Tari
Henry James mallakar yawan marubutan Amurkawa 20, sun zama marubucin litattafan 20 na 20, daruruwan labarai da wasa 12. Ayyukansa a cikin salon gargajiya, kazalika da na aikin aikin da suka gabata sau da yawa sun zama manabawar kuma suna haifar da masu karatu.Yaro da matasa
An haife Henry James a New York a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, 1843 a cikin dangin baƙi daga Turai, masu keran Irish da Scottish Tushen. Sunan tsohuwarsa, wanda ya sami wadata, ya kuma haifa wa banki da yawa, ya kasance mai son falsafa da addini.
Zama kamar yadda masana tauhidi da mai magana, shugaban dangin da aka yi tafiya Geneva da London, tare da matarsa da yara. Saboda haka, masu motocin masu garkuwa da kai sun tsunduma cikin ilimin yaron, da kuma iyawar sa daga farkon shekarun da ke sha'awar malamai.
A cikin ƙuruciya, Henry, wanda ya sha wahala daga Stout, yana shiga cikin al'adun al'adu na Paris da mu'ujiza a kawar da karar, da ya koyi Faransanci. Tun daga wannan lokacin, shi a cikin asali na karanta littattafan girmamawa na Balzak kuma tare da yin wani mahaifiyar wani mahaifiya da ya yi rikodin tunani da kuma ji a cikin littafin littafin.
A farkon 1860s, babban dan uwan James, na gaba na kwakwalwa, ya shiga jami'in Boston, da kuma iyalan sun koma wurinsa. Henry ya shirya yar hakkin makaranta, amma ya sami m wannan tattaunawa da, yin matakai na farko a cikin tarihin rayuwa, ya fara nazarin fasaha.
Samun abokantaka tare da marubutan da masu sukar, saurayin halitta wanda aka buga rubutun na wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka buga ta Miss Maggie Mitgchell a Fanchon Bagget. Kuma daga wannan bala'i na "bala'i na kurakurai" ya bayyana, kuma marubucin marubucin da aka gayyata don rubuta kayan akan umarnin mujallu da jaridu.
Bayan samun kuɗi akan sake dubawa na littafin, Henry ya tafi tafiya a Turai kuma ya sadu da irin waɗannan masu kirkirar da Charles Dickens da George Eliot. Kuma a sa'an nan ya zauna a London kuma ya fara rubuta rubuce litattafan mata, amma a wancan lokacin da aka buga ba su buga kowane aiki.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar da ke rayuwar marubucin Amurka har yanzu tana jayayya, kuma magoya bayan ka'idoji daban-daban kawai cewa shi wani ambaliya ce. Da yawa daga cikin nazarin nazarin da suka sami damar zuwa haruffa da hotuna daga gidan yanar gizon dangi aka danganta shi da mutane kuma a bayyane yake liwadi.Littattafai
A shekarar 1860-1870, James ya kasance memba na kulob din din din din din din din din din din din nasa a da'irar abokai. A sakamakon haka kamfanin Ingilishi Editan ya saki Roderik Hudson, wanda masu sukar da masu karatu suka sami tarihin nishadi.
Yin aiki a cikin zurfin tarihin, HENRY ya zama mai bin Gamusta Flaubert kuma ya kusanci gunki, ya motsa daga London zuwa Paris. A can ya zama abokai tare da marubutan Emil Zol da Ivan Turgenev kuma bayan buga ayyukan da aka amince da Amurkawa da aka amince da Amurkawa.
Aikin wannan lokacin na yau da kullun ya kunshi jerin soyayya na soyayya: "Square na Washington", "Amincewa" da "hoton mata". Sannan kuma rubuta hankalin ya sauya baturin abubuwan ci gaba na ci gaba, kuma wannan ya haifar da rikice-rikicen kaifi wanda ya wuce shekaru biyar.
Duk da wannan, an cika littattafan James na Yakubu da irin wannan rubuce-rubucen a matsayin "Bostononians", "haruffa na asper" da "juyawa na Asper" da "juyawa na Asper" da "juyawa na Asper" da "juyawa na Asper" da "juyawa na Asper" da "dunƙule 'juyawa". A cikinsu, marubucin ya tayar da tambayoyin juyin juya halin zamantakewa da na zamantakewa da zamantakewa, kazalika da cibiyoyi da kuma fuskantar al'adun gargajiya da sabon haske.
A kokarin yi nasara a masu karatu, marubucin ya dauki wasan kwaikwayo, amma masu sauraron basu godiya da wani wasa ba. Koyaya, waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na rubuce-rubuce sun taimaka wa samuwar sabon salon, godiya ga waɗanda Henry ya ba da cewa ko da ba wataƙila ya sanya gicciye akan aikinsa.
Littattafan da aka buga a cikin 1900s sun bambanta da mafi ƙarancin haruffa, gami da tunani da ban mamaki, ta hanyar zane mai ban mamaki. Harshen maganganu da kwatancin zane-zane ya fara zama cike da hadaddun tsarin da suka fice sosai bayyanar, ƙanshin, sauti da launi.
Dole ne dan dandano ga masu sukar, da marigayi littattafan marubucin kuma suka riƙa irin waɗannan fuka-fukai "da kuma 'jakadu". Godiya ga sake dubawa na kwararru masu iko, Henry James sun koya a duk duniya, da kuma shahararrun masu silinan filayen sayar da kayayyaki ne daga littattafai.
Mutuwa
28 ga Fabrairu, 1916 a cikin Turanci da Jaridun Amurka sun rubuta cewa marubucin Henry James ya mutu. Dalilin mutuwar wani sanannen marubucin da aka san wani abu ne mai rikicewa da bugun jini, wanda ya faru a cikin gidan da yake cikin gundumar susex.Littafi daya
- 1875 - "Rodrick Hudson"
- 1877 - "na Amurka"
- 1878 - "Turai"
- 1880 - "Washington Square"
- 1881 - "Hoton Mata"
- 1886 - "Bostonnians"
- 1890 - "Al'ada ta Bala'i"
- 1899 - "Rashin lafiya"
- 1901 - "jakadan"
- 1902 - "fikafikan kurciya"
- 1904 - "Golden gilashin"