Tari
Ludwig Wivtgenstein - karni na Austrian na Austrian, wanda ya inganta ka'idar cikakken harshe. Ya danganta ne da dabaru na lissafi. Marubucin masanin masanin ya mallaki manufar kwayar halitta.Yaro da matasa
An haife Ludwig a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1889 a Vienna. Yaron ya juya ya zama ƙaramin 'ya'ya takwas na baƙin ƙarfe da matansa. Mahaifin ya shirya girma daga manyan shahararrun masana'antu kuma kada ku amince da ilimin makaranta, don haka a ƙuruciya sun yi nazarin a gida.
WittGenstein-SR. Ya kasance mutum mai wahala da ƙwararrun mutum, wanda ya shafi danginsa masu kyau. Uku daga cikin matasa biyar sun kashe kansa. Babban ɗan'uwan Brotheran'uwa Hans sunyi la'akari da wani baiwa. A cikin 1902, ya tsere a Amurka kuma ya mutu a karkashin yanayi mai zurmai.
A shekara ta 1904, Rudi, wani dalibi ne na sakandare na kwayar kwallon kafa ta Berlin, kashe kansa a cikin mashaya, yana shan madara tare da Cyanassium. Dangane da wasu bayanai, ya kasance liwadi a liwadi kuma yana da damuwa game da mutuwar aboki. Kurt ya umurci rundunar Sojojin Austrian a karshen yakin duniya na farko. An harbe jami'in da ya mutu a cikin shekarar 1918.
Iyaye sun yi taushi kuma an yarda Ludwig tare da horo na Paul a cikin makarantar jama'a. An rufe falsafar ta gaba, bai nuna nasara a cikin karatun sa ba tare da wahala ta sami harshe gama gari tare da takwarorinta.
Wordgenstein ya zama sha'awar Injiniya da tsarin jirgin sama, kamar ɗalibi na Techische Hchschule Berlin. A cikin 1908, ya karbi difloma a Jami'ar Manchester Pregoria. Wani lokaci mai haske a tarihin Ludwig ya saba da ayyukan Gotoba, wanda aka yanke wa tunanin tunanin yadda aka tabbatar da ilimin falsafa da dabarun.
Rayuwar sirri
Wittgenstein ya ƙunshi dangantakar soyayya da mata da maza. Taimaka wa 'yar uwa a cikin ginin gidan a cikin Vienna daga 1926 zuwa 1928, ya sadu da Yaren Sweden Margarita na Jariri. Shekaru biyar, yarinyar ta ci gaba da jujjuya rayuwar rayuwar abokin tarayya, amma bambaro na ƙarshe ya yi tafiya zuwa Norway. A ciki, mai gandun daji ya gane bai iya zama matar Falsafar ba, ya kuma bar shi.Daga cikin zaɓaɓɓu, ana kiran Ludwig Ludwig David, wanda yake a cikin 1930s a cikin 1930, da Ben Richards, wanda ya bayyana a rayuwar Austrian a cikin 1940s.
Ilmin filosofi
A cikin 1911, Wittgenstein ya shiga Cambridge, inda ya kasance mataimaki da kuma aboki na Berran Russell.
Bayan mutuwar Uba a cikin 1913, saurayin yana cikin mafi arziki na Turai. Ya rarraba jihar tsakanin dangi, kuma wasu daga cikin kuɗin da aka ba da gudummawa ga adadi. Ludwig da kansa ya cire bene a cikin gidan kuli a cikin ƙauyen skololen da kuma rubuta wani aiki da ake kira "Notes akan dabaru".
Karatunsa an kulle shi da ra'ayoyi kan kudaden harshe. Ya ba da shawara game da tautology a cikin jimla a matsayin gaskiya, da sabani - a matsayin ƙarya ko kada kirga su ga ɗayan nau'ikan.
A cikin 1914, Wittgenstein ya bar masu sa kai a gaban. Bayan shekaru 3, ya kama da kuma lokacin da ya rubuta "yarjejeniyar majami'ar falsafar." An buga aiki a cikin 1921. Ya yi nasara a kasashen Turai na Turai. A lokacin, Ludwig ya riga ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a cikin makarantar karkara.
Ayyukan koyarwa na wani lokacin da aka maye gurbin aiki a matsayin mai kula da gidan sufi. Sannan masanin masanin kimiyya ya sake shiga cikin koyarwa a cikin cibiyoyin ilimi kusa da trattenbachach. Anan ya rubuta sabon littafin - Dictionary Yara na pronation da rubutu, wanda ya zama aikin na biyu na marubucin, wanda aka buga a cikin cikakken juyawa.
A cikin 1926, ya dawo aiki a kan "majami'ar da ke cocin falsafali", tun lokacin da ya gano cewa an fassara shi ba daidai ba, kuma wasu hukunce-hukuncen da aka bayyana ba daidai bane. Aikin WittGenstein ya haɗu da Aphorisms guda bakwai da aka haɗa ta hanyar bayani.
Babban ra'ayin shi ne asalin ma'anar tsarin harshe da tsarin duniya. Yana fahimtar wanda ya kafa kamfanin ba daga abubuwa ba, amma daga gaskiya. Ba da shawarwari sun zama raka'a na yare. Dangane da wannan manufar, yaren yana ƙarƙashin dokokin dabaru kuma ana iya tsara shi, kuma bada shawarwari ga waɗannan dokokin suna keta ma'ana. Daya daga cikin mahimman kwatancen manufar Karanta:
"Abin da ba shi yiwuwa a yi magana game da hakan ya zama shiru."Bayan haka, Wittgenstein yana da sababbin dabaru wanda ke bayyana harshe a matsayin tsarin canzawa a cikin abin da rikice-rikice na iya kasancewa. Dangane da batun da aka sabunta, aikin Falsafa shi ne don ƙirƙirar bayyanannun ƙa'idodi don amfani da raka'a harshe da rikice-rikice.
Kamar yadda wanda ya kirkiro da falsafar yare, Ludwig Wordgenstein yana da babban tasiri akan samuwar falsafar Anglo-ameriyya. Bugu da kari, a kan tushen tunanin sa, an kirkiro da ka'idar m Postitismism. Kwararru suna ɗaukar babban gudummawa ga dabaru a ɓangaren masanin kimiyya na "Bayanan labarai mai launi", wanda akwai jawabi game da wasannin harshe. Aikace-aikacen masanin kimiyya ya kasance mai nema a cikin ƙasarsu da kuma kasashen waje. Alexander Chosopher Istiet Zinover shi ma ya nemi bincikensa.
A cikin 1929, yarjejeniyar jagorar falsafa "ta fara tarihi a Cambridge. Wordgeunstein ya sami malami a kwaleji na Truition.
Bayan anchlus a 1938, masanin kimiyya ya zama ɗan ƙasa na Jamus. Dangane da dokar NureBolG, an rarraba wani mutum a matsayin Bayahude. Falsafar da 'yan'uwansa suna daga cikin' yan waɗanda Adolf Hitler suna da matsayin launin fata na musamman. Wannan lamari ne da damar kuɗi na iyali. A shekara ta 1939, Ludwig ya karbi dan asalin Biritaniya.
A wannan lokacin, masanin kimiyya ya karanta latchees a cikin ilimin lissafi da falo a Cambridge, cewa a kan asalin yaƙe-yaƙe na soja da alama ba za a iya jurewa ba. A shekarar 1941, ya zauna a Sanitar zuwa Asibitin London. Wittgeunstein ya shiga isar da magunguna daga magunguna a karkashin sunan baƙon kuma ya kasance cikin ma'aikatar incognitoci.
A shekara ta 1947, masanin falsafa ya yi magana da abokan aiki daga Oxford a cikin jama'ar Jowetta. Ya bar Jami'ar Cambridge kuma ya mayar da hankali kan ayyukan rubutu. Bayan ziyartar Ireland, Ludwig ya kasance a cikin Haɗin gwiwa. A cikin 1949 ya ziyarci New York, da samun abokai abokai. A wannan lokacin, ya rubuta "karatun ilimin falsafa", da aka buga a 1953. Jawabin a cikin littafin yana game da gwajin da ake kira "irin ƙwaro a cikin akwatin". Manufar binciken da aka tilasta yin tunani game da yanayin harshen da kuma tsarin voicing ra'ayoyin game da duniya.
Mutuwa
Falsafa ya mutu a watan Afrilun 1951. Sanadin mutuwa ya kasance cutar kansa. An binne masanin masanin a Katolika na Katolika a Cambridge, ba da nisa daga Chapel na St. Egridia. Littattafan sa "Farawa da lokaci", "a dogara" da sauransu ya buga hoto.Ludwig Wivggenste da aka yi da aka yi, da kuma kusancin ilimin falsafa da abubuwan tunawa da abin tunawa da kuma al'ada. Ray Monk ya gaya wa rayuwar Austrian a cikin littafin "Bashi Bitus." Ana iya samun hoto na mai binciken a yau a cikin littattafan fasaha da littattafan rubutu game da falsafa.
Quotes da Aphorisms
- "Daga abin da komai ya zama kamar ba ya biyo baya."
- "Daya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin baiwa ba abin mamaki da ba ku damu ba."
- "Duniya haɗuwa ce ta gaskiya, ba abubuwa ba."
- "Abin da za a iya faɗi a gabaɗaya ya kamata a ambata a fili; Game da abin da ba zai yiwu a ce ya kamata ya zama shiru ba. "
- "Garanti wani marmaro ne, dauke da dukkan sabon ruwa. Amma wannan bazara yana jan idan sun ji daɗin ba daidai ba. "
Littafi daya
- 1913 - "Notes akan dabaru"
- 1921 - "dabarar-falsafa-falsafa"
- 1929 - "Tunani da yawa akan tsari mai ma'ana"
- 1953 - "Nazarin Falsafa"
- 1956 - "Shawarwari kan kayan yau da kullun na lissafi"
- 1958 - "Blue Book"
- 1958 - "Littafin Brown"
- 1980 - "laccoci da Taɗi Game da Areesetics, Ilimin halin dan Adam da Addini" "