Tari
Amurka poepess Louise Gritch Fiye da shekaru 50 a cikin keretarewa sun ba da kyautar dozin, amma babban saman kyautar Nobel a cikin wallafe-wallafen an cinye shi ne kawai 2020."Ga wata murya mai ban sha'awa da ba ta iya amfani da ita wacce ke mallaki kowane ɗayan rayuwar duniya," nasara tana da alaƙa sosai.Yaro da matasa
Louise Elizabeth Gluck da aka haife shi a cikin "Big Apple" USA - New York a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1943. Da ƙasa, ta zama ɗan Amurka, kodayake iyayen sun gaji zubar jini. Mahaifiyarta Beatry (a cikin girman Grosby) suna da asalin Yahudanci na Rasha, kuma an haifi Uwar Bayahudiya-Rasha a cikin dangin gwamnatin Hundarian.
A farkon lokacin tarihin biography ya juya ya zama mai raɗaɗi - poeness ya sha wahala daga maganin cututtukan mahaifa. Ta sami dalilan wannan a cikin dangantakar masu guba tare da mahaifiyar kuma a mutuwar 'yar uwar' yar uwarsu ta Susanna. Latterarshen yana yiwuwa mai yiwuwa ya mutu saboda yarinyar ta mutu a cikin 1941 - kafin haihuwar kyautar Nobel da ke yi.
Cutar ta ci gaba, kuma a cikin karatun digiri George W. Louise Glit ya fara jiyya. Bayan 'yan watanni dole ne su bar makaranta, amma har yanzu ta sami difloma a 1961. Game da lokacin rayuwa mashahurai ya rubuta:
"Na lura cewa a wani lokaci zan mutu. Na san mafi haske da kuma cewa ba na son mutuwa. "Gyaran gyara, wanda ya kasance shekaru 7, ya yi canje-canje masu mahimmanci har zuwa rayuwar talauci. Saboda yanayin rashin tausayi da kuma rikicewa yana biye, bai iya samun babban ilimi a cikin hanyar gargajiya ba. Tare, Louise Gluck ya ɗauki darussan darussan waƙoƙi a Sara Lawrence Colleged, kuma daga 1963 zuwa 1966 ya halarci ɗalibai na musamman don ɗalibai na musamman don "m" ɗalibai.
Rayuwar sirri
Rashin hankalin mutum bai tsoma baki da yarinyar ta gina rayuwar mutum ba. A shekarar 1967, ta auri Charles Hertz - matasa, likitan masanin jin dadi. Aure na farko bai yi farin ciki ba kuma ya fadi baya 'yan watanni daga baya.Murmushi na gaba Louise Glitch ya ɗan sananniyar marubuci John Drannu. A ranar aure a shekarar 1977, danginsu sun riga sun cika yaren gaba daya. Ofan ofan poetess kawai na Nuhu Drana aka haifeshi a cikin 1973, a cikin tsufao, ya zama wucin gadi. A shekarun 1990s da wannan aure sun ƙare cikin kisan aure.
Wallafa waƙoƙi
A cikin matasa, Louise Glitch suna mafarkin yara. Amma a sakamakon ƙungiyar tare da Charles, Hertz - sauro 'yan wasa ne kawai "ɗan farin" (1968). Masu sukar sun yaba da dabara da frank yana aiki, wanda, Alas, ya fusata cututtukan littafi na biyu. Duk wani yunƙuri daga Louise Rubuta aƙalla layin ya ƙare tare da abubuwan tarihin.
Zai yuwu a shawo kan rikicin kawai bayan 1971 - a lokacin ne ke ɗaukar kyautar kyautar Nobel ta fara ne don koyar da safiya a kwaleji. Wurin da ta rubuta yayin lokacin koyarwa sun kasance a cikin tarin "gidan a kan fadama" (1975). Yanzu mutane da yawa na rubutu suna kiran wannan littafin juyin juya hali, suna ba da shaida ga fitowar sanannun Voisa.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ya kamata a sami gazawar don dagawa. Don haka ya faru ga tarin "Downayar da adadi" (1980). Masu sukar sun gani a kan shafukan sa kwatsam kiyayya da marubucin zuwa yara. Abubuwa na musamman sun tashi zuwa ga waka "sun karɓi yara". Amma, ban da wannan, da waƙar mace ta kasance a matakin kirki.
A cikin wannan 1980, dangin Louise glyuk ƙona gidan tare da duk kayan. Wasu waƙoƙi, wanda aka haɗa a kan kunnun fidda zuciya, shiga cikin tarin "bikin Achilla" (1985). Masu sukar sun ce wannan godiya ce ga peretess wanda ya zama daga cikin manyan marubutan Amurka na 1980s.
Tara na gaba "Aratat" (1990) ya bayyana a matsayin martani ga bala'i abin da ya faru - Louise Glyc ya rasa mahaifinsa. A cikin labarin don New York Times, Dwight Garrear da ake kira wannan littafin "mafi karfin hali da m da baƙin cikin american american american americyy na shekaru 25 da suka gabata."
Babban tarihin da aka fi sani, wanda ya kawo wajan bayar da kyautar Nobel a Duniya a fagen duniya, shi ne "daji iris" (1992). Wauta magana ce ta furanni da mai lambu da kuma masu ƙarfi mafi girma game da yanayin rayuwa. An ba da littafin Pulitzer. Hakanan tarin ne kawai (a cikin gaba ɗaya a gaba ɗaya littafi na littafi mai taken Luuise Glitch), wanda aka fassara zuwa Rashanci.
Da farko ya kai ɗan shahara, peetess bai bar kerewararraki ba. A akasin wannan, ciyar cikin lokacin da ya fi dacewa. A cikin 1990 da 2000, ta saki tarin 6 da waka "Oktoba", wanda aka sadaukar da kai ga harin ta'addanci a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2004.
Louise Glitch yanzu
Kyautar Nobel a cikin wallafe-wallafen ne mafi kyautar Scandno. Ba da gaske bane, amma saboda yanayin da ke rakiyar gabatar da gabatarwa.A cikin 2018, alal misali, wanda ya lashe ba a sanar da shi ba saboda jin daɗin jima'i kusa da Jean-Claude Arno. An zargi mai daukar mai daukar mai daukar hoto da mutane 18 a tursment. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka ƙare da ɗaurin kurkuku. Arno Catarina Fozentesson yayi aiki shekaru da yawa a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden Royal Cibiyar Na'urar Kimiyya, wacce membobin za su gabatar da kyaututtukan Nobel. Domin kada ya damu da jama'a (to a kan ganiyar shaharar da aka yi shine aikin Metoo na aiki), an hana Matar ta 'yancin zabe.
A shekara ta 2019, ɗaukar nauyin kyautar Nobel Peter Warka ya kasance a tsakiyar abin kunya. Ba kereirƙira ba ta haifar da tambayoyi, da ra'ayoyin siyasarsa ba. Marubucin ya bi ta kungiyar Serbia a cikin yakin yugoslav na shekarun 1990s. Saboda wannan, gabatarwar kyautar ka kaurace wa kasashe da yawa, ciki har da Bosnia da Herzegovina, Turkiyya, Albania. Sakamakon rikici shine murabus din daya daga cikin membobin kungiyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Sweden, wanda ke kafa jerin 'yan takarar don bayar da kyautar Nobel.
A ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 2020, ta zama sananne cewa Louise Glyk ya zama wani Nobel da ke da shi. Wannan labarin ko dai bai kashe ba tare da tattaunawa ba - ya yi, a ƙananan digiri. Ba wanda ya kori ba kuma bai shiga kurkuku ba. Amma wasu ƙasashe, ciki har da Rasha, lura cewa daga cikin 'yan takarar sun cancanci. A bayyane yake magana ne game da Lyudmila ulitmaya, wanda kuma ya shiga gajeriyar jerin.
Misali Motsion Dmitry Bedkov, alal misali, yayi sharhi kan sakamakon kyautar Nobel 2020: "
Louise Glitch, wataƙila mutum kirki kirki ne. Ba ni da komai da kyautar ta. Yana da cikakkun laifi sosai cewa mafi yawan masu da aka baiwa da kuma hada-hada-harbuka sun kasance a can.Koyaya, Louise Gluck ya tsaya a jere ɗaya tare da Herman Hessa, Ernest Hemsway, Joseph Brodsky da Kazuo Istiigo. Ta kasance wanda ya dauki kyautar - miliyan 10 Yaren mutanen Sweden rawanin. Abin lura ne cewa littafan wauta ne na poonsarfin mutane ba su bayyana ba, sabanin wannan titin Lyudmila iri ɗaya.
Lambobin yabo
- 1968 - Kyautar da Kwalejin Marubuta na Amurka
- 1981 - Kyautar Academy na Arts da adabi
- 1985 - Melville Kane Kyaurin
- 1992 - Kyautar yabo ta kasa Rebecca Johnson Bobbittet a fagen wallake
- 1992 - Kyautar Pulitzer
- 1992 - William Carlos Williams Kyauta
- 1995 - Marta Alband Kyautar Sihiri
- 1999 - Bayanin Ciki
- 1999 - Kyauta na jaridar "sabon yorker"
- 2001 - lambar cika shekaru 50 na makarantar ɗan adam dan adam, art da ilimin kimiyyar zamantakewa na Cibiyar Masana'antu Massachusetts
- 2001 - Kyautar Bollingan
- 2008 - Wallace Kya da Steents Cibiyar Mawakan Amurka
- 2010 - Aerkeena Taylor Kyauta don waƙoƙin American American
- 2014 - kyautar littafin kasa don mafi kyawun aiki
- 2015 - zinare na Kwalejin Amurka da wallafe-wallafe a cikin wawallan
- 2015 - Lambar Addinin Jarida ta Amurka
- 2020 - Kyautar Kasuwanci
- 2020 - Kyautar Nobel a Littattafai