Josip Broz Tito - hoto, tarihin rayuwa, rayuwar mutum, sanadin mutuwa, shugaban Yugoslavia

Tari

Josip Broz tito ga mazauna yankin Balkans, kamar Yusufu Stalin ga Russia, ɗan siyasa siyasa ne na mulkin manyan nasarorin da al'amuran cuta. Yawancin mazauna mazauna, duk da haka, an mutunta su (kuma a ci gaba da girmamawa) don wahalar da ke da alaƙa da azzalumi mai sauƙi, masu 'yantar da Yugoslavia.

Yaro da matasa

A gabatarwar suna - Jop Broz. An haife shi ne a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1892 a Kumrovice, wani ƙauye a cikin Kotsian Zagorne, wanda shine ɓangaren Hungary. Shine na bakwai ko na takwas Fano Broza da Mary Zagverca. Zai yi wuya a tantance madaidaici ne saboda yaran da suka mutu an haife su a cikin iyali.

Tito shine magana ce mai ma'ana cewa dan siyasa dan siyasa a karkashin labaran kwaminis. Mai yiwuwa, Tito ya kira dukkan maza daga garin Croatian. Kamar yadda labarin ya nuna, abin da aka yi magana ya haɗe shi cewa ya zama mai cikakken bayani.

Kusa da Josip Broza ya kasance gefen mahaifiyar Sloveniki. A lokacin isowa makaranta, yaron ya fi mallakar Slovenian Harshen, amma duk da asalin kasa, ya yi la'akari da kansa croat don mahaifinsa.

Shiga cikin hotunan getty

A cikin 1900, Tito ya tafi makarantar Kumrovtsz. Ko da a cikin aji, an ba shi ilimi mai wahala. Wannan an sanya shi a fili: har zuwa mutuwar ɗan siyasa ya rubuta tare da kurakurai.

Bayan sakin a 1905 (a cikin aji na 2 Dole ne in koya sau biyu) Tito yayi aiki akan gonar iyali. FANO Broz, wanda ya so nan gaba ga hisansa a cikin kasa da kasa da baki, ya ceci yin hijira don yin hijira a Amurka. A sakamakon haka, a cikin 1907, Tito sosai bar, amma ga Croatian Sisak gundumar (97 km daga Native Kumrovitsy), inda dan uwansa bauta.

Aikin Tito an cika shi: ya bauta wa abinci a gidajen abinci, sannan ya yi nazarin kulake da ƙwararru da Benz. Saurayin saurayi ya yi tafiya a duniya, ya koyi yaren Jamusanci da Czech.

Yaƙin Duniya na farko da ya sami babban Tito a cikin Sojojin Austro-Hungaryari. Ya nuna kansa cikin hankali.

Maris 25, 1915 Tito rauni. Kamar yadda fursuna ya yaƙi da ya yi a asibiti karkashin Kan, ƙauyen Sviyizhsk, watanni 13. Wani saurayi yana shan azaba da hare-hare na ciwon kan humama da Talpus. A lokutan fadakarwa, Tito ya koyar da Rasha da kuma sanye da litattafan Rasha da kuma kirkirar Iban Turgene da Lion Tolstoy. Kawai a watan Yuni 1917 ya tsere zuwa tserewa.

Rayuwar sirri

Mafi shahararren shine matar ta ƙarshe Tito - Yovanka, amma a rayuwar mutum na manufofin akwai wasu manyan dangantaka.

An zabi wani zaben Tito ya kasance Pelagia Denisovna Belsiusov. Maƙarin ya kawo su Omsk: Yarinyar ta ɓoye fursuna na tseren Runtaway. Bikin aure ya faru a watan Janairu 1920. Sai Tito ya yi shekara 27, kuma Belousva - 15. Yara biyar aka haife su a aure, amma thean ne kaɗai ya tsira.

Shiga cikin hotunan getty

Tito da Pelageya sun sake sawa a watan Afrilun 1936, tunda 'yan siyasa sun ƙaunaci dan kwaminisanci Anna Köning (ita ma Elsa Lucia Baer). Ma'auratan sun yi nasarar yin aure ne kawai - a shekarar 1937, zargin da zargin ne da leken asiri da harbi. Daga baya, bayanan a dangantakar Tito tare da wannan matar ta share.

A shekara ta 1940, 'yan siyasa aurashe Heret Heret. A cikin Mayu 1941, suna da wani ɗan Iskandari. Kasancewa cikin aure, Tito ya juya Roman tare da Davaiangka Powanovich, wanda a cikin 1946 ya mutu daga cutar tarin fuka.

Yovanka Broz - sanannen masanin aure. Sun yi aure a watan Afrilun 1952. Rashin aure ne ta hanyar rashin hankalin jama'a, dan siyasa ma ya zargi matarsa ​​a cikin shirye-shiryen jihar da kegioslavia. Sun ce sun rabu da ƙarshen 1970, jim kaɗan kafin mutuwar Tito. Babu yara gaba daya.

ITO girma - 170 cm.

Siyasa

Ayyukan siyasa na Josip Broz tito ya fara ne a 1920 daga shiga kungiyar Kwaminisiyar Yugoslavia. By shekaru 33 ya dauki "Juyin Juya Hali." Kusan an kama wani 'yan tawayen mako-mako, kowace rana ta zo gidan da bincike. Tito, sanin harafin Shari'a, duk lokacin da ya fita bushe daga ruwan.

A Nuwamba 1928, har yanzu shari'ar ta kasance: An yi Allah wadai da shekaru 5 don ayyukan kwaminisanci. 'Yan siyasa ya bayar da' yanci a watan Maris 1934, inda ke tashi tsakanin lokaci. Ya zama mutum mai son wanda ba a so ba ne ya bar Yugoslavia. A watan Yuni 1935, Tito ya fara haɗuwa da Yusuf Stalin.

A watan Agusta 1937, Tito ya nada Sakaturin Agentanet na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Jugoslavia, da kuma ranar 5 ga watan Janairu, 1939 sun amince da shi a ofis.

Lokutan nauyi ya zo. Mafi yawan Tito Comrades, da kuma tsofaffi maza da na gaba Pelagia da Anna sun kasance masu shakku na fafatawa, kuma Jamus sun tabbatar Czechoslovakia "Share" yankuna. Tito ya bukaci Czechoslovakov don yin gwagwarmaya don kansa. Dubunnan masu sa kai sun zo ofishin jakadancin Czechovakia a Belgrade don bayar da taimako.

Yaƙin Duniya na biyu zai kashe Balkans idan Tito bai tsaya a kan shugaban juriya ba. Sojojin Soviet sun taimaka a gwagwarmayar. Jamus, jin iko, sanar da farauta ainihin jagora a yankin, amma bai yi nasara ba. Bayan 1945, mutanen da ake kira Tito mai sassaucin ra'ayi na Yugoslavia.

Lokacin post-yaki da ake buƙata canje-canje, musamman a cikin hanyar kwamitin Yugoslavia. Yawancin sun yi magana da Jamhuriyar. A ranar 7 ga Maris, 1945, Shugaban gwamnatin Jehoungiyar New Sihiri ta Sanarwar Jama'ar Tarayya ta Jamhuriyar Yugoslavia.

A karkashin Aitho Firayim Minista, an kirkiro sojojin Yugoslav - ƙarfi na huɗu a duniya, an yanke masu karar taro da yawa daga cikin watsawa, an murƙushe cocin. Amma yawan sun amince gaba daya.

Ofaya daga cikin fewan waɗanda ba su son salon Tito shine Joseph Stalin. Sun ce har ma ya shirya kokarin da yawa don kashe Firayim Minista, amma wanda ba ya kama da nasara. Tito ya amsa barazanar da Stalin:

"Dakatar da aiko da mutane su kashe ni. Mun riga mun kama biyar - daya tare da bam, wani tare da bindiga. Idan ba ku daina aika masu kisan kai ba, zan kuma aika da daya zuwa Moscow. Ba zan buƙaci aika na biyu ba. "

Abota tsakanin Balkans da USSR sun sake farawa Nikita Khrushchev. A cikin 1955, ya zo TAGO, wanda tun daga wannan lokaci ya riga ya zama shugaban Yugoslavia, kuma ya nemi gafarar ayyukan Stalin Stalin.

Shiga cikin hotunan getty

A matsayina na shugaban kasa, Tito ya inganta manufar kasashen waje. Yanzu haka ne abokantaka da shugabannin jihocin Balkans yanzu haka suna yin bayanin kayan gargajiya na Yugoslavia a Belgrade. Tito ya kasance abokai tare da Winston Churchill, Richard Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev. Sun ce, daga sumbar gargajiya ta karshen, Tito da zarar ta fashe lebe.

A shekarar 1971, yawan Yugoslavia a karo na ƙarfe ya zaba Tito tare da mai mulkinsa, da kuma 1974 ya yi canje-canje ga kundin tsarin mulki, ya yi shelar kansa da shugaban rayuwa. Daga cikin lokaci guda, shugaban yankin Balkan a ƙarshe ya zama cikin manufofin ƙasashen waje.

Mutuwa

Lafiya ta fara kawo Tito a 1979. Musamman damuwar jini a cikin kafafu. Halin da ake ciki ya zama mai haɗari cewa likitocin suka yanke shawarar yanke shawarar kafafun hagu. Shugaba Yugoslavia ya ki, ya ja da kansa ya mutu daga kamuwa da cuta na Gangrenous. Idan 'ya'ya maza suka rinjayi Tito don aikin, ya juya ya makara.

Josip Broz Tito ya mutu a ranar 4 ga Mayu, 1980, kwana 3 kafin bikin 88th. Sanadin mutuwa shi ne Gangrene. Lambar rikodin 'yan siyasa sun zo ga jana'izan, ciki har da sarkin, shugaban 31, sarakuna 6 da ministocin na baƙi 227.

A cikin gidan furanni a Belgrade, inda jikin Tito yake hutawa a karkashin marmara slab, an sadaukar da kullun da rana mai duhu. Ganuwar yin ado da hoto na panoramic na mahalarta mahalarta jana'izar.

Tarihin Tito ya yi aiki a matsayin tushen yawancin zane-zane da takardu. Mafi kyawun yanayin Yugoslavia, mai mulkin shugabansa, yana da himma, ya ba da rahoton wasan kwaikwayo "Tito da Ni" (1992).