Biography
Cov Forties ntawm XX centuries tau cim nyob rau hauv Russia tsis yog tsuas yog los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog loj tshaj plaws thiab keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg lub neej, tab sis kuj tseem herighic freatence ntawm cov neeg. Hauv kev nco txog cov sijhawm ntawd, tsuas yog rau kev tu siab thiab kev tu siab, peb tseem muaj suab paj nruag sau ntawv ntawm lub tebchaws tom qab kev ua rog, uas nqa tau yuav luag txhua xyoo pua hauv lawv tej hauj lwm.Thaum yau thiab cov hluas
David Samoilov yog ib tug pseudonym ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Lavxias, lub tshuab txhais lus ntawm cov neeg Yudais keeb kwm ntawm David Samuilovich kaufman. David Samuilovich yug rau hauv Moscow, Lub Rau Hli 1, 1920. Xamuyu Anpamovich kaufman, Txiv Toog, yog ib tug muaj koob npe nrov uas muaj koob meej. Sawv cev ntawm Leej Txiv, tus kws sau paj lug pseudonym - David Samoilov. Kev kawm ntawv qib siab ntawm tus tub hluas tau txais ntawm lub koom haum Moscow lub koom haum ntawm kev xav, ntaub ntawv thiab keeb kwm.
Xyoo 1939, ua ib tug tub ntxhais kawm ntawm 2 cov hoob kawm, Davi xav tawm hauv kev ua tsov ua rog tav su, tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm rau kev noj qab haus huv (qee qhov laj thawj yog lub hnub nyoog tsis txaus ntawm ib tug tub hluas). Thiab xyoo 1941, Davi poob rau hauv lub zog pem hauv ntej ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog zoo. Cov kws sau paj lug tom ntej yog ntses nyob hauv cheeb tsam smolensek, lub nroog ntawm vyazma. Muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm samoile worsened, thiab tus tub hluas tau xa mus rau tom qab, mus rau Uzbek nroog Samarkand. Nyob rau hauv Uzbekistan, ib tug txiv neej hluas txuas ntxiv rau kev kawm thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm lub koom haum kev tswj hwm.
Tom qab cov pedigree, David tau nkag mus hauv tsev kawm ua tub rog, tab sis nws ua tsis tiav. Xyoo 1942, ib tug tub hluas rov qab los rau pem hauv ntej, hauv cheeb tsam Leningrad, ntawm lub nroog tikhvin. Los ntawm Reworing Ib Xyoo, David tau txais kev raug mob hnyav - ib qho tawg ntawm cov mines puas nws txhais tes. Nws tau tshwm sim hauv Carbusel daim ntawv pov thawj, Lub Peb Hlis 23, 1943. David, ua lub tshuab phom, tsoo rau hauv tus yeeb ncuab tig thiab ib leeg rhuav tshem peb tus yeeb ncuab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Kev ua siab loj hauv kev tawm tsam thiab kev sib tw ntawm Samoilov tau txais cov txiaj ntsig "rau kev ua siab loj".
Tom qab ib xyoos, nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 1944, cov tub rog siab tawv rov qab mus rau lub kaw lus, tam sim no ntawm txoj kab ntawm Belarusian thiab nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm Efreitor, uas yog ib nrab sijhawm ua haujlwm raws li kev sau ntawv. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1944, Samoilov tau txais lwm qhov kev pom zoo - "rau kev ua tub rog". Twb tau tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev ua rog, thaum lub Rau Hli 1945, Samyov tau muab cov khoom plig thib peb - qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub hnub qub liab rau kev ua haujlwm German, uas muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau Soviet kev txawj ntse.
Tus kws sau paj huam dhau tag nrho kev ua tsov ua rog, nws raug mob, peb qhov khoom plig, koom nrog hauv Berlin - ntawm chav kawm tau tawm ntawm tus txiv neej no, uas tom qab tau ua rau paj huam.
Ntaub ntawv
Thawj tshaj tawm ntawm cov kws sau paj lug muaj chaw nyob xyoo 1941, hauv qab tus kws sau lub npe - David kaufman, sau tau hu ua "Mamroth Hunt." Thaum nws cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv Mythli Samoili, SergeY Sergeyevich Narnovich Kulchitsich, Ma-aglom DaviDovich Kogan, uas tau mob siab rau tus neeg nug tsib. Cov kws sau ntawv tom qab no tau pib hu cov paj huam ntawm cov tub rog tiam.
Hauv thawj lub hlis, Daviv nyob rau hauv lub ntej, nyob rau Daviv Daviv kaw nws cov kwv huam nyob hauv phau ntawv sau, tom qab peb tau luam tawm cov ntawv xov xwm zoo li no. Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov ua rog zoo, Samoilov tsis tshaj tawm cov paj huam, tsuas yog qhov kev zam ntawm cov kwv tij satirical nplooj siab rau Adolf Hitler.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub neej nyob rau ntawm pem hauv ntej tshoov ib tus hluas nyob ua haujlwm txog tub rog lub neej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib daim duab muaj npe hu ua foma mothnelhn. Cov paj huam no tau luam tawm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm hauv zos, tshoov siab, kev ntseeg thiab kev cia siab rau yeej ntawm lwm cov tub rog. Lub npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm David Samuilovich, mob siab rau tsov rog, yog hu ua "Fortieth, neeg tuag ...". Nws nthuav qhia lub ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab cov teeb meem ntawm cov tub rog tiam. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm Samoilov hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis cuam tshuam cov ncauj lus txheej hauv kev nom kev tswv.
Thaum kawg ntawm tsov rog, kws sau paj huam khwv tau txhais cov lus txhais thiab sau cov xwm txheej rau xov tooj cua tshaj tawm. Tau paub txog cov lus sau tsuas yog xyoo 1970, tom qab tso tawm ntawm kev sau cov paj huam hu ua "hnub". Ua li cas, David Samuelovich tsis tau coj lub neej muaj kev sib txuas lus, tab sis nws zoo siab tau sib txuas lus nrog heinrich bölel, bulat okudzhavonava thiab lwm yam kev txawj ntse niaj hnub ua.
Xyoo 1972, cov paj huam "tsis ntev los no" tau luam tawm, qhov twg ntau yam keeb kwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees yog tsa. Ntxiv rau cov tub rog thiab keeb kwm keeb kwm, muaj suab nkauj nyob hauv Samoilov (piv txwv li, paj huam ") thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hlub (beatrice). Kev hlub lyrics ntawm tus kws sau paj lug yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab txias thiab txias, tsis muaj qhov passions nyob rau hauv nws, yam ntxwv ntawm hom no. Feem ntau, lub tswv yim ntawm Samoilova muab piv nrog PIB DUA: Hauv David Samuilovich, Pushkinism yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov ntawv keeb kwm.
Ntxiv rau nws cov paj huam, tus kws sau paj lug txhais ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv txawv teb chaws, tau sau cov xwm txheej rau cov yeeb yaj kiab uas ntxim nyiam, cov lus yeeb yaj kiab. Txawm tias muaj cov ncauj lus loj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, nws feem ntau tau hais raws li cov sau ntawm cov paj huam ntawm kev ua menyuam yaus. Phau ntawv rau samoilov cov me nyuam sau nyob rau hauv 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Cov menyuam yaus ua haujlwm tau muaj keeb kwm kev muaj keeb kwm, hlub rau niam tais thiab cov neeg Lavxias.
Tus Kheej Lub Neej
Rov qab mus rau tus hero los ntawm kev ua rog, David tau sib yuav Olga Lazarev Sarelson xyoo 1946. Olga yog kos duab keeb kwm hauv cov tshwj xeeb. Cov ntawv sau paj lug ntawm cov kws sau paj huam Samoilov yuav luag tsis tham txog tus kheej lub neej ntawm David Samuilovich. Nws tau paub tias nyob hauv kev sib yuav Kaufmans muaj tus tub ntawm Alexander. Alexander Kaufman (Alexander Davydov lub pseudonym) tau mus rau tus txiv taw ntawm Leej Txiv, los ua ib tus neeg txhais lus thiab ua tus neeg txhais lus.
Txawm li cas los xij, thawj zaug sib yuav, tsev neeg lub neej ntawm David tsis tau ua haujlwm. Tus kws sau paj huam rov yuav poj niam Ivanovna Medvedev, hauv kev sib yuav los ntawm Peter no yug los, Varvara thiab Paul.
Tus kheej zoo ntawm Samoilova rov qab los sib tham nrog nws tus tub. David Samuelovich yog ib tug txiv neej coj, yooj yim thiab muaj kev lom zem heev ntawm kev lom zem. Nyob rau hauv tus yau, David muaj lub npe menyuam yaus Dazik ntawm cov phooj ywg. Ntau txog Samyov hais tias tus kheej chaw muag mis nyuj uas tus kws sau paj huam coj lub neej dhau los 28 xyoo dhau los ntawm lub neej dhau los. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm prose thiab paj huam los ntawm phau ntawv tais mis no tau luam tawm.
Kev tuag
Xyoo 1974, Samoilov nrog nws tsev neeg tau ncaim Moscow mus rau lub nroog ntawm Pärnu (Estonia). Tsev neeg nyob tsis tau yuav mus txog thaum kws sau paj huam yuav lub tsev thib ob ntawm lub tsev. Raws li lub sijhawm teev ntuj, lub nroog uas purest ecology thiab Serenity Pärnu txuas lub neej ntawm tus kws sau paj lug rau tsawg kawg ntawm ob peb xyoos.
Txawm hais tias Samilov tsis qhia txog kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm USSR tsis tu ncua lub neej thiab muaj qhov no tsis yog marctrow tus kws sau paj lug.
David Samuilovich kaufman ua rau mob xyoo tas los, tab sis nws txoj kev tuag tau dhau los. Tus kws sau paj lug ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 23, 1990 tuag lawm, nyob hauv lub nroog ntawm Pärnu, nyob rau theem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, zais ib pliag tom qab qhov scenes thiab hais lus zoo uas txhua yam zoo.
Bibliography
- Xyoo 1958 - "Lub Tebchaws Nruab Nrab"
- 1961 - "Ntxhw mus kawm"
- Xyoo 1961 - "Tsev Tsev khaws puav pheej Tsev"
- Xyoo 1962 - "Lub Teeb Teeb Pom"
- Xyoo 1963 - "Pass thib ob"
- Xyoo 1970 - "Hnub"
- Xyoo 1972 - "Equinox"
- Xyoo 1974 - "yoj thiab pob zeb"
- Xyoo 1975 - "Caij Peb Hnub ..."
- Xyoo 1978 - "lus"
- Xyoo 1981 - "Bay"
- Xyoo 1981 - "tes"
- 1981 - "Tom Dej"
- Xyoo 1983 - "Lub Sijhawm"
- Xyoo 1985 - "Suab rau toj"
- 1987 - "Cia cov paj huam" muab "
- 1989 - "tes haujlwm"
- Xyoo 1989 - "Beatrice"
- 1990 - "DOWFOLD THAUM"