Biography
Paul Vi Verlin yog ib tug kws sau paj huam Fabkis, ib tug sawv cev ci ntawm cov ntawv sau zoo li cov ntawv tas li, raws li kev xav, raws li maxim gorky - ib xyoo caum. Nws cov paj huam yog ntse, suab paj nruas, teeb tsa hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb - nrog rau kev sib dhos ntawm cov poj niam lub suab thiab rov ua dua. Relone tuaj yeem raug hu ua kev sib cav sib tua Fabkis thiab ntiaj teb paj huam.Thaum yau thiab cov hluas
Yug Paul-Marie Vellen nyob hauv lub nroog Metz. Nws tau tshwm sim thaum lub Peb Hlis 30, 1844. Cov niam txiv ntawm tus tub - Nicolas-Auguste Verlin, August of Engineering rog, thiab Eliza-Juli Joshanie Dee. Txiv - tub rog, thiab qhov no txhais tau tias nquag tsiv mus rau tsev neeg. Txoj cai nyob hauv Metz, Montpellier, Nita, teeb. Lawv nyob hauv ib qho chaw, hauv batinale, lub suburb ntawm Paris, tsuas yog thaum leej txiv ntawm tsev neeg tau tso tseg lawm.
Sau cov paj huam Paul pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 14 xyoos, xyoo 1858. Tom qab ntawd tus tub hluas ntsib ua haujlwm los ntawm Hugo, Banville, Gaishier, Bodler, Lekonta de Lily, ci ntsa iab. Tus kws sau paj huam uas yog cov twv kom sau ib puag rawv thiab xa hauv tsab ntawv nws cov paj huam "tuag".
Verlene yog thawj zaug kawm ntawm thaj av tsev neeg tsev qhua, tom qab ntawd hauv Lyceum Bona Pocc. Xyoo 1860, tus tub hluas ntsib Edmon Lepalet, uas nyob rau yav tom ntej yuav dhau los ua phooj ywg, phau ntawv paj nruag tej kev hnov siab. Xyoo 1862, thiab tau hais txog cov neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab Paul, nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv txoj cai thiab thaj av uas muaj kev txiav txim siab,
Txawm hais tias cov kev siv zog txuas nrog kho qhov zoo ntawm tsev neeg, Paul lub npe pib lub neej Bohemian. Tus txiv neej cov dej haus, taug kev ntawm cov tsev pej xeem, nyeem Buchner (" Hauv no salon, Theodore de Banville, augusk villa de Lill-atan, José Maria Elea, dhau los ua neeg sib tshuam.
Nyob rau hauv Lub Yim Hli 1863, hauv phau ntawv xov xwm "Tshawb xyuas kev nce qib", kev tsim ib tus kws sau paj lug uas yog nthuav tawm rau lub tsev hais plaub rau thawj zaug - Sonnet "Mr. Sonnet". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov paj huam, nquag sib txuas lus nrog yav tom ntej parrooms, ua haujlwm ua ntej hauv lub koom haum kev fajseeb, tom qab ntawd hauv Paris City Hall.
Ntawm kev rho tawm ntawm 1865, leej txiv ntawm daim teb yog tuag. Nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 1866, yim nqe ntawm cov villine nyob hauv lawv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cuaj Parnas magazine, uas muab Fresh Worke. Thiab nyob rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis ntawm tib lub xyoo, cov kev siv zog ntawm lemer thiab kuzina monkombl (hauv kev sib yuav ntawm Vilna "Saturn paj huam" tshwm sim. Xyoo 1867, Paulaus tau txhawj xeeb heev, nrhiav kev cawm seej nyob hauv qab ntawm lub glade.
Ntaub ntawv
Tom qab "Saturn paj huam", uas nkag mus thiab zoo nyob rau hauv lawv cov suab paj nruag "Zaj Nkauj Caij nplooj zeeg", tus muaj tswv yim biography ntawm vilan tau txais lub zog. Xyoo 1867, kws sau paj lug koom nrog Sax Magazine "yuav zhuk". Xyoo 1868, sib khi lus nrog lub ntsej muag pseudonym, tsim phau ntawv "hluas nkauj", uas rau kev qias neeg thiab rhuav tshem lub tsev hais plaub. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov paj huam hauv "hluas nkauj" tau mob siab rau lesbian kev sib raug zoo.
Qhov thib ob phau ntawv ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kws sau paj huam Fabkis tshaj plaws hu ua "galant Festival" yog los tawm hauv 1869. Ib xyoos tom qab, cov muab tso ua ke tom ntej, "nkauj zoo nkauj", mob siab rau tus poj niam yav tom ntej ntawm moth.
Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm Paris sib tsoo, Verlene ua haujlwm hauv tus kav nroog lub chaw haujlwm, hauv lub tuam tsev foob. Nws sau nws plaub phau ntawv ntawm kev mus ncig tebchaws Askiv thiab Belgium hauv 1872-1873, thiab hauv lub teeb ntawm "Romanances tsis muaj lus" kev saib xyuas thaum 1874.
Nrov nrog cov nyeem tseem txaus siab rau paj huam los ntawm phau ntawv no "ntsiag to lub siab quaj." Nws yog lub siab phem uas tshwj xeeb melodiousness ntawm tus neeg nkauj paj huam tshwj xeeb yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev tshaj tawm thaum muaj lwm yam lus, txawm tias muaj kev nplua nuj Lavxias.
Nyob rau hauv tib 1874, Paulin sau "Poetic Art" - ib hom ntawm manifesto cov paj huam tshiab. Namer feem ntau tau sau txog xwm, thiab nws cov av ua ke uas haum rau cov lus consons uas zoo nkauj, cuam tshuam feem ntau ntawm tus ntsuj plig. Qhov no yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm "kab ntawm cov kab kawg li tsis kawg", tus tawm tsam uas nyob rau hauv Lavxias txhais lus yog "kos" tsis muaj ib qho verb.
Thaum kawg ntawm 1870s, relone revis muaj nuj nqis lub neej, suav nrog kev ntseeg rau Vajtswv. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov kho ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm dhau los ua phau ntawv "kev txawj ntse", luam tawm xyoo 1881. Xyoo 1885, kev sau cov paj huam "ib zaug thiab tsis ntev los no" nyob rau hauv 1885, uas suav nrog cov lus tshaj tawm "tseem ceeb" cov kws sau paj huam ". Cov "damned", raws li tus kws sau cov ntawv, nkag mus rau cov tub luam nws tus kheej, Arthur Rambo thiab plaub ntau nqe.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv qab no muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo siab ntawm kev tshwj xeeb, kev ua kom zoo nkauj: kev sib sau "ntawm 1888," song "thiab" nkauj rau nws "ntawm 1891. Los ntawm txoj kev, "kev txawj ntse", "hlub" thiab "kev zoo siab" tau ua tus peculiar poetic trilogy.
Tus Kheej Lub Neej
Tau kaum xyoo, nws tus phooj ywg, nws mob siab rau, nws qhov mob - artur Rambo yog vilan. Cov MazBo thaum xyoo 1871 nws tau ua siab loj thiab sau ib tsab ntawv txaus siab rau tus kws sau paj lug twb paub lawm, ntxiv nws cov paj huam rau nws. Thiab nws mam li nco dheev tau txais kev caw mus rau Paris, thiab qhov kev txaus siab rau tus txiv neej ua haujlwm.
Cov txuj ci ntawm lub xeev kev paub txog ntau yam, tab sis nws tus cwj pwm sab laug ntau yuav tsum tau xav tau. Tsis tseem ceeb, tsis muaj qhov tseeb, hloov pauv ntawm kev sib cais thiab nws tus poj niam uas yog yos tus kws hais plaub twb yug tau nws tus tub.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev sib koom ua ke yog Roman thiab Rembo los ua "kev hlub uas tsis muaj lus", thiab tseem - hauv tsev loj cuj thiab tom qab ntawd txoj hauv kev rau Vajtswv. Tso tawm, Verlene hauv 1875 tau ntsib nrog Rambo. Ib hnub nyob rau hauv stuttgart xaus nrog kev sib cav, muab tso rau ib qho kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tus phooj ywg thiab, los ntawm cov lus xaiv, nyiam.
Kev tuag
Tus poj niam tau thov thiab tau txais kev sib nrauj, tag nrho cov lus sau tom ntej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau ua tsis tiav - tom qab ntawd nrog tus niam ntiav, tom qab ntawd nrog tus qub ua las voos. Verlene haus dej ntau heev, nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv tshuav yuav tsum muaj.
Thaum kawg ntawm lub neej, yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm Paul tau siv hauv tsev kho mob. Lub Ib Hlis 8, 1896, tus kws sau paj huam Fabkis loj tuag los ntawm kev los ntshav pulmonary.
Bibliography
Paj Huam Sau
- 1866 - "Saturn paj huam"
- 1869 - "Galant Festival"
- 1870 - "Dormant Nkauj"
- 1874 - "Romances tsis muaj lus"
- 1881 - "Txhab"
- 1885 - "Ib zaug thiab nyuam qhuav"
- 1888 - "Hlub"
- 1889 - "Hauv Pangel"
- 1891 - "Muaj kev zoo siab"
- 1891 - "nkauj rau nws"
- 1892 - "Ntsia Noj Hmo"
- 1894 - "Epigram" (lub neej dhau los ntawm verlene).
Muaj nqi
- 1884 - "Poj Ntxoog Dab"
- 1886 - "Cov Ntawv Sau Npe"
- 1891 - "Kuv lub tsev kho mob"
- 1893 - "Kuv lub tsev loj cuj"