Tari
Julio Mazarini shine Ministan farko na Sarki Louis Xii, ya zama magajin jan Cardinal Arman Jean Du Du Richelieu. Avestator jihar ta zama sananne kamar Anna mai hankali Anna Austrian da kuma Tammer na mai martaba mai nobar leded.Yaro da matasa
Julio Raymondo Mazarinini an haife shi ne a watan Yuli 1602 a cikin dangin dan kasuwa da mai saukin ƙasa, mai ɗaukar tushe asalinsu. Godiya ga matsayin magabatan da halartar zuwa ga mai mulkin Naples, makomar yaron ya yanke hukunci kuma ya zauna daga kwanakin farko.
Mahaifin Pietro Mazarini shine Camger Filippo ginshiƙai, da mahaifiyar, ashetocrat daga Rome, mallakar jama'a ne na manyan matan. Matar ta haɗu da yara - yara maza biyu da mata huɗu da suka yi hukunciwanin bayanan Bogi, ba su da shekara.
Julio, dattijo, ya tafi makaranta a shekaru 7, amma bai shiga cikin umarnin Jesuitsa ba, duk da kokarin malamai. A cikin aji na ilmin taurari, ya ba da rahoto game da waƙar Gallea, ya ba da ka'idodin tare da yawancin mutane na jin mutanensa.
Baya ga Kimiyya, Mazarinini ya dandana zane-zane na na kallo, sun taka rawar da St. Ignatia de Loyola a daya daga cikin wasan addini. Koyaya, batun aikin bai taba sanin asalin saurayin ba, ya dandana musamman m sha'awar aiwatarwa.
A cikin ƙuruciyarsa, kasancewa cikin cibiyoyin ilimi ba tare da kulawar iyaye ba, Julio ya kamu da caca kuma sau da yawa a cikin masu bin bashi. Uba, wanda ya jagoranci matsalar, ya dauki magaji daga Rome, kuma na wani lokacin da ya juya a cikin lardin lardi.
A farkon 1622, Mazarinini ya zama abokin tarayya da kuma dan aboki Jirolo - magajin da halittar sura ta Nepolitan. Ya koma jami'in da aka yi, wanda yake cikin Madrid, inda akwai damar da funda, ba tare da tsoron sakamakon mummunar molly.
Da rana, Julio ya yi nazarin tarihi da dama, a cikin maraice ya buga katunan a cikin tauverns da na gida. Wasu mu'ujiza, mahaifin ya yi game da salon rayuwar babba kuma ya fahimci cewa begen nan gaba zai zama abin da zai faru.
Ta hanyar yin tsayayyen iyaye, Julio ya koma cikin ƙasarsu kuma ya kusanci fikihu daga baya. A tsakiyar 1628, ya shiga cikin sojojin Prince Prealestrina, amma saboda karancin ilimi da gogewa bai kamata ya fada ko'ina ba.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin matasa, Maazarin kusan aurar da 'yar Madrid Narary, yi wani aikin da ya tilasta wa bashin katin. Iyaye waɗanda suka koya game da halin da ake ciki daga Harafin abokin, sai labarin ya rushe harsuna marasa kyau.Zama babban dan siyasa, Julio ya sanya masu ƙauna, nemi shirya makomar 'yan'uwa maza da mata. Matsayin cocin Katolika na Cardinal ya sanya gicciye akan rayuwar kansa, kuma ministan farko ba tare da nadama yarda da hukuncin bakin ciki ba.
Theungeran membobin dangin Maazarin sun zama babbar farfajiya da Lady, Duke De Devers da Laura Mancini su ne masu son mutane. Anna Mariya Martinotzi ya auri Yarima de Citi, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin memba na frond, maganata na Art da ba da taimako.
Jikin mai mulki
Ayyukan siyasa na Italiya sun fara da matsayin diflomasiyyar Paplomasiyya, a karon farko da al'umma ta samu game da shi a cikin 1630. Julio ya umurci tattaunawar da masu nema don gādo na Mauan, kuma ya zama wani mutum da ya hana yakin Faransa-Spain.
Maazarini ya yi nasarar samun amincewar sanannen siffofin Turai - Cardinal Franceco BarrBerini ya tsufa da kaizinsco Barriterini ya girma da Arman Jean Du Du Richelieu. Manyan maza sun yi nazari kan yuwuwar saurayin matasa, nan da nan ya zama mai mallakar rawar wasa a cikin wani taron siyasa.
Tsohon ɗan caca ya karbi sandaran San Canonika da matsayin girmamawa, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a sami haraji daga manyan gidajen larabawa. Ya zama gado na paris a cikin Mids a tsakiyar 1630 kuma ya fara sarrafa rabo daruruwan fararen hula.
Richelieu kafin mutuwarsa ta nemi sarki don kula da makomar Mazarinini, a sakamakon haka, firist daga Italiya ta shiga babban majalisa mafi girma. Wani mutum mai kyan gani da amincewa da Anna Austaniya ya ci gaba da amincewa da Anna Austaniya kuma ya kasance abokanta tsawon shekaru.
A lokacin mulkin sarki na Wisen Louis Xiii ya zama ministan farko kuma ainihin Ubangijin kasar. Don sani, jagorancin deautifort ta deautif, ya shirya "ƙungiyar girman kai", yanke shawarar wannan yanayin siyasa ba sa bukatar ta hanyar kasawa.
Sarauniya da aka fi so Sarauniya ta fi so don ci gaba da babban matsayi. Bayan an kwaftar da 'yan adawa, ya zama mai adadi guda ɗaya a cikin Paris. Godiya ga baiwa ta manufar waje, Faransa ta lashe gasar Spain a cikin yakin shekara talatin, flushed saboda dalilai na addini.
Mazarini ya zama ɗayan masu kirkirar takardun tarihi, godiya ga ƙoƙarinsa, wanda ake kira Westphaliiya a duniya. Ya gudanar da gyaran jama'a da tattalin arziki wanda ya taba matalauta a cikin yawan jama'a, ta amfani da kwarewar Ubangiji kawai a matsayin alamar ƙasa mai gaskiya.
Theara yawan haraji ya haifar da ɓacin rai na Faransa, a kan Cardinal shine Fronte, wanda ya kunshi 'yan kasuwa da' yan kasuwa. Bugu da kari, Maazarin ya sake rikici tare da Paris da za a san shi, ya tsananta wa iyaka a karshen 1640s.
Matsalar da ake tilastawa ta tilastawa Julio don watsi da ƙirar da ba ta dace da jagorantar ƙoƙarin da ke ƙoƙarin yin ilimantar da sarkin sarki ba. Cardinal da Anna Austrian ya kammala yarjejeniya tare da abokan hamayya, kuma daga baya ya juya cewa babu mai yanke shawara ba.
Tarayyar da tsoffin 'yan fronsters suka taimaka wajen murkushe tarzoma da aika wa Diarantaus na gidan ventsensky na Par France Prore de Konde. Duk da haka, wakilan 'yan uwana sun saba da irin wannan shawarar, kuma Mazariny ya yi ritaya zuwa Jamus, ba tare da samun damar kiyaye su ba a cikin duban dan tayi.
Lokacin da Louis na gaba Louis XIV ya cimma wani zamanin da, Cardinal Sciphantly ya koma ga misalin Paris. Ovations, wanda ke shirya yawan jama'a na rikici, ya nuna cewa Mazarinini bai rasa tsohon tsohonsu daraja.
Mutuwa
A karshen rayuwar Mazarini ya yanke shawarar zama wani firist na yau da kullun - yana nufin halin lafiyar jama'a, ya tafi daga al'amuran jama'a. Saboda tsananin gout da matsaloli tare da narkewa, Mutumin ya rasa tsohuwar mai ƙarfinsa, duba da sauri.Kafin mutuwa, saboda cututtuka, Cardinal shine so, gwargwadon abin da ministan farko zai zama Jean -aftise Colberte. Julio ya ba da shawara ga Sarki Lois XIV, dangane da yanayin al'adu da wuraren jama'a.
A cikin Maris 1661, An binne Mazarinini tare da girmamawa a cikin ginin Cibiyar Faransa kusa da fadar Leuvras. Kabarin, wanda yake a cikin zauren marble zauren tare da hotuna na abubuwan da suka gabata, ya zama haraji ga ɗan mai ƙasa da kuma dan kasuwa.
Julio Mazarinini a Art
Tasanin tarihin Faransa aka nuna a cikin fasaha, ya zama gwarzon ayyukan rubutu, zane-zane na zane-zane. A cikin "Mask na Iron" bisa ga littafin labari, Alexander Duma - Manyan Julio an nuna shi a matsayin mai hikima, wanda ya rayu zuwa babban kyaftin.
Fim ɗin "dawowar musketeers, ko dukiyar Cardinal Mazarini" ta cire masu shirya zane-zane na Rasha a farkon 1990s. Bayan wa'adin shekaru goma, Cardinal Mazarinini. Wasannin masu haɗari, "sha'awar Wakilai na waɗanda ba su son kansu da tarihin da'ira.