Tari
An yi imanin cewa tsaron mahaifinsa kasuwanci ne na mace. Amma babban yaqijin yaqi ya tuna da fa'idar Mrena Wolkaya, bangaskiyar Andriova, waɗannan mata masu rauni da kuma jimre wa mutane rauni rauni. Ya bayar da gudummawa ga babbar nasara da kuma first Pilot Lydia ldia ledvak, farin Lilia stalingrad. Ta yi nasara mafi yawan nasarori a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na iska a cikin tarihin shiga cikin jirgin sama. An ba wa taken gwarzo na Soviet Union an ba da taken ƙarfin hali.Yaro da matasa
Lydia Vladimirovna Litvaka aka haife ran 18 ga watan Agusta, 19221 a Moscow, babban birnin RSFSR. Da ƙasa, an ɗauki matukin jirgi ya zama Rashanci, amma akwai zato cewa a zahiri ita ce ɗan asalin Yahudawa.
A cikin 1920s da 1930s, kowa yayi mafarki. Hadarin da aka yi wahayi zuwa ta hanyar bukukuwan Alexander Tashkin, Valery Chkalov da George Baidukva, samari da 'yan mata da' yan mata sun hau cikin Aerclubs. Lydia Litvaka ba ta da togon. Tuni a 15, ta fara zauna a matattarar matattarar.
Dabarun daukar hoto na litvian a cikin Kherson ya malama. Don barin yanayi - a shekara ta 1937, mahaifinta, Vladimir Letavila, an ɗauke shi da harbi. Dangane da masana tarihi, Denunciations karya ne. Amma matukin jirgi, mai yiwuwa ya wuce abin da ya gabata.
Lydia ta gudu zuwa gaban babban yakin mai kishin kasa. Amma aka gaya mata: "Yau ya zama yanayin maza." Yanayin ya canza a watan Oktoba 1941, lokacin da daya gwarzo na farko na Tarayyar Soviet, Flyer-Navigator Marina Svalova Svillova Svillova Svillova ce, wanda ya kirkiro da jirgin saman mata 3. Litvyak dole ya sanya awanni 100 na tashi zuwa layuka na ɗayansu.
Daga wannan, jaruntaka, amma gajeriyar matakin da ba ta dace ba na tarihin rayuwar fari Lilija Stalingrad ya fara.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin Fabrairu 1943, Lydia Lydia jirgin sama ya doke. Ƙasa da aka lissafta akan yankin maƙiyi. 'Yan fastoci sun yi kokarin daukar matukin jirgi, amma ta harbe kansa kuma a zurfafa a fagen. Farin Lilia Stalingrad zuwa rai na gari kuma ya mai da hankali da katako don barin ɗaya don kansa.Alexey Frolovich Solatarin ya zo ne zuwa ga ceto. Filin jirgin sama ya bude wuta a kan masu fastoci, tare da tilasta su boye, kuma sanya jirginsa a kan "ciki" don karbar Lydia. LED da ƙaunataccena.
Lidiyia Ladia Ldia da Alexeyy Soloomatina ya zama mai taushi da ban sha'awa. Amma matasa sun yi aure kafin rushe jirgin ya faru. A ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1943, gwarzo na Soviet Union sun mutu a gaban ƙaunataccen da yaƙi da Comrades. Yana ɗan shekara 22.
Kasada
Don 1942 Lydia Litvakon buga sama da jirgin sama na Staldrad 6. Don ƙarfin hali, wanda aka bayyana a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe, an ba da damar matukin jirgin sama da 'yancin amfani da alamomi daban-daban.
Tun da yara, yarinyar ba ta son nasa sunan. Ta ce mata ta kiranta Lily ko Lily mai adalci. Daga nan da radiosal - "Lilia-44" (a cewar wasu bayanan, farin Lilia "). A bakin kofar jirgin sama "Bloomed" Flower, kuma ba da daɗewa yarinyar ta samu mai saukin kai ba, amma sunan barkwanci Lilia Stalingrad.
A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 1943, Litvakov ya ba da kyautar da ta farko ta farko - tsari na jan tauraro.
Da alama ba matsaloli ba zasu iya kawo farin Lily matse daga yaƙe-yaƙe. A ranar 22 ga Mayu, 1943, ya ji rauni sosai a ba a daidaita ba. Duk da wannan, matukin jirgi ya kawo Fighter mai fashin shiga zuwa gindi. An aiko mata zuwa asibiti, to, gida, murmurewa. Amma makonni 2 kawai bayan haka, Lydia sake gani a cikin iska.
Yuli 18, 1943, watanni 2 bayan mutuwar Alexemi Solatina, Litvyak ya rasa mafi kyawun budurwa Catherine Budanov a cikin yaƙi. 'Yan mata sun yi gwagwarmaya da mayafin maganganu a cikin biyu, da fari Lilia Stalingrad sun yi tsere. Daga waɗannan, Flyer ya yi fama cikin yaƙi. Ba ta kare mahaifiyarmu ba. Ta sa fansa ga masu ƙauna da ƙauna.
Fesure na ƙarshe na Lydia Litvaka ta sanya a gaban Mius. A ranar 1 ga Agusta, 1943, ta tashi sau hudu don ya yabe maƙiyin. Warware jirgin sama 2, daya - a cikin kungiyar. A cikin shekara ta 4 da ba ta dawo cikin tushe ba.
Sau ɗaya a shekara da rabi na babban yakin mai kishin ƙasa, litvyak ya sa ya kai 168 Crazy Cikin Jirgin Sama. A Asusunsa, Bala'i 12 na mutum da kuma 4 - a zaman wani bangare na kungiyar. Farin Lilia Stalingrad yana dauke da wata mace mai marin.
Mutuwa
Dangane da tunanin zamani, mafi yawan duk Layia suna tsoron abyss. Amma kawai abin ya faru. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, 1943 a lokacin jirgin sama na 4 da na karshe a gaban Mius, jirgin ruwan Lilija Stalingrad ya ɓace a cikin gajimare kuma bai dawo ba kuma. Ya kasance kwanaki 17 kafin ta ne a ranar haihuwar 22.Kwamandoji na masu tsaron gida na 73rdd sun yi gyare-gyare kan wakilcin gwarzo na Lydia zuwa taken Tarayyar Soviet. Amma an yanke shawarar yanke hukunci. Marubutan tarihi suna ba da wannan fewan fassara.
Wasu suna nufin shaidar, gwargwadon abin da litvyak ya yi tsalle tare da jirgin sama na abin da ya faru ya kama fasikanci. Wasu kuma suna jayayya cewa ta taken gwarzo na Soviet ba za a iya gabatar da su ba. Hanya ɗaya ko wani, farin Lilia Stalingrad da aka bayar da kyautar tauraron Golden a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1990.
Lydia Litvakov ta gano shekaru 26 bayan hadarin kozhevny gona tare da yankin Donetsk. A ranar 29 ga Yuli 29, 1969, ya rage, a cikin kabarin haushi. A cikin jirginsa na ƙarshe, farin Liliiya Stalingrad ya tafi ba tare da alamun ganowa ba, don haka ya ci gaba da zama "ba a san shi ba" ba a san shi ba. "
Sai kawai a 1971, injunan bincike daga yankin Luhansk ɗin da aka samo cewa Lydia ta shiga cikin kabarin Fragon. An rage ragowar. A cikin Yuli na 1988, akwai farantin da aka manta da Regalia na matukin jirgi da daukar hoto a bangon girgije.
A Nuwamba 1988, Lydia Lyvak ta sanya dalilin mutuwa: "Ya mutu lokacin da ake yin aikin fama a ranar 1 ga Agusta, 1943."
Tunani
- Daga Haihuwa da kafin barin gaban babban yakin mai kishin ƙasa, Lydia ta rayu a cikin lambar gidan 14/19 a kan titi. NovosloBodskaya a Moscow. A cikin Maris 2019, plaque pavorial tare da hoton tagulla an sanya shi a kan facade.
- Hukumar gwarzo na Soviet Union ana kuma gina su a cikin Ra Ray a cikin RAWA No. 1, ɗaliban Volgogograd (akan yankin Volgograd (a kan yankin na zirga-zirgar jirgin sama na yankin soja na kudanci).
- Abubuwan amfani da farin Lilia Stalingrad suna cikin tsari a cikin takaddar ciki da fina-finai na fasaha: "Hanyoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya" (1979), "Lily" (2014).