John Appandayk - hoto, tarihin rayuwa, rayuwar mutum, sanadin mutuwa, littattafai

Tari

John Hery Apphdayk marubucin marubucin na Amurka na zamani, wanda aka bayar da kyautar Pulitzer biyu a 1980-1990. Bayan sun zama marubucin litattafan 23, Speetca ya bayyana hakikanin "a matsayin" a matsayin babban halin.

Yaro da matasa

Ya fara tarihin tarihin tarihin ranar 18 ga Maris, 1932 daga haihuwa a cikin dangin malami na gundumar pennslvvvan gundumar. Abubuwan da suka gabata na yara sun kasance ayyukan marubucin marubucin da littattafai da kuma gaya wa ɗan labarin kogin da gandun daji.

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Haɓaka hasashe da waɗannan labaru, a makaranta, yaron ƙaunar adabin kuma ya kirkiro aikinsa, da aka lashe kyautar ta sanannu. Don wannan da sauran nasarorin da aka kirkira, an zabe Yahaya na shugaban ƙasa, kuma a shekara ta 1950 ya karɓi malanta a cikin Harvard.

A nan, marubucin na gaba ya ɗauki hanya na Turanci da Ingilishi kuma ya kunshi sha'awar sha'awar yin nufin da ake kira Harvard Lepoon. Kuma bayan nasarar aiwatar da gwaje-gwaje da karɓar difloma tare da girmamawa, ya ziyarci makarantar art kuma tana son komawa London.

Rayuwar sirri

A cikin shekaru daliban, kasancewa memba na jama'a na mashahuri, ampanda halartar zagaye na mutum kuma ya haka ya shirya rayuwa ta sirri. A shekarar 1953, Mary E. Pennetton ya zama matarsa ​​ta farko, dalibi ne na mata na kwalejin alheri. Bayan wani lokaci, bayan bikin aure, yara sun bayyana a dangin marubucin, sannan kuma rata ba zato ba tsammani.Shiga cikin hotunan getty

Bawai nayi shi da halin da ake ciki ba, ya sami karfin sabbin hulda da kuma an hada shi da aure da Marta Bernard, wanda ya fi ƙaunar rayuwarsa.

Littattafai

Duk da sha'awar zama a Burtaniya, Audyk ya koma Amurka ta Amurka kuma a karshen shekarun 1950s na takaitattun labarai. Bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, ya buga littafin farko game da dan wasan kwando, sannan ya rubuta ci gaba da "zomo ya dawo" da "zomo mirgina".

A shekarun 1970 da 1980, duba a matsayin marubucin "Centira" da "Trilogy a Beck", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck ", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck ", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck ", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck", an baiwa Yahaya a Beck ", an ba Yahaya a Beck", an ba Yahaya a Beck ", an ba Yahaya a Beck", an ba Yahaya a Beck ", an ba Yahaya akan BEL", an ba Yahaya akan BEL ", an ba Yahaya a Beck", an ba Yahaya akan BEL ", an ba Yahaya a saman", Yahaya aka baiwa Yahaya a kan da'irar da'irar da'irar. Kuma masu karatu suna son marubucin don gaskiyar cewa labaran sa sun haɗa da ƙananan biranen Amurka da kuma damuwa da talakawa kuma kowane fahimta.

A lokaci guda, marubucin ya sami kyautar Pulitzer da kungiyar ta Unia ta Union, sannan kuma ya rubuta wani labari da ake kira Matar da George Miller.

A ƙarshen 1990s, lokacin da aka gama masu sauraro tare da irin waɗannan littattafan a matsayin "Brazil" da "Fim Lafiya" wanda ya zama sabon sigar ƙazanta, da kuma ana kiran fim ɗin "Gerthrud da Claudius" Gerthd da Claudius " ya bayyana akan siyarwa.

A shekara ta 2003, koma ga farko ayyukan, John ya buga tarin labaru, ƙididdiga kusan shafuka 800. A saboda waɗannan minatures, hankali an san su da dangantakar mai ban mamaki da cewa, a hade tare da batutuwan kirista, ya fito daga iyakokin da aka saba.

Shiga cikin hotunan getty

Godiya ga wadataccen hotuna da kuma kuskuren maganganun da suka zama ambaliyar, Audyk ya sami nasarar kawar da lamuran a zahiri. Don haka ya kasance a cikin ayyukan "a cikin kyawun furannin furanni" da "ƙauyuka", da kuma a farkon labari "'yan ta'adda".

A cikin wannan aikin, wanda ya ba da labarin rabo na Islama, marubucin ya bincika batutuwan asalin ƙungiyar addini. Kuma a karshe lokacin da gwarzo a shirye yake na aikata wani laifi, ya sami kawai amsar da ta dace da taimakon tsarkakewa.

Godiya ga wannan hanyar, ban da kyaututtukan Pulitzer, an baiwa APDik da yawa da sauran lambobin yabo. Yin hukunci ta hanyar hotunan da takardu, a cikin Bankinsa na Piggy su ne na Artal ne na kwastomomi da kuma yawan aikin dan adam na kasa.

Masu sukar, wanda ya kiyasta aikin da marubucin Amurka ya kirkira, ya kira shi "Mafi mahaliccin da ya fi jini, ya karya la'anar da ba ta cika ba."

Mutuwa

Tunda farko da farkon karni na 21, ampand ta ci gaba da rubuta litattafan litattafai, amma sanyi, wanda ya haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya, ya mamaye shi a ƙarshen 2000s. Duk da taimakon likita da aka samu wanda ma'aikatan Massachusetts suka bayar, sakamakon mutuwar marubucin mai shekaru 76 ya zama cutar kansa da nono.

Faɗa

• "A cewar tsohuwar mulkin Viking, gaskiyar cewa ba za ku iya kiyayewa ba, ba naka ba."
• "Ba mu mutu ba tare da soyayya ba ko kuma mafi kyawunmu muna rayuwa."
• "Maza ba sa so su yanke shawara, suna son Allah ko mata su yanke masu yanke hukunci."
• "Alamar wawanci koyaushe yana ba da damar yin mugunta."

Littafi daya

• 1959 - "Fair cikin Laddle"
• 1963 - "Centaur"
• 1978 - "juyin mulki"
• 1994 - "Brazil"
• 2006 - "'yan ta'adda"

Romanes game da zomo

• 1960 - "zomo, gudu"
• 1971 - "Rabbit dawo"
• 1981 - Rabbiter "
• 1990 - "Rabbit ya kwarara"
• 2001 - "Tunawa da zomo"

Trilogy game da beck

• 1970 - "Beck: Littafin"
• 1982 - "dawowar Beck"
• 1998 - "Beck"

Littattafan Incecian

• 1984 - "Isitik Kishi"
• 2008 - "Matan Girma"