Tari
Foyor Shalappin - Opera Opera da Mawaƙa na Rasha. A wasu lokuta, ya kasance mai lauya a cikin Marisky da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi, da kuma a cikin wasan Opera na Metropolitan. Sabili da haka, aikin almara na almara ana san shi kuma ya wuce gidansa.Yaro da matasa
Fedor Ivanovichin an haife shi a cikin Kazan a cikin 1873. Iyayensa suna ziyartar masu tsaron gida. Uba Ivan Yakovlevich ya koma daga lardin Vyatka, ya kasance cikin sabon abu don aikin kwarai don aikin kwarai - ya bauta wa haruffa a cikin gudanar da Zemstvo. Kuma mahaifiyar ta Evdokia Mikhailovna ta kasance uwargidan.
Tun da yaro, kadan Fedi ya boye, godiya ga abin da aka aiko shi zuwa ga Chilic, inda ya karbi kayan ilimin ilimin kiɗan. Baya ga waƙoƙi a cikin haikali, mahaifinsa ya ba yaro don horar da takalmin mai.
Bayan kammala azuzuwan ilimi da yawa tare da girmamawa, saurayi zai tafi aiki a matsayin mataimaki. Shekarun nan kuma Fedor Shalagafin zai tuna a matsayin mafi ban sha'awa a rayuwarsa, saboda an hana shi babban abu a rayuwarsa - rera waccan muryarsa ta damu da lokacin hutu. Don haka zai kasance a kan rumbarar aiki na matasa Archipist, idan wata rana bai zo ga gabatar da gidan Opope Opolra ba. Sihiri na fasaha har abada ya kama zuciyar saurayin, kuma ya yanke shawarar canza ayyukan.
Yana da shekara 16, Fedor Shalamarpin tare da bass ya riga ya fara sauraron gidan Opaper, amma tare da fashewar kasa ta gaza. Bayan haka, ya kara da kungiyar ban mamaki na V. B. Serebryakov, wanda aka dauke shi zuwa ga ƙididdiga.
A hankali, an cajin bangarorin da ke cikin hade da wani saurayi. Bayan shekara guda, Fedor Shalyappin ya cika batirin Zeretsky daga wasan wasan kwaikwayon "Eugene Dogin". Amma cikin 'yan kasuwa masu ban mamaki, bai yi jinkiri ba na dogon lokaci kuma bayan wasu watanni bayan haka, an shirya Chorister-Samara don UFA.
Duk da haka ShalarAppin ya kasance mai fasaha kwarewa, wanda bayan dimbin dayan dayan da aka kasa sun sami kwarin gwiwa. Ana gayyatar da matasa mawaƙa zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na yawo daga cikin Jorinus a ƙarƙashin shugabancin G. I. Derkach, wanda ya yi balaguro da dama a cikin kasar. Tafiya yana jagorantar ShalarApin a ƙarshe a cikin Tiflis (yanzu - TBilsi).
A cikin babban birnin Georgia, mawaƙin da aka baiwa malamin a kan Vocal Voal Voal Demitry Usatov, a da ya gabata sanannen gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi. Yana ɗaukar cikakken ɗan ƙaramin saurayi na aikata tare da shi. A cikin layi daya tare da darussan, Chaliapin yana aiki da mai aiwatar da jam'iyyun Boras a gidan Opera na gida.
Kiɗa
A cikin shekarar 1894, Shalappin ya shiga cikin aikin gidan wasan kwaikwayon na St. Petersburg, amma tsattsauran, yana farawa da sauri. Don haɗari mai farin ciki akan ɗayan wasan kwaikwayon, ya lura da fa'idar Savva Mamontov da kuma zubar da mawaƙa zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayon. Samun ƙaramin abu a kan baiwa, masu goyon baya sun gano a cikin matasa mai tsufa mai ban tsoro mai ban sha'awa. Yana samar da Fedor Ivanovich cikakken 'yanci a cikin tawagarsa.
A lokacin aiki a cikin Chaliapin turniapin, ya bayyana damar muryarsa da zane-zane. Ya kure dukkan shahararrun jam'iyyun bass na kungiyar Opolas na Rasha, irin su PSKOvYYYY, "Rai Meris Allahnov", "Hohannavchina". Ayyukansa na rawar da mephistople a fausta Charles Fanles Guno har yanzu ya kasance. Bayan haka, ya sake fasalin wannan hoton a cikin Aria "Mehistofel" a cikin "Scala" gidan wasan kwaikwayo fiye da nasarar duniya.
Tun daga farkon karni na 20, ShalarApin ya sake bayyana akan firam na mariins, amma a matsayin soloist. Tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na birni, ya fado Turai, ya fadi a cikin wasan kwaikwayon-Opera na wasan kwaikwayon-Opera a New York, ba a ambaci yaduwar balaguro ba ga Moscow, a cikin babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Kewaye da sanannen bass, zaka iya ganin dukkan launi na kirkirar Elite na lokacin: I. Korovin, mawaƙi T. Ruffo da E. Caruso. Ana kiyaye hotunan inda aka kama shi kusa da cibiyar aboki Maxim Gorky.
A cikin 1905, Fedor Shalagph da aka girmama tare da solo da kuma waƙoƙin jama'a na Dubinushka, "tare da St. Petersburg" da sauransu. Dukkanin masu waƙoƙin sun hadaya don bukatun ma'aikatan. Irin wannan kide kide na Maestro ya juya zuwa kungiyar siyasa ta gaske fiye da daga baya FYodor Ivanovich ya fitar da daraja daga Ikon Soviet. Bugu da kari, abota da marubucin marubucen farko na Pret Maxim Gorky ya tabbatar da cewa dangin Shalipin daga dangin Soviet.
Bayan da Juyin juya halin, sabuwar gwamnatin ta nada FaDor Ivanovich shugaban gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Marisky da kuma saka masa taken na Rsfsr. Amma a cikin sabon inganci, mawaƙa ya yi aiki na dogon lokaci, tunda ya yi ƙaura tare da danginsa daga danginsa a shekarun 1922. Ba a sake bayyana a kan wurin Seviet ba. Bayan shekaru, gwamnatin Soviet ta hana shanyapin mutane na Resfsr.
FYodor Shalaypin ba aikinsa bane kawai. Baya ga waƙoƙi, ɗan wasa mai fasaha ya kasance mai zane mai zanen da sluler. Ya kuma tauraro a cikin sinima. Ya sami rawar da mummunan aiki a cikin sunan Alexander Ivanov-George Wilhelm Pabsta "Don Qaliipin ya cika babban Matsar da sanannen kokawa tare da iska mai iska.
Rayuwar sirri
Tare da matar farko, ShalarApin ta gana cikin matasa, yayin da yake aiki a wasan kwaikwayo na Mamondov. An kira yarinyar Iola Tornagi, ita yaran asalin asalin Italiyanci ce. Duk da yanayin hali da nasara a cikin mata, matasa mawaƙa ya yanke shawarar ɗaure kansa a matsayin aure a matsayin mace mai zaman kanta.
A cikin shekarun Japan, Iola ta haifi Fyaodor Shalyappin yara shida. Amma har ma irin wannan iyali ba sa kiyaye Fedor Ivanovich daga canje-canje na asali a rayuwa.
Kasancewa a cikin sabis a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na sarki, dole ne ya ci gaba da rayuwa sau da yawa a St. Petersburg, inda ya fara iyali ta biyu. Da farko, tare da matarsa ta biyu, Maria Petzold Fedor Ivanovich ya hadu a ɓoye, kamar yadda ta yi aure. Amma bayan haka suka fara zama tare, da Maria ta haifi shi da ƙarin yara uku.
Rayuwar da aka ci gaba da ta na ci gaba har sai da ta tashi zuwa Turai. A zagaya, Charyapin chaliopin ya bar dukkan dangin na biyu, kuma cikin 'yan watanni biyar, yara biyar suka zo Paris zuwa Paris daga aurenta na farko.
Daga babban dangin Fedor a cikin USSR, matarsa ta farko da Iola Ignatievna da kuma babbar 'yar Irina ta zauna. Waɗannan matan sun zama masu tsaron ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar wasan Opora a cikin ƙasarsu. A shekarar 1960, tsohuwar da rashin lafiya Iola Tornagi ta koma Roma, amma kafin su tashi daga cikin al'adun gargajiya Ivanovic a gidansu a Novinsky Boulevard.
Mutuwa
Ziyarar da ta gabata na ƙasashen kasashen gabas, ShalarApin ya shiga tsakiyar 30s. Yana ba da wakar Silo 50 a cikin biranen Sin da Japan. Bayan haka, komawa zuwa Paris, mai zane ya ji daɗi ba shi da kyau.
A shekara ta 1937, likitocin da aka gano yana da cutar jinin jini: shekarar rayuwa ta kasance Chaliapin.
Babban Bass ya mutu a gidan Paris a farkon Afrilu 1938. Na dogon lokaci, aka binne ƙurarsa a ƙasar Faransa, kuma a 1984, a roƙon Sala Chalia, ragowar sa zuwa ga kabarin Moskovichy.
Gaskiya masana tarihi masu yawa suna ɗaukar mutuwar Fyor Shalyapp a maimakon bakon abu. Kuma likita a cikin murya daya ya ce bargo da cutar sashe da irin wannan shinge kuma a irin wannan zamanin ba shi da wuya. Hakanan akwai tabbacin cewa bayan yawon shakatawa a cikin gabas gabas, mawaƙin Opera a cikin Paris ya koma cikin azaba mai raɗaɗi "a goshi - dunƙule na launin ruwan ƙasa. Likitocin suna jayayya cewa irin wannan neoplasms suna tasowa a cikin guba tare da upocack ko phenol. Tambayar ita ce abin da ya faru da chaliapin a ziyarar, kuma an saita masanin tarihi na cikin Kazan Rootell Kashpov.
Wani mutum ya yi imanin cewa Skyalapin "cire" ikon Soviet a matsayin abin ƙi. A wani lokaci, ya ƙi komawa gida, da komai, ta hanyar Orthodox ya ba da taimako ga talakawa Rasha masu bauta ta Rasha. A cikin Moscow, an kira aikinsa da keta, wanda aka yi nufin tallafawa fararen ƙaura. Bayan wannan cajin dawowar dawowar, akwai wani magana.
Ba da daɗewa ba mawaƙi ya shiga cikin ikon rikici. Littafin sa "tarihin rayuwata" an buga tarihin rayuwata "da aka ba da izinin latsa daga kungiyar Soviet" littafin "na kasa". Shalyafrapina ya fi dacewa da rashin haƙƙin mallaka, kuma ya shigar da kotu wanda ya ba da umarnin USSR don biyan diyya ta biya. Tabbas, a cikin Moscow, an ɗauke wannan a matsayin mahimmancin ayyukan mawaƙa a cikin jihar Soviet.
Kuma a cikin 1932 ya rubuta littafin "Mace da rai" kuma aka buga shi a cikin Paris. A ciki, Fedor Ivanovich a cikin wani nau'i mai tsauri ya yi magana dangane da akida na Bolshevism, ga Soviet Power kuma musamman ga Joseph Vissarionvich Stalin.
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwarsa, ShalarApin ta nuna matsakaicin taka tsantsan da masu zargi ga gidansa ba su bari ba. Amma a 1935, mawaƙi ya sami tayin zuwa ƙungiyar yawon shakatawa a Japan da China. Kuma yayin yawon shakatawa a kasar Sin, ba zato ba tsammani ga Fedor Ivanovich, an ba shi damar ba da kide kide a Harbin, kodayake ba a shirya wasan ba a can. Kashhapov Kashhapov yanki Kaspov ya tabbata cewa akwai likita na Wielzon, wanda aka yi tare da Shyarafa a cikin wannan zagaye aerosol tare da kayan guba tare da kayan guba.
Fedor Ivanovich, Georges De Haizan, Georges de Haizinky, ya ce a gaban jawabin, Witbon ya gano shi mai gamsarwa, "yayyafa shi da methol." Herzinsky ya fada cewa an sake gudanar da makomar yawon shakatawa a bango na dattawan lafiya na ShalyApp.
A watan Fabrairu na 2018, shekara 145 tun lokacin da ake haihuwar Mawaki mai girma na Rasha. A cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na Shalyapin a Novinsky Boulevin a Moscow, inda Fyodor Ivanovich ya rayu tare da danginsa tun daga 1910, masu sha'awar kirkirar kirkirar da suka dace.
Aria.
- Rayuwa ga sarki (IVAN Susanin): Aria Susanina "Gaskiya ta gaskiya"
- Ruslan da Lyudmila: Rondo Farlaf "Oh, farin ciki! Na san "
- Mermaid: Aria Melnik "Oh, to, dukku, 'yan mata suna saurayi"
- Yarima Igor: Ahia Igor "ba barci, babu hutawa"
- Yarima Igor: Aria Konchaka "Lafiya Lee, Yarima"
- SADKO: Waƙar baƙon Varangan "a kan tsararren munanan an murƙushe shi da rurin raƙuman ruwa"
- Faust: Aria na Mefistophe "tafi zuwa Duhu"