Tari
Romania-Faransa playwright Eugene shigright Eugene shipessnko - iyakar farko na shugabanci na yau da kullun na Yammacin Draturak. Proser an gane shi azaman classic na gidan wasan kwaikwayon na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na karni na XX.Yaro da matasa
An haifi playwight mai zuwa nan gaba a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 1909 a cikin dangin Yahaya-Romanian. Ba da da ewa bayan haihuwar Ezhen, mahaifiyar ta yanke shawarar cigaba da yara daga asalin sa Slatina zuwa Faransa. Uba Jonesko, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya, ya kasance a Romania. Ma'auratan sun fara rayuwa a kasashe biyu, amma dangantakar ba ta wuce rajistar nesa ba. Iyalin Ionesko ya fashe.
Shekarun farko na rayuwa a cikin Yahaya na La ChapttStSts sun samar da ra'ayi mai zurfi a kananan Ejien. Ba lokutan zane-zanen ne na cewa rayuwar kauyen zata sami amsa a cikin aikin wasan kwaikwayo ba.
A cikin 1925, iyayen Ionesally sun sake. Saurayin ya koma zuwa ƙasarsa, a Romania, ya shiga jami'ar mafi girma a kasar. Wasan Wasanni na gaba sun karbi diftai na harshen Faransanci na Jami'ar Bucharest.
Halitta
Tun daga farkon zamani, nan gaba da aka saba gani ga 'yancin kai, ya kasance yana kusa da akida na taron. Ion Eiesso abokin adawa ne na gwamnatocin yara kuma har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwar ya kasance da aminci ga mizanan sa. A cikin shekarun 1930, macen 'yan fashi ta bunyed a Romania. Ioneso ta raina yanayin da ya mamaye babbar al'umma. A shekara ta 1938, shaidar ta dawo Faransa - kasar inda yaransa suka wuce. A wannan shekarar, ya kare batun maganinsa a kan falo "a kan dalilan zunubi da mutuwa a cikin wake wakoki bayan afarlaire."Dan wasan tarihin Ionesko ya samo asali ne a shekarun ɗalibta: saurayin ya rubuta waƙoƙi, zargi na rubutu, wanda aka buga a jaridu da mujallu. Amma wasan ba su son makomar makomar wasan kwaikwayo na gidan wasan kwaikwayo, bai ga wasannin ba.
Tunanin rubuta samfurin, da ba'a a gefe na rayuwar dan Adam, ya bayyana kwatsam, lokacin da Iono ya yi nazarin Turanci da fassara magungunan. A cikin shekarar 1950, a cikin Paris a kan matakin "gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Midnoppers", an saka wasa a wasan "Mawaki Mawaki". A cikin wannan aikin, marubucin yana so ya nuna masu sauraro, haƙĩƙa gaskiyar abin da shi da kansa ya kasance. Abin lura ne cewa a cikin rubutun farko da ba a ambaci mawaƙa ba. A cewar almara, wanda ya wajabta sunanta ga wasan kwaikwayon na wasan kwaikwayo, wanda maimakon kalmar "mawaƙa mai tsayi" ya ce "mawaƙa mai tsawa. Wannan ikon mallaka yana haifar da marubucin don murna, kuma ya sake sunan aikin.
Bayan mawaƙa "Lys" mawaƙa ", Ionessso ya ci gaba da bugawa - ayyukan" darasi "," waɗanda aka cutar da su "," Sarki ya mutu ". A cikin duka, wasan kwaikwayo ya rubuta fiye da wasanni 30, a cikin abin da tambayoyi na har abada suka tashi: Tsoron Mutuwa, Drama na rayuwa.
Kin amincewa da akida na taron Ionesko ya nuna a cikin wasan "Rhinonog", a cikin abin da mutane a hankali suka juya cikin dabbobin iri ɗaya. Sabuwar kalmar "farawa", ƙirƙira shi da wasan kwaikwayo, ƙirƙira alama ce ta haɗari da kuma taron mutane masu haɗari.
Daya daga cikin manyan masu tunani na marubucin Faransa na Faransanci na ƙarshe da Falsafa Jean-Paul Sartre ya rubuta:
"Jonseko" daga ciki "ya lalata Faransawa kawai, barin ra'ayoyi, enjections, la'ana, la'ana, la'ana Gidan wasan kwaikwayonsa shine mafarkin yare. "Abun da aka saba rubuto ba kawai ga manya ba, har ma ga yara. Littafin sa "tatsuniyoyi ne ga waɗanda ba su da shekaru uku" game da yarinyar Jozette daga wasu matasa matasa. Don ƙirƙirar aikin marubuci ya yi wahayi zuwa wata ƙaramar 'yar, wanda ya gaya wa labarin almara.
Ya kuma gudanar da diases, wanda ya shiga cikin tarihin tarihin "diary yanka". Littafin yana cike da tunani da tunanin marubucin, a cikin bayanan a cikin filayen da ya tuno da yara, yana nuna ma'anar rayuwa, sadaukarwa, sana'a. Hujja ya yarda cewa "wahala, gazawar bakin ciki, gazawar nan da alama shi gaskiya fiye da sa'a ko nishaɗi."
A cikin 1970, Eugene Tonko ya zama memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Faransa.
Rayuwar sirri
A shekarar 1936, Jonesko ya auri iyayensa. 'Yar matan aure kawai Marie-Faransa an haifeshi a cikin shekaru 8 na aure, a cikin 1944.
Mutuwa
A Faransa, Ionso ya rayu har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsa. Ba a san cewa shi ne dalilin mutuwar wanda ya kirkiro gidan wasan kwaikwayon na bautar da ba makawa. Amma shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwa, wasan kwaikwayo ba shi da lafiya. A ranar 28 ga Maris, 1994, Iondo ya mutu a shekara ta 85 na rayuwa. Kabari na marubucin "Lysa mawaƙa" da "Rhino" yana kan hurumi na Monparnasse.Mafi kyawun wasan Faransa mafi kyau kuma a yau sanya masu wasan kwaikwayo a duniya.
Faɗa
- "Mafi kyawun crane a cikin sama fiye da dunƙule a cikin makogwaro."
- "Ya kamata a lura da rayuwa daga taga wagon."
- "Idan ka fara kwasfa game da duk abin da ya faru a duniya, to ba shi yiwuwa a rayu."
- "Mutanen da ke da ilimin jami'a mutane ne na tunani ne, kuma a rayuwa ba su fahimci komai ba."
- "Gwarzo? Wannan shi ne wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin tunani game da labarin labarin, ya tayar wa lokacinsu. "
Littafi daya
- 1950 - "Mawaki mai ban tsoro"
- 1951 - "Darasi"
- 1952 - "waƙoƙi"
- 1955 - "sabbin mazauna"
- 1957 - "nan gaba a cikin qwai"
- 1959 - "Ba a kashe Kiler"
- 1959 - "etude don hudu"
- 1960 - "Rhino"
- 1962 - "brad tare"
- 1962 - "Sarki ya mutu"
- 1962 - Hoton Kanar "
- 1963 - "Mai tafiya a ƙasa"
- 1965 - "ƙishirwa da yunwa"
- 1966 - "sarari"
- 1972 - "macbett"
- 1980 - "Yin tafiya a cikin matattu"