Tarihi
Faski - gwarzo tatsuniyar tatsuniyoyi, alamar da aka sani na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha, wanda ake amfani da sunansa a cikin ma'anar nucleation, kazalika da sunan rukuni na rukuni na (dolli na nucle.Tarihin halitta Halittar
Petrushki yana da "abokai da yawa" a wasu ƙasashe 'yan' yar tsana ta Faransa Moskerille, a Jamus - Panch, kuma a Italiya - pulcinaell. Suna da halaye iri iri, amma ba daidai ba ne don la'akari da su prototypes na Rasha gwarzo, da kuma 'yan' yan tsaka-tsaki ne, waɗanda ke sarrafawa tare da taimakon zaren da hinges .
An samo cikakken bayanin halin da aka samu a cikin bayanan mai binciken na Jamusanci, wanda ya yi tafiya cikin muscovy a cikin 1633-1634. Masu kirkirar doll sun kasance masu fasaha masu fasaha - scomerculoos, daga baya al'adar dabarun da ke da alamomin, da kuma su da kuma 'yar tsana.
A karni na XVI, cocin da hukumomin shari'a sun yi ƙoƙarin halakar da wuri. Mai yiwuwa, Shean ban "curly" zane-zane ga kirkirar 'yar tsana - irin wannan nishaɗin ba shi da lahani.
Tarihi da hoton faski
An bambanta gwarzo ta hanyar murƙushe muryar da murƙushe, don ƙirƙirar abin da masu fasahar sun sanya pereler na musamman a bakinsu. Sun taka leda ne kawai. Sunan barkwanci na gwarzo ya zo a madadin Bitrus - a cikin tsoffin ma'ajin, ya yi alfahari da Peter Ivanovich vinegar. Hakanan akwai sigar da ta haɗu da sunan yar tsana tare da kalmar Ukrainian "Porta" - "Ajiye". Duk da haka, faski ya fara kiran yar doll ba a baya ba na tsakiyar karni na XIX, kuma kafin ya sa sunan Ivan Ratatouje (ko Rathew), wanda ke nuna yiwuwar Jarumar Shari'a. A tsawon lokaci, a Rasha, faski ya fara kiran dukkan dolvs saka hannu hannu.A gabatarwar, kwikwiyo ya ɓoye a bayan ragar ragi na katako na firam ɗin katako da sultsins, wanda aka saka a ƙasa. Petrushka zaune daga masana'anta masu launin launuka da yawa, kuma an yanke kai daga itacen kuma an aiwatar da shi ta hanyar ruwa na musamman don kyan gani a nesa. Tufafin gwarzo sun zama kowane rakumi na Motley, duk da haka, kuna hukunta da hotunan adana, mafi yawan lokuta yana sanye da wando mai haske da wando mai haske. Akwai cikakkun bayanai game da wani kyakkyawan hula: a cikin ambato daga halayyar hotunan da aka kiyaye, shiga matsala, yin nadama game da "bace kai da hula da tasel."
A matakin petrushka - Shaidar da ke haskakawa na halayyar ƙasa: mai amfani, wiggggggggy, mai kai, ba tsoron coci, ko kuma a shirye yake kuma a shirye suke kuma a shirye take don yin gwagwarmaya don adalci. Labarin tsoffin labaran sun san wanda halin ya sakan doki, ya ziyarci sojojinsa, ya zaɓi matarsa - waɗannan halayen gidaje sun kasance kusa kuma suna ƙara kallon kallo fiye da mai kallo. Akwai rikici, ƙare tare da yaƙin tare da sanda da dunkule, wanda ya kasance kyakkyawa gaisuwa ga masu sauraro.
Gabatarwa tare da shigar da faski an lasafta a kan manya (bayan dukansu, yara ba su da kudi), don haka ba koyaushe suke yi daidai ba. Abubuwan da aka ambata game da al'amuran an kiyaye su, inda gwarzo ke zama "amarya wacce ke son amarya zuwa kusancin dangantaka ko kuma ba'a da mutanen ruhaniya. A masu sauraro, irin wannan barkwanci sun ji daɗin shahararrun mutane, kodayake mata sau da yawa suna hanzari don tserewa daga wannan kallo kuma suna kaiwa ga yara da su. 'Yan Artists da sauran coarness ba su lanƙwasa: faski monologires cike da kalmomi masu ƙarfi, kuma kisan abokan gaba sun kammala da kisan abokan gaba.
A karni na XX, faski yana rasa girman yaren da kuma matsakaicin dabarar kuma ya daina sha'awar ban sha'awa jama'a. Mashahurin safofin hannu sun zama mahalarta a cikin matinee da Sabuwar bishiyoyi na yara, don haka an tilasta wa gwarzo ya daina rantsuwa da gwagwarmaya. Daga tsohon hoton Jellet, kwatankwacin karafa ne kuma hali ga kuturta, yanzu mara lafiya.
Faski a cikin al'ada
A cikin 1911, Igor Stravinky ya danganta da wuraren tsere tare da halartar gwarzo wanda ya haifar da ballet "faski", aikin da ya faru a kan bikin fasinja a St. Petersburg. Gabatarwa tare da zama da kuma bayyana waƙar da mutane suke yi da su na lokaci da lokaci na lokaci ya zama al'ada.
A cikin 1927, Samuel Marshak ya rubuta wani Petrushka wasa, wanda ya yi amfani da abubuwa na ra'ayoyin gargajiya.
A cikin girmamawa ga hali, wata cuta mai rauni tana da sunan shi, wanda aka sani da Syndrome. Yara suna fama da shi suna da kamannin halayyar da ke da fili tare da dalilai masu ban sha'awa, wanda ake kira "pictology dalilai" ko kuma "syndrome" ko kuma "farin ciki Doll Syndrome".
Faɗa
Oh, kaina ya ɓace tare da hula da tasel! Wace irin likita kuke, idan kun yi wa inda ya ji rauni? Me yasa kuka yi nazari? Ni kaina na san inda ya ji rauni! A matsayin fasfo, ni petr Ivanovich vociusov!Littafi daya
- 1927 - "faski-baƙon"
Filmography
- 1971 - "faski"
- 1973 - "Game da faski"
- 2017 - "faski da bogorodskaya shoy"
- 2018 - "faski da kovrov shoy"