Biography
Aram Khirmaturian yog lub Soviet cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Armenian keeb kwm, "Gayane", suab paj nruas ".
Aram yug rau Lub Rau Hli 6, 1903 hauv lub zos ntawm Kodjori tsis deb ntawm lub peev ntawm Georgia. Tsis ntev tsev neeg tau tsiv los tiflis. Txiv Plig Yejia (ilya) Khuam, tus tswv tsev, tus tswv ntawm ib lub rhiav. Nws tau sib yuav ib pawg, uas nws tau koom ua ke txij li thaum menyuam yaus los ntawm nws haiv neeg mus rau saum Aza, uas yog nyob ntawm ciam teb nrog Iran, rau Central Georgia.
Kumash Sarkisovna niam muaj 10 xyoo nrog nws tus txiv thiab tau koom rau hauv tsev neeg. Tsib tus me nyuam yug hauv tsev neeg - tus ntxhais ntawm Asthchen thiab cov tub rog, yog suren, Lev, tus ntxhais tuag hauv kev txom nyem.
Leej niam nyiam hu cov nkauj Armenian, thiab tus tub yau ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd nws tau ua si rau nws txhua yam uas tau nqis los ntawm tes: Saucepis Pelvis. Qhov moboog siab rau cov nkauj tsis tos txais hauv tsev neeg, leej txiv tau txais kev kawm zoo rau txhua tus tub, yog li ntawd Arami sai sai no txiav txim siab tus ntxhais hluas sib cav sib ceg ArgutSinsky-Dolgorukova. Thaum menyuam yaus, tus tub hluas tau yoog tau yooj yim, ntxiv rau nws tus kheej, tseem yog georgian thiab lus Lavxias.
Cov cua ntawm cov kev thiab Alleys ntawm lub nroog multinational yog cov suab paj nruas, uas tau ya tawm ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Tsis tu ncua, kev sib cais ntawm Lavxias teb sab laj tau tau txais Fedor Shalyapin, Sergey Rakhanmaninova, Konstantin Iginnova. Hauv Tiffis, Italian Opera lub tsev ua. Tus tub tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau cov nkauj thiab cov lus sib dhos ntawm cov neeg sib txawv nyob hauv lub peev ntawm Georgia. Thaum leej txiv tau txais lub piano qub, Arab kawm khaws cov nkauj.
Xyoo 1921, tus tij laug Aram seleren tuaj txog rau lub caij ntuj sov hauv Tiflis, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau nyob hauv Moscow. Kuv tau kawm ntawm Nagcow University rau cov neeg keeb kwm, tus txiv neej hluas tswm mus ua haujlwm hauv MHT. Suren nruj nreem nrog cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Lavxias teb sab: Stanislavsky, NemiCovsk-danchhitsko, Solerzhitsko, Vakhtangov thiab Mikhtangov thiab Mikhail Chekhov. Poob los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim lub teb chaws Armenian ua yeeb yam, suren tuaj rau nws lub teb chaws mus nrhiav cov kws tshaj lij cov tswv yim kom kawm hauv Moscow. Ua ke nrog cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv lub peev ntawm Russia, cov tijlaug tau tu siab Levon thiab Aram mus.
Nyob rau hauv Moscow, cov tub ntxhais hluas poob rau hauv lub neej kab lis kev cai ntawm lub nroog nrog lub taub hau: Vivas, kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov nkauj symphony, yeeb yam txaus ntshai. Tus kws sau paj lug Vladimir Mayakovsky tau ua ib qho kev xav loj ntawm Aram. Tom qab ib xyoos, Khhackaturian tau nkag mus rau hauv kev paub txog kev sib sau ua ke hauv tsev kawm qib siab, tab sis tus txiv neej hluas tau pib kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Gnesins, uas muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov muaj kev sib xyaw. Mikhail Fabiansich Gnesin tau los ua thawj tus xibfwb Khachaturian, lub rooj sib tham nrog uas nws tau txheeb cov tswv yim muaj tswv yim ntawm ib tug tub hluas.
Zaj nkauj
Khaghaaturian, uas tau pib kawm txoj kev tshawb xav ntawm cov nkauj thiab cov duab sau nkauj dhau lawm, thaum xub thawj nws nyuaj heev. Hauv tsev kawm ntawv, Arab, ntxiv rau lub piano, mastered qhov kev ua si rau lub cello. Thawj cov piv txwv ntawm cov nkauj sau nkauj tau muab kom ua tiav: "Seev rau Violin thiab Piano" tseem nkag mus rau cov piggy bank ntawm cov tub rog piggy ntawm cov tub rog lub nkoj ntawm cov tub rog sib tw. Tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm, xyoo 1926, Aram mus rau lawv lub tebchaws, qhov chaw uas nws hau lub suab paj nruag ntawm lub tsev ntawm haiv neeg.
Xyoo 1929, Khachaturian rov mus rau Moscow, qhov uas nws nkag mus rau tus moscow cantervatory rau chav kawm ntawm composer nikolai yakovlevich meskovsky. KhiCaturian cov cuab yeej tau qhia nkauj nkauj nkauj thiab ci ntsa iab vasilenko. Lub sijhawm xyoo no, Aram tsim suite rau viola thiab piano, piano "toccatu", "xya fugles rau tus muaj koob muaj npe". TRIO rau piano, violin thiab clarinet heev txaus siab rau tus thawj coj ua ntej, uas tau npaj ua ntej ntawm txoj haujlwm no hauv Paris. Xyoo 1933, nyob rau theem ntawm Moscow cov neeg saib xyuas kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm lub suab nkauj orchestra, "las suite" nrov.
Thawj hom yeeb yam los ua haujlwm tiav. Tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm tiav thaum xyoo 1936, Khachaturian tau tsim thawj piano kev hais kwv txhiaj, uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub tebchaws Soviet tam sim no Tsov Rog Oborin. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Aram txuas txuas lub sab hnub tuaj tsw ntawm kev sib haum xeeb thiab melodies nrog Western European kev coj musical European musical European kev coj musical European musical Kev sib koom tes European musical Cov ntawv sau ntawm Aram Khillurian tau ua los ntawm Soviet Musicians D. Kogan, M. Polyakin, Ya. Kapell, A. Rubinstein.
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo Prewar, Aram Khanaturian tau sau tseg los ntawm Tus Thawj Tswj Xwm ntawm cov koomhaum ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm USSR. Nws sau Ballet "kev zoo siab", cov nkauj ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yam, suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam "Masquerade" thiab comfinquerade "thiab cov poj ntsuam Valensian". Waltz los ntawm suite Masquerade nkag mus rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov nkauj symphonic ntawm lub xyoo pua XX.
Thaum tsov rog, aram Khub KhiMaturian khiav tawm mus rau Perm, qhov twg cov Ballet "sib xyaw ua ke, uas nws tus xov tooj yog" Lullaby "thiab" Dance nrog Sabers ". Lub suab paj nruag suav nrog "Symphony nrog tswb", kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus thawj tub rog gastello "thiab lub Peb Hlis" Heroes ntawm Patriotic ". Lub suab paj nruag ntawm cov neeg muaj kab ke yog tshaj tawm rau hauv xov tooj cua pawg. Lub tswv yim ntawm Khaachaturian raws li txoj cai txaus siab rau cov tseem fwv Soviet, tso cov lus sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Stalinist nqi zog I degree. Thaum kawg ntawm tsov rog, tus tswv "Master's" zaj nkauj ntawm Armenia "tshwm los ntawm tus tswv. Xyoo 1946, Aram Khirchaturian Ua tiav thawj lub xov tooj ntawm tes ua yeeb yam, nyob rau ib xyoos - lub cim thib peb.
Xyoo 1948, Aram Khachaturian tau ntsib kev poob siab tom qab kev tso tawm ntawm cov nom tswv, uas nws ua haujlwm ntawm shostakovich thiab prokofiev, tau hu ua forkism, tau hu ua forkism, tau npe ua npe. Tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm tog neeg, thawj qhov kev ua haujlwm loj ntawm tus tswv ntawm tus tswv - lub Ballet "Spartak" - tshwm sim tsuas yog xyoo 1954. Txij li thaum nruab nrab-50s, cov kev tiv thaiv khov kho nkag mus rau tus neeg rov ua dua ntawm ntau pab pawg ntawm USSR thiab txawv teb chaws. Lub suab seev ntawm Khachaturian tau tsa los ntawm lub nroog Soviet BalletMusers L. Jacobson, I. Moiseev, Yu. Grigorovich.
Txij thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1950, Aram Khirchaturian tau txais thawj chav kawm ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov chaw txuag Moscow thiab hauv lub tuam txhab Gnes. Aram iliich coj cov masted soviet composers andrei hatis boyko, alexei rybnikova, Mikael Tariverdieva, Mark Mincova, VladimiDA, Vladimir Dashkevich. Nws txoj kev txhawb nqa tau siv los ntawm ARNO Babadzhanyan, Alexander Harutyunyan thiab Edward Mirzoyan.
Aram Khirmaturian koom nrog kev ua thiab taug kev nrog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm lub Soviet Union, Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas. Tus composer sau nkauj mus rau cov yeeb yaj kiab "Admiral Ushakov", "Jordan Bruno", "Othello", "Stalingrad Battle". Nyob rau hauv 60s, kev sib law liag rapeseed concert rau violin, celo, nyob rau hauv 70s, tus kws sib xyaw, tus kws sib xyaw, tus kws sib xyaw ua ke tsim cov seev sonatas rau cov seev cev.
Tus Kheej Lub Neej
Aram Ilyich Khoraturian tau sib yuav ob zaug. Txij thaum nws thawj tus txiv neej, nws tseem nyob ntawm Nuny tus ntxhais, uas tau txais kev kawm suab paj nruag thiab mob siab rau lub neej pianistic. Thawj pab neeg tsis kav ntev. Xyoo 1933, Aram Khanaturian, tau sib nrauj lawm rau zaum ob ntawm Nina tus phooj ywg Vladimirovna Makarova.
Hauv kev sib yuav thib ob, tib tug tub ntawm cov kws sau lus Karen tau yug los, uas tom qab tau dhau los ua tus ua yeeb yam nto moo. Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm Aram Khiraturian thiab Nina Makarova tau mob siab rau TV movie ", nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm cov txheeb ze thiab cov duab kos los ntawm tsev neeg archive tau siv.
Kev tuag
Xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej ntawm Aram Ilyich dlned tas li muaj kab mob. Tus neeg tsim khoom siv tau siv sijhawm ntau hauv tsev kho mob.
Xyoo 1976, Nina Vladimirovna tuag, tom qab uas cov tshuab raj yog thaum kawg snik. Lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1978, lub plawv ntawm Aram Khiraturian nres. Lub ntxa ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm muaj nyob hauv Yerevan, hauv chaw ua si npe hu ua tom qab tau hais ua txhaum.
Nthuav cov lus tseeb
Ob peb nthuav cov lus tseeb los ntawm lub neej ntawm tus kws sau npe:- Chav kawg ntawm Ballet "Gayane" Aram Ilich sau tsawg dua li ib nrab ib hnub. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev seev cev nrog sabers "tau dhau los ua kev ua haujlwm nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm Yauxej stalin stalin.
- "Anthem Armenia" aram Khillaturian tsim lub caij ntuj sov, zaum hauv chav ua haujlwm ntawm Yerevan chav tsev. Muaj pib ua cov nkauj, cov neeg tsim khoom pom tias lub teeb pom kev hauv lub qhov rais sib sib ze tsev thiab cov neeg tshwm sim, uas tuaj tos hu nkauj.
- Aram Khiraturian tus dev thiab hauv kev hwm ntawm cov menyuam dev pub tus menyuam dev (los ntawm ob daim ntawv sau), thaum nws sau, tau sau ua si "Lyado mob hnyav."
- Muaj ib zaj dab neeg hais txog yuav ua li cas ib hnub, tau nyob Spain, Khuam, Khuam, Khachaturian tau mus xyuas El Salvador Dali. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, lub rooj sib tham xaus nrog txoj kev xav tawm ntawm tus kws ua yeeb yam liab qab hauv qab "las voos nrog sabers" nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus coloser. Kev sau ntawv Anecdota yog ntaus nqi rau Mikhaail Weller.
Ua hauj lwm
- Seev cev rau Violin thiab Piano - 1926
- TOCCATA RAU PIANO - 1932
- Dance Suite - 1933
- Symphony tooj 1 - 1934
- Thawj zaug kev hais kwv txhiaj rau piano nrog orchestra - 1936
- Thawj zaug kev hais kwv txhiaj nrog cov orchestra - 1940
- Ballet "Gayane" - 1942
- Symphony tooj 2 "Symphony nrog tswb" - 1943
- Suite los ntawm cov suab paj nruag mus ua si "Masquerade" - 1944
- Thawj zaj nkauj rau cello nrog lub orchestra. - 1946.
- Ballet "Spartak" - 1954