Tari
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltinsin wani mai kasa ne wanda ya shiga labarin a matsayin shugaban na farko na Rasha, da kuma a matsayin mai yiwuwar mai mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na kasar.Yaro da matasa
An haifi Boris Nikolayevichic wanda aka haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu, 1931, akan alamar zodiac - Aquarius. Ya kasance waje daga dangi mai aiki mai sauƙi, Rasha ta ƙasa. Mahaifinsa Nikolai Ignatativich ya tsunduma cikin gini, kuma Mama Claudia Vasilyeevna ita ce dunkule. Tun bayan da jimawa bayan haihuwar Boris, mahaifinsa da aka ɗaura shi ne, yaro tare da inna da dan'uwan Mikhail ya zauna a garin Brezliki Permin.
A makaranta, Shugaban Kasar Yeltsin ya yi karatun ba dadi ba, tsohuwar mai fafatawa ce da kuma aji. A aji na bakwai, saurayi baya jin tsoron tafiya a kan malamin aji wanda ya ɗaga hannuwansa ga almajiran kuma ya tilasta shi fitar da alamomin mara kyau a gonar sa. Saboda wannan, an cire Boris daga makaranta tare da mummunar halayyar, amma mutumin ya juya zuwa ga Goka Komsomol da Guy. Bayan karbar takardar shaidar balaga, Boris Yeltinsin ya zama ɗalibin Cibiyar Polytechic, inda ya kammala karatun ginin.
Saboda raunin yara, Boris Nikolayevich ya rasa haɓakawa biyu a hannunsa, don haka bai kira shi da sabis ɗin ba. Amma wannan kasawar ba ta hana Boris a matasan su yi wasan kwallon raga ba, ta zartar da matsayin taken "Jagora na wasanni na Yekaterinburg. Bayan Jami'ar Yeltinsin ya shiga cikin amintattu "uraltyazhtrasarrughoy". Kodayake an yarda da ilimi nan da nan don ɗaukar wurin jagora, ya gwammace ya miko kan aikin da farko, mai bushewa, mai kafinta, filasiya da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direba da direban da ke tattare da direban.
An gabatar da matasa kwararru na shekaru biyu zuwa aikin sashen gine-ginen gini, kuma a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, shuka na ginin gidan sverdlovsk ya riga ya nufi kantin ginin gidan. A cikin shekaru guda, boris Nikolayevich YelTin fara inganta membobin jam'iyyar. Da farko, ya zama wakili zuwa taron majalisar na jam'iyyar, sannan sakataren kwamitin sverdlovsk kwamitin na CPU, kuma a farkon kwamitin na jam'iyyar.
Sana'a
An lura da nasarori na Boris Yeltsin a matsayin jagorar kwamitin kwamitin yankin da aka lura da jagora da mazauna. A karkashin kulawarsa, an gina waƙar tsakanin Yekisterburg da Serov, Noma ta ci gaba, da kuma gina gine-gine da kuma masana'antun masana'antu. Bayan motsi zuwa Moscow, Boris Nikolaevich yana warware matsalolin gine-ginen riga a matakin gaba ɗaya. Makamashinsa da salon aiki na aikin ya ɗaga shahararrun mashahurin mai wakilcin majalisar a gaban Muscovites. Amma jam'iyyar ta kai Yeltsin da aka ambata tare da wariyar launin fata har ma da wasu sun hana kokarin sa.Yarjejeniyar daga Dinabi na dindindin, Boris Yeltsin ya yi magana a Preenum na 1987 kuma sun soki wasu jami'ai da suka yi, a cikin ra'ayinsa, a cikin maganganun magungunan Mikhail Gorbachev. Haɗin gwamnati ya kasance mara kyau, wanda ya haifar da murabus din wanda aka azabtar ya bayyana bayyana manufofin ra'ayinsa da kuma canja wurin shi zuwa shafin mataimakin shugaban kungiyar USSR. Gorbachev a fili ya ce ba zai sake zama a cikin manufofin Yeltsin ba. Amma ba tukuna shugabanci ba tukuna cewa Opal Boris Nikolayevic zai haifar da girma na ikonsa daga mutane. Lokacin da Boris Yeltinsin ke gudana cikin wakilai a gundumar Moscow a 1989, ya samu sama da 90% na kuri'un. Daga baya, dan siyasa zai zama shugaban majalisa ta musamman da shugaban farko na RSFSR.
Shugaban Rasha
A lokacin da, a ranar 19 ga Agusta, 1991, yunƙurin hujja ya yi kokarin juyin mulkin jihar, da aka sani a yau Patch, kuma hukuma ta cire kwamitin jihar kan ka'idojin gaggawa kan ka'idojin gaggawa. Boris Yeltinsin ya miƙe a kan shugaban mutane yana adawa da kama da ba shi da son kai na hukumar, wanda aka yi amfani da hukunci da kuma lalata tsare-tsaren GCCP. Kamar dai bai shafi 'yan citizensan ƙasa ba ga ƙarin ayyukan Yeltsin, shi ne wanda ya sami damar kare ƙasar daga yakin basasa. A sakamakon haka, Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsiin ya jagoranci gwamnatin farko ta Rasha a tarihi kuma a wannan karfin da aka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar belovezhskaya kan ruwa na USSR.
Shekarun farko na mulkin sarauta sun yi nauyi ga Rasha. Kuma, yiwuwa na yakin basasa ya tashi, ya wajaba a koma ga buga "yarjejeniyar jama'a", da kuma tallafin sabon kundin tsarin mulki ya taimaka wa mutane a cikin al'umma. Babban Minarnan na farko na Rasha shine zato na ayyukan makamai masu dauke da makamai a Chechnya, wanda ya kai ga dogon yaƙi. Ya yi kokarin dakatar da yakin, amma a karshen, Vladimir Putin a cikin 2001. A wannan yanayin, Shugaban gudanar da ya sake zama majalisar ministocin ministocin kuma ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Dokoki da ke da niyyar sake tattaunawa a tattalin arzikin.
A cikin manufofin kasashen waje, Boris Yeltsin yana da muhimmanci a kafa dangantakar da ke da kasashen Yammaci, da kuma gina tattaunawa tare da tsoffin Jamhuriyar Socialist. Saboda haka, shugaban Tarayyar Rasha ya tabbatar da sanya wuraren da NATO a Poland, dan wasan Czech Republic da Slovakia, ba ƙidaya wannan barazanar ga Rasha. Ya kuma sanar da rashin jituwa Rasha ta hanyar biranen Amurka. Tare da Bill Clinton, abokantaka tana da alaƙa. Yawancin lokuta masu ban dariya waɗanda aka rubuta akan bidiyo da hotuna sun zama matsayi tare da Yeltsin a tarurruka tare da shugaban Amurka. Wannan lamari ne da ba daidai ba na kalmomin Boris Nikolayevich, da kuma hadin gwiwa.
Boris Yeltsin an rarrabe Bortsin ta hanyar haske, mai iko kuma wani lokacin da ba a iya faɗi ba a iya faɗi ba. Shugaban Rasha ya ji kansa a cikin jama'a, wani lokacin m masu kai tsaye. Sau da yawa, irin waɗannan ayyukan da suka tsokani maye, wanda ya sami saukin kamuwa da Yeltin. Amma taro tare da 'yan kasa, wanda ke da boris Nikolayevich dancing ko jayayya, wanda aka yi aiki a zaben kuma musamman ga matasa ba muni fiye da kowane pr-cirewa.
Don haka ya faru a zabukan shugaban jihar 1996. Boris Yeltsin bai shirya halartar su ba, amma bai iya ba da damar kwaminisanci don cin nasara ba. Shirin zaben tare da jefa ƙuri'a ", ko rasa" an tura "a lokacin da Yeltinsin ya ziyarci biranen Rasha da yawa. Tare da shi, ƙirar kasuwancin shago sun halarci tashin hankali: Igor Nikolaev, Lyudmila Gurchenko, 'Yan Unidmila Gurchenko, "Groupsungiyoyin Maro", "Dune" da sauransu. A matsayin tushen yakin nan, ka'idodin tsarin zaben na Bill Clinton "zabi, ko rasa".
A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, Yeltsin ta ya tashi daga kashi 3-6 zuwa 35% wanda ya jefa masa a zagaye na farko. Saboda babban kaya bayan matakin farko na zaben, Boris Yeltsin ya tsira daga bugun zuciya. Lafiyar Boris Nikolayevich bai yarda zai zabi zaben a wurin zama a Moscow ba. Ya ba da muryarsa a zagaye na biyu a cikin Sarkiumum a Barvikha.
A zabukan a 1996, Shugaban na yanzu ya lashe babban mai karbar takara Zyuganov. Bayan da aka gabatar da gabatarwar, wanda wakilai ba su gayyata daga fim din da suka gabata ba, kuma aka gayyace bidiyon da aka gabatar da mutuwar Boris Yeltsin ya bayyana a cikin al'umma da kuma maye gurbin tagwayensa. Wani jami'in yuri Mukhin ya yi jayayya cewa dan siyasa ya mutu bayan bugun zuciya, wanda ya zama don yeltsin na biyar. Littafin "lambar Yeltsin" an sake shi akan wannan batun. A shekarar 1998, mataimakin Ai Sali ta bayar da don kirkirar hukumar ta gudanar da wannan karar a cikin jihar Duma, ya kuma samar da wasu 'yan iko da mai gabatar da kara "(Art. 278 na lambar laifi na Tarayyar Rasha) a ɓangaren yankin YelTsin. Amma waɗannan ka'idar ba su sami tabbaci a rayuwa ba.
Bayan zaben, shugaban ya mayar da hankali kan karfafa tattalin arzikin da kuma zaman jama'a. A saboda wannan, an gabatar da babban shirin guda bakwai, lokacin da gwamnati tayi kokarin kawar da babbar bashin da ke cikin bashin, don gabatar da dokokin suttura don bankuna da 'yan kasuwa, don kara karancin kungiyar. A matsayin daya daga cikin matakan ci gaba, yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da murabus din Gwamnatin Viktor Chernomerdin, don maye gurbin Kitiyenko da Eleetic Sergey Kiriyenko. Bayansa kuma, an gudanar da matsayin Firayim Minista, Sergey Stepashin da Vladimir Putin.
A Boris Yeltinin kanta, babban gwamnatin gwamnati ta shafi rashin lafiya, kuma dole ne ya yi shunt a zuciya. Ban inganta tunanin shugaban da rikicin na kudi na 2006 ba, wanda ya zama babbar bala'i ga Rasha fiye da na duniya baki daya, kamar yadda al'ummar duniya, kamar yadda aka yi kuskure da miscalculations suka hau saman. A sakamakon haka, da yawa karkace na ruble, tsoho da rushewar banki. A gefe guda, kawai a wannan lokacin, ikon yin watsi da kayan kasashen waje a kasuwa an sake yin shi da kisan cikin gida, wanda koyaushe ya tafi hannun kisan da ke cikin gida.
Boris yeltsin ya kasance a sauraron russia har zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta karni na 20, kuma a lokacin taya ta sabuwar shekara ta sabuwar shekara ta sabuwar shekara ta Sabuwar telebijin ta sabuwar shekara ta Sabuwar telebijin. Boris Yeltsin ya nemi gafara daga 'yan'uwa' yan'uwa kuma ya ce yana da 'tara matsaloli ", kuma ba wai saboda lafiya ba. Shahararren zance "na gaji, zan tafi", ya danganta ga Boris Nikolayevich, bai dace da gaskiya ba.
A lokacin murabus na Yeltsin, kashi 67% na 'yan ƙasa suka ba da labarin mummunan shugaban kasa, da lalata Rasha zuwa iko. Da goyan bayan Yeltsin a wancan lokacin 15%. Amma masu bincike da 'yan siyasa sun yi zartar da shekarun da shugaba na shugaba da gaske, lura da babban nasarar wannan zamanin -' yancin magana da kuma gina kungiyoyin jama'a.
Bayan Boris Yeltsin ya bar shugabancin shugabancin shugaban, ya ci gaba da shiga cikin rayuwar jama'a na kasar. A cikin 2000, ya kirkiro ƙasar sadaka, lokaci-lokaci ziyarci jihar CIS. A shekara ta 2004, tsohon shugaban shugaban kasar, Alexander Korzhakov, ya fito da littafin Memoirs "Boris yeltsin: Daga Dawakai zuwa faɗuwar abubuwa," wanda ya gabatar da hujjoji masu ban tsoro da ke tarihin kan shugaban kasa.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar Boris Yeltsin ta canza lokacin da ya yi nazari a Cibiyar Polynic. A waɗancan shekarun, ya sadu da Diaine Girin, a kan abin da ya dauri kai tsaye bayan ƙarshen jami'a. A lokacin haihuwa, yarinyar ta karbi sunan Anastasia, amma a cikin shekarun da ke sane da shi ya maye gurbinsa ga naine, kamar yadda ake kiranta da dangi. Matar Boris Yeltsin ta yi aiki a matsayin manajan aikin a Cibiyar Vodokanial.Bikin aure na Yeltsin ya faru ne a gidan da ke wurin gama kai a saman Isti a shekarar 1956, bayan shekara daga baya, an gama da gidan da Eleena Elena. Shekaru uku bayan haka, Boris da Niava sun sake zama iyaye, suna da 'yar turawa Tatyana. Daga baya, 'yarsa da aka gabatar ga shugaban jikokin uku. Boris Yeltinin Jr. ya zama mafi mashahuri daga gare su, wanda a lokaci guda shine darektan tallan kungiyar "dabara 1". Kuma ɗan'uwansa Gleb, aka haife shi da ƙasa, a cikin 2015 ya zama zakara na iyo na Turai tsakanin mutane da nakasa.
A cikin wallafe-wallafen da yawa, Boris Nikolayevich ya ba da kansa saboda ma'auransa, kowane lokaci ya jaddada kulawa da goyon baya. Amma wasu 'yan jaridu, gami da Poltacin Mikhail, sun yi jayayya cewa nima Yeltsin ba kawai goyon baya ba ne ga shugaban na farko na Rasha a jagorancin kasar.
Mutuwa
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwa, Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ya sha wahala daga cutar tsarin zuciya. Hakanan ba wani sirri bane cewa an gano shi da giya. A tsakiyar watan Afrilu 2007, tsohon shugaban saboda rikitarwa bayan an sanya ko kamuwa da cuta ta bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri. A cewar likitoci, rayuwarsa bai yi barazanar kome ba, cutar ta ci gaba da tsinkaya. Duk da haka, kwanaki 12 bayan asibiti, Boris Yelstin ya mutu a cikin asibitin Castical. Mutuwa ta zo a ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2007.
An kira hukuma da ake sa zuciyar mutuwa da aka kira zuciya a sakamakon karya game da ayyukan da gabobin ciki. Na binne Yeltsin tare da 'yan Adam na soja a makabartar soja na Novevichy, kuma ana watsa masu jana'izar aikin da duk tashoshin talabijin na jihar. Kabarin Boris Yeltinsin yana da abin tunawa karo. An yi shi ne a cikin hanyar dutse wanda aka zana a launuka na tutar ƙasa.
Don bikin tunawa da haihuwar Boris Yeltsin a cikin 2011, Litattafai "an bayar da belis da Bortsin. Rayuwa da makoma "da" Boris Yeltsin. Na farko ", ban da tunanin da tsoffin mutanen shugaban, da kuma ba a gabatar da wasu mutane a hirar da Yeltsin kansu ba.
Tunani
- 2008 - babban titi na cibiyar kasuwanci na Yekaterinburg-City, Street Streetburg ya sake sunan Boris Yeltsin
- 2008 - Bikin bude bikin bude abin tunawa da boris nikolayevich Yeltsin ya faru a makabartar Novevichy
- 2008 - Jami'ar Fasaha ta Duniya (UPI) da aka sanya wa sunan Boris Yeltsin
- 2009 - B. N. Yeltsin Shugaban kasa ya bude a St. Petersburg
- An bude Monument a Yekaterinburg a lokacin bikin murnar 80th na Boris Yeltsin
- 2015 - Cibiyar Cibiyar Boris Boris Yeltinsin ta bude a Yekaterinburg