholicism, nws tau txiav txim siab txhais lus rau University of Marburg, uas nws tau qhia ob peb xyoos hauv qab no.
Tus Kheej Lub Neej
Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, cov txawj xav sib yuav nws tus menyuam kawm ntawv Elfried Petri, uas muab yug mus rau cov tub Jorga thiab German. Tom qab Martin txoj kev tuag, cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus kheej lub neej ntawm cov txij nkawm uas muab rau kom qhia tias lawv nyob hauv qhov thiaj li hu ua kev sib yuav.Hydegger paub tias cov menyuam tub ntawm nws tus tub yau tshaj plaws yog Elfried tus phooj ywg me nyuam me nyuam, tab sis coj lawv tus neeg ua haujlwm ib txwm ua. Nyob rau hauv lem, ib tug txiv neej yog nyob rau hauv ib tug romantic nrog nws tus phooj ywg tus poj niam Elizabeth Blokhmann, nrog rau nws tus tub ntxhais kawm Khannaya xauj.
Kev xav
Lub philosophical views ntawm tus paub txog tej tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm Edmund Gusserly, uas nws tau ntsib nyob rau hauv Freiburg University. Nyob rau hauv nws thawj phau ntawv, uas hu ua "Genesis thiab lub sij hawm", tus sau siv ib co ntsiab ntawm lub Gusserly phenomenology, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm poob lawm tawm nws tus kheej xav txog kev txawj ntse (gnoseology).
Qhov tseem ceeb tswvyim nyob rau hauv lub philosophy ntawm lub txawj xav yog dasein, uas yog tau piav raws li ib tug tib neeg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws yog muaj tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub nam ntawm qhov kev, tab sis tsis paub thiab yog tsis raug mus rau muaj kuab piav.
Txij li thaum, raws li ib tus paub txog, yog muab cia rau hauv cov lus, koj xav tau ib tug tshiab txoj kev to taub nws. Yog li, Hydegger tsim cov kev taw qhia ntawm ontological hermeneutics, uas yuav cia rau to taub ua intuitively, mus qhia nws mysterious cov ntsiab lus uas tsis siv rau txoj kev tsom xam thiab thiaj.
Cov ntawv ntawm "Genesis thiab lub sij hawm" yog kev vam meej, thiab twb nyob rau hauv 1928 tus sau twb tau mus hloov Gusserly nyob rau hauv lub rooj zaum ntawm lub Philosophy ntawm lub University of Freiburg University. Tus thawj kev qhuab qhia, ib tug txiv neej mob siab rau lub tswvyim ntawm metaphysics, nyob rau hauv lub qhia tawm ntawm cov uas tau lom zem ntau teem rau lub tswv yim ntawm Friedrich Nietzsche. Tom qab ntawd, nws txawm nplooj siab rau nws publishing hu ua Nietzsche thiab emptiness.
Cov khoom thiab cov phau ntawv ntawm cov neeg sau, luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, yog Attendance nrov, cov uas "extension", "Hegelev Phenomenology ntawm tus Ntsuj Plig" thiab "Lo lus nug ntawm Technology", qhov twg lub ntsiab tswv yim ntawm Martin lub philosophy yog ices.
Txawm li cas los, lawv cov readability ib nrab los ntawm cov dubious lub koob npe nrov ntawm tus paub txog, uas entrenched nws tom qab lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm cov Nazis taws los Adolf Hitler. Heidegger tau txais tus ncej rector ntawm lub University of Freiburg, tuaj koom lub NSDAP thiab hais tias ob peb lus, uas ua rau nws ua tau kom ib tug assumption ntawm nws them nyiaj yug rau Nazi hom phiaj.
Nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm no, cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub "dub phau ntawv sau", nyob rau hauv uas soj ntsuam ntawm cov txiv neej biography sab anti-Semitic cov nqe lus. Nyob rau hauv 1934, nws poob nthav resigned los ntawm lub rector tus ncej, thiab tom qab tsov rog nws yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov kev qhia vim lub sijhawm twg los ntawm kev ua raws li cov tswv yim ntawm Nazism.
Cov txiav npluav raug tshem tawm xwb nyob rau hauv 1951, tom qab uas tus txiv neej muaj kev tswj kom rov qab raws li ib tug xib fwb. Tsis ntev ua ntej ntawd, nws luam tawm ib tsab ntawv mus tib, uas yog piav los ntawm philosophical tswv yim rau Fabkis cov txawj nyeem ntawv.
Kev tuag
Lub philosopher tuag rau Tej zaum 26, 1976, qhov ua rau ntawm kev tuag twb tsis muaj zog txaus noj qab haus huv. Raws li Hydegger lub siab nyiam, lawv faus rau hauv lub tojntxas nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg placers. Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm nws, cov phau ntawv thiab cov duab yog fwm.Paj lus
- "Vigilance yog ib tug ominous qhua, uas yuav ua tau raws li qhov txhia chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, vim hais tias hnub no txoj kev paub txog txhua yam thiab txhua yam yog muaj li ntawd, ceev ceev thiab cheaply tias tom ntej no tseem muaj cov ua lub sij hawm no kuj yog hasty thiab tsis nco qab lawm."
- "Vim li cas peb lub ntsiab lus zoo? Vim hais tias peb yog me me thiab xav kov yeej peb tej littleness. "
- "Txhua lo lus nug yog kev kaj siab, txhua txhua lo lus teb yog tsis tau."
- "Nietzsche ib kev kawm" hnub no lub qhov teeb meem "thiab muaj peev xwm mus saib nws - vim hais tias nws tau zoo siab hlo ntsia mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi lwm tus."
- "Yog tsis tsis noj tam sim. Tsis ua hauj lwm muab tau. Muab ib tug inexhaustible quab yuam ntawm simplicity. "
Bibliography
- Xyoo 1921 - "Kev txhais ntawm Aristotle"
- Xyoo 1927 - "Chiv Keeb thiab sijhawm"
- Xyoo 1927 - "Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshwm sim"
- Xyoo 1929 - "KANT thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm metaphysics"
- Xyoo 1929 - "Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Metaphysics"
- Xyoo 1935 - "Lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim qauv"
- Xyoo 1935 - "Hegel"
- Xyoo 1936 - "Piav qhia rau Helderlin Paj Huam"
- Xyoo 1936 - Nietzsche thiab Emptiness
- 1952 - "Lub npe hu li cas?"