Biography
Cov hauj lwm ntawm tus sawv cev ntawm cov hnub nyoog nyiaj Dmitry Merezhkovsky yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev nkag siab thiab kev nkag siab. Tus kws sau ntawv no tau paub txog cov nyeem ntawv niaj hnub raws li tus tsim ntawm txoj kev tshiab cov ntawv xov xwm thiab tus sau ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev sib sau ua tswv yim ntawm kev sau ntawv. Ntawm lwm yam, tus txiv neej no, ua ke nrog dab ntxwg nyoog nrog tus kws sau paj lug loj, yog tus kws sau paj lug pom cov classics sergeysenin, Alexander Blok thiab OSIP Mandelstam.Thaum yau thiab cov hluas
Dmitry Sergeevich mangiakovskovsky tau yug rau Lub Yim Hli 2, 1865 nyob rau hauv lub nroog Fabkis - Paris. Leej txiv ntawm tus kws sau ntawverei Ivanovich yog ib tus neeg ua haujlwm, thiab leej niam ntawm Varvara Vasilyevna coj ib yim neeg thiab tau koom nrog cov menyuam yaus. Nws tau paub tias nyob hauv tsev neeg ntawm Mezhkovsky yog rau cov tub thiab peb tus ntxhais. Dmitry yog tus yau tshaj plaws thiab txhawb kev sib raug zoo sib tham nkaus xwb nrog kwv tij Konstantin, uas tom qab dhau los ua biologist.
![Portrait ntawm dmitry merezhkovsky Portrait ntawm dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_1.webp)
Qhov xwm txheej hauv lub tsev ntawm merezhkovsky yog yooj yim: lub rooj tsis tau muab los ntawm tus quab, vim li cas muaj ib txoj kev muaj cov menyuam yaus los ntawm cov vices cov khoom - maus taus thiab kev siv zog rau cov khoom kim heev. Kev mus ncig ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm, cov niam txiv tawm cov menyuam yaus ntawm kev saib xyuas German, uas ua ntej yuav mus pw rau cov neeg ntseeg.
Nyob rau yav tom ntej, biography tau los txog rau qhov xaus uas nianny cov dab neeg yog qhov ua rau muaj kev ntseeg ntuj thaum yau, hauv kev ntseeg ntawm tus tsim lub paj nruag "cov me nyuam hmo ntuj". Tsis tas li, kev tsim sab ntsuj plig kuj tseem muaj tus kws sau ntawv hais tias tus kws sau ntawv ntawm lub hnub nyoog uas muaj kev nyob ib leeg, uas tom qab tau pom muaj kev nyob ib leeg, uas tom qab tau pom nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv thiab nqe lus.
![Dmitry merezhkovsky Dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_2.webp)
Xyoo 1876, Dmitry nkag mus rau hauv chav ua si thymnastry thib peb ntawm St. Petersburg. Lub merezhkovsky-sr., Uas tau txaus siab rau cov paj huam thiab paj huam, yog thawj zaug los ua kom muaj kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cua daj cua dub. Xyoo 1880, nws txiv, coj kom zoo dua lub rooj sib tham nrog cov tub sau paj nruag Andreevna Tolstoy, yog li ntawd nws yuav txaus siab rau cov tsiaj ntawv sau tseg.
Tom qab ntawd hauv "Numbiographical Ceeb Toom" DrammiRIry Sergeevich yuav sau ntawv tias thaum nyeem cov haujlwm tau txhawj xeeb heev. Dostoevsky, Hnov tus kws sau ntawv tus tub hluas mus rau qhov kawg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum mus rau tag nrho cov voj voog ntawm ntuj raug txim thiab paub txog dab tsi kev txom nyem thiab kev tsis to taub.
![Dmitry merezhkovsky nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no Dmitry merezhkovsky nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no](/userfiles/126/16512_3.webp)
Xyoo 1884, Dmitry tau dhau los ua tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawm keeb kwm thiab Philology Kws qhia ntawv ntawm St. Petersburg University. Ntawm no yog tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej tau txaus siab rau lub tswv yim ntawm positivism, thiab tseem pom kev nyiam rau Fab Kis Fab Kis. Xyoo 1888, Merezhkovsky tiv thaiv cov kev cai lij choj ntawm Renaissance - ua tiav los ntawm University thiab txiav txim siab los hloov nws tus kheej rau kev ua haujlwm sau cia.
Ntaub ntawv
Cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm Merezhkovsky coj qhov chaw nyob rau xyoo 1880 hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "picturesThe tshuaj xyuas". Tom qab ntawd tau luam tawm paj huam "Tuchka" thiab "suab paj nruag caij nplooj zeeg" tau luam tawm. Xyoo 1888, thawj phau ntawv ntawm lub cim ntawm daim paib "Petersburg, songs)" thiab hauv 1893 - Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Poob thiab Tshiab Ntiv qab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias tshiab Lavxias ".
![Kws sau ntawv dmitry merezhkovsky Kws sau ntawv dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_4.webp)
1899 los ua dmitry sergeevich teb. Tus kws sau ntawv hauv cov haujlwm ntau dua thiab ntau dua siv rau cov teeb meem kev ntseeg, thiab obsaid mug, uas cov lus nug kev ntseeg tau tuaj yeem sib tham txog cov lus nug sai.
Cov koob meej ntawm Dmitry tuaj ntawm nws thawj Roman trilogy "Khetos thiab Antichrist": "tuag ntawm cov vajtswv. Julian Runhiunde "," Sawv rov qab Vajtswv (Leonardo Da Vinci) "thiab" Antichrist Peter thiab Alexey ".
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1906, Dmitry Sergeevich tau mus rau Fabkis nrog nws tus poj niam. Nws yog nyob ntawd uas tau tshaj tawm ua ke nrog nws tus poj niam thiab DMitry tus neeg ua haujlwm "King thiab Ringion". Hauv Paris, tus kws sau paj lug kuj pib ua haujlwm rau lub trilogy ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm ntawm XVIii-XI Kinguries "Kingdom ntawm Beast."
Xyoo 1908, thawj ntu ntawm cov trilogy no tau luam tawm - Paul I, uas tus kws sau ntawv yuav luag raug kaw rau 513, thiab peb "Kaum Ob Hlis 14" - xyoo 1918.
![Phau ntawv dmitry merezhkovsky Phau ntawv dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_5.webp)
Hauv xyoo 1909, cov npawg yog rov qab teb nrog plaub sau cov paj huam hu ua "Lub Rooj Sab Laj tau tshaj tawm" nws yog thiab xyoo 1910-1914 "thiab kev kawm ntawv sau" ob Secrets ntawm Lavxias paj huam: nekrasov thiab tyutkev ".
Cov kev ua haujlwm nrov tshaj plaws ntawm Dmitry merezhkovsky 20-30s: "yug los ntawm cov tswv ntuj") (Napoleon "," Tus paub tsis meej ntawm sab hnub poob: Atlantis-Europe "," Yexus tsis paub "," Paul thiab Augustine, "Francis Assisi" thiab "Dante".
Tus Kheej Lub Neej
Thawj cov amur txaus siab ntawm merezhkovsky yog tus ntxhais ntawm tus tshaj tawm ntawm sab qaum teb Gazette. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1885, tus kws sau ntawv txawm tias tau taug kev nrog cov kev xaiv tsev neeg hauv Fabkis thiab Switzerland, tab sis qhov kev hlub no tsis ua rau ib yam dab tsi.
Nyob rau lub Ib Hlis 1889, Mezhkovsky sib yuav Zinaida Hippius, tus kws sau paj huam tom ntej, uas tau ua rau nws tus phooj ywg nyob nrog nws thiab muaj tswv yim tshaj plaws. Lub Union ntawm Merezhkovsky thiab Hippius yog lub nto moo tshaj plaws tandem hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias kev coj noj coj ua ntawm "nyiaj xyoo pua".
![Zinaida Hippos, tus poj niam Dmitry merezhkovsky Zinaida Hippos, tus poj niam Dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_6.webp)
Cov neeg teev ntuj tau sau tseg tias cov neeg nyiam, ua qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua lwm tus, tau nyob tsis tau los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Nws yog ntseeg tau paub, tom qab yos cov tub ntxhais hluas tau pib ntsib txhua hnub hauv cov tiaj ua si, thiab cov rooj sib tham no tau tshwm sim nruj me ntsis incognito. Txhua txhua qhov kev sib tham ntawm kev sib tham ntawm Zinaida thiab Dmitry hliv rau hauv qhov kev sib cav sib ceg kub, uas tsuas yog sib cav, uas tau ua mystical KABTSWV YEEM.
Hippius ua ntej yos nrog DMitry feem ntau muab rau yuav mus yuav poj niam, tab sis txoj kev ywj pheej ywj pheej hluas ib txwm teb qhov tsis kam. Nrog merezhkovsky txhua yam txawv. Cov kws sau ntawv tsis muaj cov lus piav tsis zoo no hauv kev hlub, uas tsis zam lub dab ntxwg nyoog ntawm tus Ntsuj Plig tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo, thiab nyob hauv ib hnub uas tsis muaj ob peb tug, pib nyob ua ke.
Lub Ib Hlis 8, 1889, kab tshoob kev kos ceremony coj qhov chaw hauv Tiflis. Kab tshoob hnub ob niam txiv tsis tau ceeb toom. Thaum rov qab mus tsev, lawv txhua tus tau mus ua haujlwm: Merezhkovsky - hauv kev ua ntej, thiab tus hypius - rau paj huam. Ntau tom qab nyob rau hauv lub memoirs ntawm tus neeg mloog lus hlub uas rau nws nws yog tag nrho cov kev tsis txaus siab rau nws hnub tom qab uas nws tau txiv.
![Dmitry merezhkovsky thiab zinaida hippius Dmitry merezhkovsky thiab zinaida hippius](/userfiles/126/16512_7.webp)
Nws yog ntseeg tau paub tias tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txij nkawm. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tus neeg siv neeg tsis txaus siab rau txoj kev xyiv fab, thiab Meriazhkovsky, paub txog tus poj niam coj ncaj ncees, coj nws nrog txhua qhov zoo thiab cov ntsiab. Zineg no feem ntau yog tus cwj pwm ntawm cov ntawv no rau sab, tab sis merezhkovsky tsis tau lag los tom tus txij nkawm. Nws yog qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Hippon rau nws tus txiv qhov kev lom zem hu ua kev sib cav nrog uas pawg neeg no tau tuag.
Qhov loj tshaj plaws kev thuam nyob rau hauv tsev neeg tshwm sim ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm merezhkovsky nrog Elena tus yam ntxwv - tus kiv cua ntev ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Thaum ntxov Lub Plaub Hlis 1901, tus poj niam hluas muaj los ntawm St. Petersburg, thiab tus kws sau paj lug tsis tau xav txog nws lub tswv yim nrog tus neeg qhuas. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj 1902, tus yam ntxwv tau los rau txij nkawm ntxiv: tsim - muab cov ntaub ntawv pab rau cov ntawv xov xwm "txoj kev tshiab", hauv kev muaj tiag - vim li cas los ntawm kev hlub. Thaum kawg, Hippius nrog tus taug kev muab nws tus poj niam ntawm lub tsev.
![Zinaida Hippers, Dmitry Cov kws txawj xav, Dmitry merezhkovsky Zinaida Hippers, Dmitry Cov kws txawj xav, Dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_8.webp)
Xyoo 1905, tsev neeg merezhkovsk los ze rau cov neeg tshaj tawm Dmitry Philosophical. Cov kws sau ntawv ua ke tau tsim thiab nyob ua ke. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lub neej, "Triple Union" ntawm cov kws sau ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tib neeg raug txim Dmitry, hais tias tus cwj pwm no uas tus txij nkawm puas txaj muag nws thawj zaug.
Morrali's chasesrs tsis nco qab tias tus neeg ua paj lug, nrog rau ib tug neeg nyiam sib deev, thiab los ntawm ib qho kev xav txog nws tus poj niam "tig sab hauv."
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov txij nkawm muaj kev ywj pheej tag nrho, muaj kev txi nws txoj kev sib yuav ntawm kev sib yuav. Txog thaum kawg ntawm txoj kev sib koom ua txoj kev ua ke, Dmitry thiab Zinaida muaj kev sib koom tes thiab kev sib cav sib ceg, tab sis merezhkovsky nrhiav kev xav tshiab tas li rau ib sab.
Kev tuag
Mezhkovsky tuag tam sim ntawd rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 9, 1941 los ntawm cov hemorrhage rau hauv lub hlwb. Peb hnub tom qab ntawd tus kws sau paj huam tau tuav hauv lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox ntawm St. Alexirer Nevsky. Kuv tau faus tus tsim "Vajtswv" paj huam nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb ntxoo tojntxas ntawm St. Genevieve.
![Lub ntxa ntawm Dmitry merezhkovsky Lub ntxa ntawm Dmitry merezhkovsky](/userfiles/126/16512_9.webp)
Nws tau paub tias tsuas yog ob peb tus neeg tuaj koom lub ntuj quaj ntsuag, thiab cov mlom saum tau muab nyiaj los ntawm cov nyiaj hla ciam teb.
Bibliography
- 1895 - "Knight rau tawg"
- 1895 - "Dawb Huv Satir"
- 1895 - "Los ntawm Anatoly Fabkis"
- 1895 - "Kev tuag ntawm cov vajtswv. Julian thim "
- 1896 - "Kev hlub muaj zog dua li tuag"
- 1896 - "Kev Hlub"
- 1897 - "Ntiv nplhaib hlau"
- 1897 - "Kev Hloov"
- 1897 - "Florentine BV xyoo pua"
- 1901 - "Sawv rov qab los. Leonardo da Vinci "
- 1904-1905 - "Antichrist. Peter thiab Alexey
- 1908 - "Pavel I"
- Xyoo 1911-1913 - "Alexander I"
- 1918 - "Kaum Ob Hlis 14"